RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Data Presentation
2. The Factors Which Cause the Students to Make Errors
The factors which cause the fifth semester students of English Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma university was obtained from collecting the data of students’ experience. In this case, the researcher used questionnaire to collect the answers. After that the writer analyzed the students’ responses. The presentation of the students’ responses was divided into five criteria based on the aspect of investigation. The first was the students’ perception, the second was the students’ ability the third was the students’ motivation and effort, the fourth was the teaching-learning activities and the last was the time, class and social influences. Each criterion consisted of six numbers. The results were presented as follow.
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Figure 4.1: The Percentage of the Students’ Responses on the First Aspect
Figure 4.1 shows the percentage of the students’ response on the first four different answers, but most of the students agreed with the given statement.
There were 59.65% of the students agreed that conditional sentences were a
figure shows that 64.91% of the students agreed that conditional sentences were confusing. On the fourth item, there were 59.65% of the students who agreed that conditional sentences were complicated. Although most of the students agreed that conditional sentences were difficult, complicated and confusing, they were still interested in learning the. It can be seen from the fourth group of bars that there were 57.89% of the students who agreed and 17.54% of the students who strongly agreed with the given statement. The last item on this first aspect showed that 49.12% of the students were curious to learn conditional sentences topic more because of its many types.
Figure 4.2: The Percentage of the Students’ Responses on the Second Aspect
The second criterion was students’ ability. This criterion was aimed to know the students’ ability in learning conditional sentences. Figure 4.2 shows that
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
7 8 9 10 11 12
percentage of students' responses
item number
strongly disagree disagree
agree
strongly agree
60 most of the students admitted that they have already known conditional sentences before they entered to the university. It can be seen from the figure that 49.12% of the students agreed with the given statement. The result on the next item shows that most of the students faced difficulty in learning conditional sentences because of the differences pattern of conditional sentences in their second language and first language. It can be seen from the Figure 4.2 that there were 43.86% of the students who agreed with the given statement. Although they faced difficulty, there were 49.12% of the students who agreed that they could automatically determine the types and patterns of conditional sentences by looking the question.
In fact, they were still confused in determining the types and patterns. In order to understand conditional sentences well, 50.88% of the students strongly agreed that they need to review it again at home. From Table 4.9 it also can be seen that there were 59.65% of the students who agreed that they could easily understand the types of conditional sentences by only studying class. Yet, there were 45.61% of the students who agreed that they could easily understand conditional sentences by learning them at home themselves. Besides, 45.61% of the students disagreed with that statement.
The third criterion was students’ motivation and effort and it was presented in Figure 4.3. Most of the students had high motivation in learning conditional sentences because they liked the topic. There were 50.87% of the students who agreed that they had high motivation. After that, 57.89% of the students were challenged to learn conditional sentences because they were difficult. There were 61.40% of the students who disagreed that they had no
motivation in learning conditional sentences because the confusing conditional sentences. Beside their motivation above, there were 42.11% of the students who tried to ask to the lecturer when they faced difficulties in learning conditional sentences. Yet, some of the students still had no effort to find other literatures to help them to understand conditional sentences. It can be seen from the Figure 4.3 that there were 42.11% of the students disagreed with the given statement. The next result shows that 63.16% of the students disagreed that they were diligent in learning conditional sentences. That was the reason why the fifth semester students of the English Language Education Study Program faced the problem such as easy to forget and difficult to understand the conditional sentences.
Figure 4.3: The Percentage of the Students’ Responses on the Third Aspect 0
10 20 30 40 50 60 70
13 14 15 16 17 18
percentage of students' responses
item number
strongly disagree disagree
agree
strongly agree
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Figure 4.4: The Percentage of the Students’ Responses on the Fourth Aspect
The next criterion was the teaching-learning activities. There were 64.91%
of the students who agreed with the given statement that the lecturers explained conditional sentences clearly until all students really understood. Then, 63.16% of the students also agreed that they obtained enough examples in learning conditional sentences. Besides, there were 52.63% of the students who also agreed that they obtained enough exercises so they could understand conditional sentences well. Moreover, there were 70.18% of the students who agreed that the lecturers used the appropriate method in explaining conditional sentences. Next, there were 47.37% of the students who also agreed that the facilities given supported the learning conditional sentences. Most students agreed that they had good books that really helped them in learning conditional sentences and they
Figure 4.5: The Percentage of the Students’ Responses on the Fifth Aspect
The last criterion used in the questionnaire was the time, class, and social influences. From Figure 4.5, it can be seen that 59.65% of the students disagreed that the time given to discuss conditional sentences was too short. Some students also agreed that the comparison between the time given and the assignment did not balance and there were 70.18%. Another influence was situation of the classroom and around it. There were 40.35% of the students who agreed that the classroom and situation around it made them comfortable to study conditional sentences. Another statement was that the class gave the opportunity and 64.91%
of the students agreed with that. Achieving success was not only caused by those reasons, but the students also agreed that the time gave the influence in their success. Therefore, there were 56.14% of the students who disagreed that they did not have time to learn conditional sentences again at home. The last was that there
0
64 were 47.37% of the students who admitted that they did not make study group with their friends so they could not share and help each other in learning conditional sentences.
Besides, there were other reasons and problems found from the questionnaire. In the open ended-response part, the participants share their own problems. Those problems can be seen in Table 4.5.
Table 4.5: Students’ Problem
No Problems Frequency Percentage
1 Memorizing 29 50.88
2 Differentitaing 14 24.56
3 Understanding 13 22.81
4 Class influence 2 3.51
5 Practicing 1 1.75
6 Mood 4 7.02
7 Presence 1 1.75
8 No Problem 2 3.51
From Table 4.5, it can be seen that most of the students had problems in memorizing. It can be seen that 50.88% of the students had problem in memorizing. This problem occurred when they were learning conditional sentences and after learning conditional sentences. They were easy to forget after they learnt another topic. After that, there were 24.56% of the students who had problems in differentiating the type and pattern of conditional sentences. They said that they were confused in differentiating the type of conditional sentences.
There were 22.81% of the students who had problem in understanding the type and pattern of conditional sentences. It means that they had not really understood
conditional sentences when they learnt conditional sentences. They needed extra time and clearer explanation in understanding conditional sentences. Another 3.51% of the students said that the class situation influenced their understanding conditional sentences. There were also 1.75% students said that they had problem in learning and understanding conditional sentences because they did not practice in their daily life. Some of them also said that their mood really influenced their learning activities. Some of them said that they were lazy and lack of concentration and there were 7.02%. Next, there were 1.75% of the students who said that they faced difficulties in understanding conditional sentences because they were absence when discussing conditional sentences. Besides, there were also some students who said that they did not have problem in understanding conditional sentences and there were 3.51%.
66 CHAPTER V