CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
B. Research Findings
The research was started from 27 Februari 2021- 21 April 2020 at the State Islamic Institute of Palangkaraya. The research sample of semester 6-8 students via google form. The data obtained from this study, namely questionnaire data.
The result of research on students perception of scientific writing class on their learning gains was obtainde by employing questionnaire as the main instrument to collect the data. The presented data consist of central tendency (mean, median, modus, and standard deviation). The first step was to tabulate score into the table of calculation mean. The second step was to tabulate score into the table of calculation total score, median, modus, standard deviation, and interval.
The first step was totabulate score into the table of calculation Mean. The table was shown below:
Table 4.2
The Calculation Mean of the Students’ Perception of Scientific Writing Class on Their Learning Gains.
X F ∑X
5 27 135
4 71 284
3 7 21
2 - -
1 - -
N=105 ∑440
Mean : M = ∑𝑥
𝑁 = 440
105= 4, 190
37
Table 4.3
Result of Questionnaire Analysis
Item Number & Percent
Scale
Total MN MD MOD STD Strongly
Agree Agree Neutral Disagree Strongly Disagree
1 I learned how to integrate sources into my paper
through quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing. 39 59 6 1 105 4.30 4.00 4 0.619
Percent 37.1% 56.2% 5.7% 1.0% 100%
2 I learned more about the relationship between
research and writing. 38 42 18 7 105 4.06 4.00 4 0.897
Percent 36,20% 40.0% 17,10% 6,70% 100%
3 I learned how to cite my sources. 48 47 8 2 105 4.34 4.00 5 0.705
Percent 45,70% 44,80% 7,60% 1,9 100%
4
The learning materials that I received in scientific writing class can be implemented in my thesis proposal writing.
52 42 9 2 105 4.37 4.00 5 0,740
Percent 49,50% 40.0% 8.6% 1.9% 100%
5 I learned how to structure my research paper. 45 46 12 2 105 4.28 4.00 4 0.740
Percent 42.9% 43.8% 11.4% 1.9% 100%
Percent 46.7% 39.0% 13.3% 1.0% 100%
7 I think that in scientific writing class improved my
ability to comprehend primary scientific papers. 34 57 13 1 105 4.18 4.00 4 0.676
Percent 32.4% 54.3% 12.4% 1.0% 100%
8 I learned how to use in-text punctuation correctly. 50 37 16 2 105 4.29 4.00 5 0.793
Percent 47.6% 35.2% 15.2% 1.9% 100%
9 I understand what makes a successful scientific
writing 31 46 28 105 4.03 4.00 4 0.753
Percent 29.5% 43.8% 26.7% 100%
10 I know how to write a successful scientific writing. 28 34 39 4 105 3.82 4.00 3 0.875
Percent 26.7% 32.4% 37.1% 3.8% 100%
11
The learning materials of scientific writing course were able to motivate me in the learning process because they were suitable for my needs.
28 62 11 4 105 4.09 4.00 4 0.722
Percent 26.7% 59.0% 10.5% 3.8% 100%
12
I gained more knowledge about scientific writing when lecturers gives feedback on the assignments that have been done by students.
52 40 11 2 105 4.35 4.00 5 0.747
39
Percent 49.5% 38.1% 10.5% 1.9% 100%
13
The lecturer made me motivated to develop the
knowledge I got in scientific writing class. 31 49 25 105 4.06 4.00 4 0.732
Percent 29.5% 46.7% 23.8% 100%
14
My lecturer modeled a useful technique that I will
apply to future research/writing tasks. 33 55 12 5 105 4.10 4.00 4 0.787
Percent 31.4% 52.4% 11.4% 4.8% 100%
15
I learned how to develop my main points when I do
my writing task. 35 52 15 3 105 4.13 4.00 4 0.760
Percent 33.3% 49.5% 14.3% 2.9% 100%
16
I learned how to develop a research plan when I do
my writing task. 31 53 18 3 105 4.07 4.00 4 0.763
Percent 29.5% 50.5% 17.1% 2.9% 100%
17
I know what to do the next time if I receive a similar
task 35 52 17 1 105 4.15 4.00 4 0.718
Percent 33.3% 49.5% 16.2% 1.0% 100%
18
I left knowing what to do next for this
research/writing project 14 28 34 19 10 105 3.16 3.00 3 1.161
Percent 13.3% 26.7% 32.4% 18.1% 9.5% 100%
19
I do more about my writing task in scientific writing
class 38 47 18 2 105 4.15 4.00 4 0.769
20
When I revise my scientific papers, I am confident in
finding my spelling and punctuation errors. 36 49 18 2 105 4.13 4.00 4 0.760
Percent 34.3% 46.7% 17.1% 1.9% 100%
Source: Brownell et al., 2013; Mutimani, 2016; Van & Gasiorek, 2012; Ward et al., 2020.
