2. CHAPTER 2 THE 2030 SDGs TARGET AND POLICY
2.4. GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
2.4.6. Net ratio of girls to boys (3) higher secondary
2.4.6
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
A Highlight
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION GOAL 4 Quality Education
4.5.1* Net ratio of girls to boys in (1) primary, (2) lower secondary, (3) higher secondary, and (4) tertiary education
• Indonesia’s net ratio of girls to boys in almost all education levels –except primary education, shows higher participation of girls than boys. This figure supported by Ministry of Education and Culture data that shows a higher number of drop-outs in boys where the number of male students who dropped out from the lower and higher secondary education nearly thrice and twice of female drop-outs.
1• Although the data at national level shows a higher prevalence of male dropouts, it is important to observe the pattern at the regional level. At the higher secondary level, the following provinces exhibit a high gap of girls to boys net ratio: West Sumatera (124.15), West Nusa Tenggara (86.18), and Gorontalo (143.63). A more glaring disparity was found at tertiary education where nearly one-third of provinces in Indonesia record net ratio of girls to boys at the range of 120-160.
2• In order to achieve the target of net ratio of girls to boys at nearly 100, the action that will be taken should not be a one-size-fits-all policy. The approach should be locally oriented that derived from observations that take into account dropouts issues across gender and socio-economic condition.
1Ministry of Education and Culture, 2018.
2Statistics Indonesia, 2016.
2.4.7. 4.5.1* Net ratio of girls to boys in (3) higher secondary, and (4) tertiary education
4.5.1* Net ratio of girls to boys in (3) higher secondary, and (4) tertiary education
2.4.7
GO AL 4
Roadmap of SDGs Indonesia 37
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
Strategies
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2020 -2024
Accelerate the implementation of 12 years compulsory education program
• proper education assistance for children at learning ages who come from underprivileged households,
• equal distribution of quality education services between regions,
• helping school-aged children who are not in school to return to school through the revitalization of the retrieval program.
• applying curriculum that provides teaching reinforcement focusing on mathematics, literacy, and science at all levels, and strengthening education in characters, religion, and citizenship;
• reinforcing the implementation of student learning assessments through strengthening the role of teachers for learning assessments in the classroom, as well as utilizing the learning assessment results to improve the learning quality
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2025 -2030
Strategies • proper education assistance for children at learning ageswho come from underprivileged households,
• equal distribution of quality education services between regions,
• helping school-aged children who are not in school to return to school through the revitalization of the retrieval program.
Improve the quality of teaching and learning so that students gain basic skills, the ability to think critically, have personal
values and character to become productive citizens
• applying curriculum that provides teaching reinforcement focusing on mathematics, literacy, and science at all levels, and strengthening education in characters, religion, and citizenship
• reinforcing the implementation of student learning assessments through strengthening the role of teachers for learning assessments in the classroom, as well as utilizing the learning assessment results to improve the learning quality.
Accelerate the implementation of 12 years compulsory
education program Improve the quality of teaching and learning so that students gain basic skills, the ability to think critically, have personal
values and character to become productive citizens Reading Mathematics
Year Intervention Intervention
2016 53.2 22.9
2019 56.2 25.6
2024 61.2 30.1
2030 67.2 35.5
4.1.1* Proportion of children at (a) fourth grade who achieve minimum proficiency
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
A Highlight
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
Strategies
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2020 -2024
Improve the quality of vocational education as well as employment skills education & training
• development of vocational education models that are in line with regional development and driven by partnerships with the local business/industry,
• improving the quality of entrepreneurship education &
training and employment skills
• increasing the number of certification for vocational graduates
• LPTK revitalization,
• structuring the mechanism of new teachers’ appointment and placement,
• equalize teachers distribution within positions, between education units, and between regions;
• strengthening the function of heads of education units and school/madrasah supervisors in conducting the quality assurance of education services.
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2025 -2030
Strategies • development of vocational education models that arein line with regional development and driven by partnerships with the local business/industry,
• improving the quality of entrepreneurship education &
training and employment skills
• increasing the number of certification for vocational graduates
Improve the management quality of teachers and educational staff
• between education units, and between regions;
• strengthening the function of heads of education units and school/madrasah supervisors in conducting the quality assurance of education services.
