Next, there are two indicators which is only incorporated in one lesson plan.
They are the fourth and fifth indicator. The fourth indicator which reads
“Incorporates peer evaluation of others’ collaboration skills”. The following quotation support this findings:
“In lesson plan 2, the students are requested to assess their own friends by providing a peer assessment format.”
The fifth indicator which reads “Includes a statement that indicates group rotation”. As the following quotation illustrate,
“In lesson plan 5, students exchange stories with other groups about expository texts by paying attention to the social function, structure and linguistic features.”
The tenth indicator is “Incorporates the assessment or evaluation of collaboration”. These passages are to support the results:
“In lesson plan 1 and 2, Skills: Performance & discussion observation.”
It is evidenced from the rubric made by the teacher. Rubric is a tool or an instrument for teachers to set assessment criteria for assignments
Aside from those, there are two indicators which are not incorporated in all of the lesson plan: the third indicator which read “Incorporates direct instruction of collaboration skills, including strategies for interacting productively with others, resolving conflicts, and managing task work”, and the sixth indicator is
“Incorporates group activities where students are assigned into specific functional roles”.
In sum, the researcher concluded that all indicators of collaboration skills were not fully implemented in all lesson plans. The first reason was a lack of time in class for learning; in its implementation, many activities were carried out by the teacher to keep the flow of teaching and learning activities. The teacher engaged in a variety of activities such as motivating, perception, and others. The second reason is that teachers did not participate in collaborative learning model training or seminars. As a result, in order to create lesson plans that incorporate all indicators of collaboration skills, teachers must pay particular attention to the indicators of collaboration skills.
To assess the accuracy of the interpretations or conclusions derived from the analysis of teachers' lesson plans, an interview was conducted using face-to-face and telephone calls as additional information sources.
Incorporate Group Activities in Learning
The first interview is about incorporate group activities in learning. two English teachers in this school agreed to answer that they had carried out group learning activities Two English teachers have same point of view about it.
Teacher A stated that discussion group is a kind of higher order thinking skill. As she stated in the interview on Friday, 9th December 2022 below:
“Of course, I incorporate group activities into my learning. For instance, I asked students to discuss the material that was provided.”
Meanwhile, Teacher B stated that in the interview transcript on Monday, 12th December 2022 below:
“Any material that necessitates discussion is always implemented by me.”
Based on the results of the interviews above and the analysis of lesson plans by researcher, it can be concluded that teachers applied group activities to their teaching and learning.
Incorporates Collaborative Grouping Strategy
The second interview is about incorporates collaborative grouping strategy.
Two English teachers in this school, they have same way and answer between teacher A and teacher B in grouping their students in the class.
Teacher A stated that in the interview transcript on Friday, 9th December 2022 below:
“In grouping, I group students based on their attendance list.”
Meanwhile, teacher B stated that in the interview transcript on Monday, 12th December 2022 below:
“I simply base it on their attendance.”
Kinds of Collaborative Learning to Develop Your Students’ Collaboration Skill.
The third interview is about incorporate Kinds of Collaborative Learning to Develop Your Students’ Collaboration Skill. Two English teachers in this school
agreed to answer that they had carried out group learning activities. Two English teachers have same point of view about it.
Teacher A stated that in the interview transcript on Friday, 9th December 2022 below:
“The learning method or model that I use in collaborative learning, in my opinion, varies; it is tailored to the material that I convey.”
Meanwhile, teacher B stated that in the interview transcript on Monday, 12th December 2022 below:
“For myself, I prefer to learn through group discussions.”
Attended a Seminar on Collaborative Learning Methods
Teacher A stated that in the interview transcript on Friday, 9th December 2022 below:
“Personally, I rarely attend seminars. Perhaps because of my limited time.”
Meanwhile, teacher B stated that in the interview transcript on Monday, 12th December 2022 below:
“I rarely go to seminars. It is due to my limited information and time.”
Based on the results of the fourth interview above and the analysis of lesson plans by researcher, it can be concluded that two English teachers rarely attend seminars, so they were not well enough implement collaborative learning models.
Because its application required careful preparation and planning on the part of the teacher. In order for the collaborative learning model to be successful.
Incorporates the Evaluation or Assessment of Collaboration
The fifth interview is about incorporates the evaluation or assessment of collaboration. Two English teachers have different ways to measure the development of students’ collaboration skill. Teacher A stated that in the interview transcript on Friday, 9th December 2022 below:
“To assess collaboration skills, I use an instrument that I obtained from the internet, but from a reputable source.”
Meanwhile, teacher B stated that in the interview transcript on Monday, 12th December 2022 below:
“I personally assess it based on students' cognitive and affective abilities.”
Based on the results of the interviews above and the analysis of lesson plans by researcher, it can be concluded that teachers had not constructed the best of collaborative assessment in their classrooms.