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The data above could be detailed as follows;
Item_1 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 1 10 1.0 1.0
N 6 5.7 5.7 6.7
A 59 56.2 56.2 62.9
SA 39 37.1 37.1 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 1, I learned how to integrate sources into my paper through quoting, paraphrasing, or summarizing. There were 39 students (37.1%) stated Strongly Agree, 59 students (56.2%) stated Agree, 6 students (5.7%) stated Neutral, 1 student (1.0%) Disagree.
Item_2 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 7 6.7 6.7 6.7
N 18 17.1 17.1 23.8
A 42 40.0 40.0 63.8
SA 38 36.2 36.2 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 2, I learned more about the relationship between research and writing.
There were 38 students (36.2%) stated Strongly Agree, 42 students (40.0%) stated Agree, 18 students (17.1%) stated Neutral, 7 student (1.0%) Disagree.
Item_3 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 8 7.6 7.6 9.5
A 47 44.8 44.8 54.3
SA 48 45.7 45.7 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 3, I learned how to cite my sources. There were 48 students (45.7%) stated Strongly Agree, 47 students (44.8%) stated Agree, 8 students (7.6%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
Item_4 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 9 8.6 8.6 10.5
A 42 40.0 40.0 50.5
SA 52 49.5 49.5 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 4, The learning materials that I received in scientific writing class can be implemented in my thesis proposal writing. There were 52 students (49.5%) stated Strongly Agree, 42 students (40.0%) stated Agree, 9 students (8.6%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
Item_5 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 12 11.4 11.4 13.3
A 46 43.8 43.8 57.1
SA 45 42.9 42.9 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
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Item 5, I learned how to structure my research paper. There were 45 students (42.9%) stated Strongly Agree, 46 students (40.0%) stated Agree, 12 students (11.4%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
Item_6 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 1 1.0 1.0 1.0
N 14 13.3 13.3 14.3
A 41 39.0 39.0 53.3
SA 49 46.7 46.7 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 6, I think that scientific writing class improved my ability to write a scientific papers. There were 49 students (46.7%) stated Strongly Agree, 41 students (39.0%) stated Agree, 14 students (13.3%) stated Neutral, 1 student (1.0%) Disagree.
Item_7 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 1 1.0 1.0 1.0
N 13 12.4 12.4 13.3
A 57 54.3 54.3 67.6
SA 34 32.4 32.4 100.0
Total 105 100,0 100.0
Item 7, I think that in scientific writing class improved my ability to comprehend primary scientific papers. There were 34 students (32.4%) stated Strongly Agree, 57 students (54.3%) stated Agree, 13 students (12.4%) stated Neutral, 1 student (1.0%) Disagree.
Item_8 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 16 15.2 15.2 17.1
A 37 35.2 35.2 52.4
SA 50 47.6 47.6 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 8, I learned how to use in-text punctuation correctly. There were 50 students (47.6%) stated Strongly Agree, 37 students (35.2%) stated Agree, 16 students (15.2%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
Item_9 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid N 28 26.7 26.7 26.7
A 46 43.8 43.8 70.5
SA 31 29.5 29.5 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 9, I understand what makes a successful scientific writing. There were 31 students (29.5%) stated Strongly Agree, 46 students (43.8%) stated Agree, 28 students (26.7%) stated Neutral.