Improve the quality of vocational education as well
as employment skills education & training Improve the management quality of teachers and educational staff
Reading Mathematics
Year Baseline Intervention Baseline Intervention
2015 45.0 45.0 32.0 32.0
2019 42.8 46.1 26.8 33.6
2024 40.0 48.0 26.0 35.6
2030 36.7 50.0 25.0 38.0
4.1.1* Proportion of adolescent: (c) at ninth grade who achieve minimum proficiency
GO AL 4
Roadmap of SDGs Indonesia 39
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
Strategies
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2020 -2024
Improving the access and quality of early childhood education services
• raising the local governments’ commitment to carry out early childhood education
• quality improvement of early childhood education institutions
• raising the local governments’ commitment to carry out early childhood education
• quality improvement of early childhood education institutions
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2025 -2030
StrategiesImprove the quality of educational equity
Increasing the Education Budget fulfillment
in accordance with the regulations, and improving the Education Budget spending effectiveness, so the budget is optimally used in improving access, quality, relevance, and competitiveness of educational services;
Improving the access and quality of early childhood education services
• strengthening skills training to increase productivity that refers to the regional potential areas of excellence
Improve the quality of educational equity
• strengthening skills training to increase productivity that refers to the regional potential areas of excellence
Year Baseline Intervention
2015 34.50 34.50
2019 42.77 42.77
2024 53.10 53.10
2030 65.51 65.51
4.2.2 (a) Gross enrollment rate, preprimary
Year Baseline Intervention
2015 117.87 117.87
2019 111.01 95
2024 112.13 96
2030 113.01 98
4.5.1* Net ratio of girls to boys in (4) tertiary education
Year Baseline Intervention
2015 77.13 77.13
2019 80.78 80.78
2024 84.02 87.69
2030 86.88 90.55
4.3.1 (a) Gross enrollment rate, higher secondary
Year Baseline Intervention
2015 25.26 25.26
2019 32.85 33.39
2024 38.32 43.86
2030 43.85 60.84
4.3.1 (b) Gross enrollment rate, tertiary
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
A Highlight
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
Strategies
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2020 -2024
Increased quality education services equal distribution
• Educational assistance (Bidik Misi, Adik, PPA)
• Organizing high quality distance education
• Equal distribution of quality among interregional universities through accelerating the accreditation of higher education study programs outside Java
• Improvement of qualified lecturers, among others, through scholarships for post-graduate studies
• Improvement and quality assurance of education
• College and industry partnerships for curriculum alignment, study program development, research and development activities;
• Flexibility in opening and closing study programs to respond to the dynamics of the labor market
Poli cy Di rec tio n 2025 -2030
StrategiesStrengthening the quality of vocational education and training implementation:
• Increased vocational infrastructure facilities according to industry standards and the business sector
• Permit control for the establishment of new vocational education units and study programs that are not in accordance with industry/labor market standards and needs
• Strengthening entrepreneurship in vocational higher education
Development of innovative study programs that suit development and industrial needs
Development of higher education as a center of excellence and development of science and
technology
• Collaboration and inter-university detachment that are level and different
• College clustering in the context of mission differentiation
Strengthening of Autonomy in Higher Education
• Innovative funding schemes for universities through the utilization of private-public partnerships
• Increase the focus and quality of research through simplification and strengthening of the ecosystem of education, research and development
GO AL 4
Roadmap of SDGs Indonesia 41
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
Strategies
Po lic y Dir ec tio n 2020 -2024
Strengthening the vocational competency certification system
▪Strengthening competency certification institutions, and synchronizing existing certification systems in the education sector with the employment sector
Development of innovative study programs that suit development and industrial needs:
• College and industry partnerships for curriculum alignment, study program development, research and development activities;
• Flexibility in opening and closing study programs to respond to the dynamics of the labor market
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
A Highlight
GOAL 4 QUALITY EDUCATION
GO AL 5
Roadmap of SDGs Indonesia 43