Item_10 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 4 3.8 3.8 3.8
N 39 37.1 37.1 41.0
A 34 32.4 32.4 73.3
SA 28 26.7 26.7 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
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Item 10, I know how to write a successful scientific writing. There were 28 students (26.7%) stated Strongly Agree, 34 students (32.4%) stated Agree, 39 students (37.1%) stated Neutral, 4 student (3.8%) Disagree.
Item_11 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 4 3.8 3.8 3.8
N 11 10.5 10.5 14.3
A 62 59.0 59.0 73.3
SA 28 26.7 26.7 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 11, The learning materials of scientific writing course were able to motivate me in the learning process because they were suitable for my needs. There were 28 students (26.7%) stated Strongly Agree, 62 students (59.0%) stated Agree, 11 students (10.5%) stated Neutral, 4 student (3.8%) Disagree.
Item_12 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 11 10.5 10.5 12.4
A 40 38.1 38.1 50.5
SA 52 49.5 49.5 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 12, I gained more knowledge about scientific writing when lecturers gives feedback on the assignments that have been done by students. There were 52 students (49.5%) stated Strongly Agree, 40 students (38.1%) stated Agree, 11 students (10.5%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
Item_13 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid N 25 23.8 23.8 23.8
A 49 46.7 46.7 70.5
SA 31 29.5 29.5 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 13, The lecturer made me motivated to develop the knowledge I got in scientific writing class. There were 31 students (29.5%) stated Strongly Agree, 49 students (46.7%) stated Agree, 25 students (10.5%) stated Neutral.
Item_14 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 5 4.8 4.8 4.8
N 12 11.4 11.4 16.2
A 55 52.4 52.4 68.6
SA 33 31.4 31.4 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 14, My lecturer modeled a useful technique that I will apply to future research/writing tasks. There were 33 students (31.4%) stated Strongly Agree, 55 students (52.4%) stated Agree, 12 students (11.4%) stated Neutral, 5 student (4.8%) Disagree.
Item_15 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 3 2.9 2.9 2.9
N 15 14.3 14.3 17.1
A 52 49.5 49.5 66.7
SA 35 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 15, I learned how to develop my main points when I do my writing task.
There were 35 students (33.3%) stated Strongly Agree, 52 students (49.5%) stated Agree, 15 students (14.3%) stated Neutral, 3 student (2.9%) Disagree.
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Item_16 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 3 2.9 2.9 2.9
N 18 17.1 17.1 20.0
A 53 50.5 50.5 70.5
SA 31 29.5 29.5 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 16, I learned how to develop a research plan when I do my writing task. There were 31 students (29.5%) stated Strongly Agree, 53 students (50.5%) stated Agree, 18 students (17.1%) stated Neutral, 3 student (2.9%) Disagree.
Item_17 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 1 1.0 1.0 1.0
N 17 16.2 16.2 17.1
A 52 49.5 49.5 66.7
SA 35 33.3 33.3 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 17, I know what to do the next time if I receive a similar task. There were 35 students (33.3%) stated Strongly Agree, 52 students (49.5%) stated Agree, 17 students (16.2%) stated Neutral, 1 student (1.0%) Disagree.
Item_18 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid SD 10 9.5 9.5 9.5
D 19 18.1 18.1 27.6
N 34 32.4 32.4 60.0
A 28 26.7 26.7 86.7
SA 14 13.3 13.3 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 18, I left knowing what to do next for this research/writing project.
There were 14 students (13.3%) stated Strongly Agree, 28 students (26.7%) stated
Agree, 34 students (32.4%) stated Neutral, 19 student (18.1%) Disagree, 10 students (9.5) stated Strongly Disagree.
Item_19 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 18 17.1 17.1 19.0
A 47 44.8 44.8 63.8
SA 38 36.2 36.2 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 19, I do more about my writing task in scientific writing class. There were 38 students (36.2%) stated Strongly Agree, 42 students (44.8%) stated Agree, 18 students (17.1%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
Item_20 Result of Questionnaire Analysis Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid D 2 1.9 1.9 1.9
N 18 17.1 17.1 19.0
A 49 46.7 46.7 65.7
SA 36 34.3 34.3 100.0
Total 105 100.0 100.0
Item 20, When I revise my scientific papers, I am confident in finding my spelling and punctuation errors. There were 36 students (34.3%) stated Strongly Agree, 49 students (46.7%) stated Agree, 18 students (17.1%) stated Neutral, 2 student (1.9%) Disagree.
1. Perception of learning materials in scientific writing class
The first category is learning materials in scientific writing class which consists of three themes, namely integrate sources, reserach and writing, and structure. The result of the interval can be seen in the following table 4.4:
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Table 4.4
Student’s Perception in Learning Materials
Theme Interval%
Integrate Sources 90
Research and Writing 89
Structure 86
Table 4.4 shows percentages that 105 respondents of learning materials in scientific writing class in statement 1-11 in the questionnaire. Based on the data, the highest percentage was obtained 90% by integrate sources. So in this theme can be explain that student learn how to integrate source in quoting, paraphrasing and summarizing. Research and writing were second got very good category. It was 89% percentage. In this theme can be explain that student learn more about relationship between research and writing. Also, structure were third got very good category with the result of 86% percentage. In this theme can be explain that student learn about structure of the research paper.
Figures 4.1 Distribution of Learning Materials in Scientific Writing Class.
The chart 4.1 showed percentage that 105 students have interpretation of learning materials in scientific writing class. Based on the data, the highest percentage was obtained 90% by integrate sources. Research and writing was got very good category. It was 89% interval. Structure was got very good category with interval 86% percentage.
2. Percpetion of learning strategies in scientific writing class
The second category is learning strategy in scientific writing class which consits of two themes, namely feedback and technique. The result of learning strategies shown in table 4.5
Tabel 4.5
Student’s Perception in Learning Strategies
Theme Interval%
Feedback 91
Technique 85
90 89 86
Integrate Sources Research and
Writing Structure
Interval% 90 89 86
84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91
Learn ing Ma teria ls
Interval%
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Table 4.5 shows percentages that 105 respondents of learning materials in scientific writing class in statement 12-14 in the questionnaire. Based on the data, the highest percentage was obtained 91% by feedback, in this theme can be explain that student get more knowledge and information when lecturers gives feedback on the learning process. Technique was second got very good category. It was 85% percentage, in this theme can be explain that the lecturer modeled useful technique that can apply to future research/writing task.
Figures 4.2 Distribution of Learning Strategy in Scientific Writing Class.
The chart 4.2 showed percentage that 105 students have interpretation of learning strategy in scientific writing class. Based on the data, the highest percentage was obtained 91% by feedback. Technique was got very good category. It was 85% interval.
91 85
Feedback Technique
Interval% 91 85
82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92
Learn ing Str at egie s
Interval%
3. Perception of writing task in scientific writing class
The third category is writing task in scientific writing class which consists of two themes research plan and review. The result of learning strategies shown in table 4.6.
Tabel 4.6
Student’s Perception in Writing Task
Theme Interval%
Research Plan 81
Review 87
Table 4.6 shows percentages that 105 respondents of learning materials in scientific writing class in statement 15-20 in the questionnaire. Based on the data, the highest percentage was obtained 87% by review, in this theme can be explain that students can develop reserach plan when student do writing task.
Research plan was second got very good category. It was 81% percentage, in this theme can be explain that student get review or revise from lecturer so student can know their spelling and functuation error in writing scientific paper and student learn more writing task in scientific writing class.
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Figures 4.3 Distribution of Writing Task in Scientific Writing Class
The chart 4.2 showed percentage that 105 students have interpretation of learning strategy in scientific writing class. Based on the data, the highest percentage was obtained 81% by research plan. Review was got very good category. It was 87% interval.
81 87
Research Plan Review
Interval% 81 87
78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88