CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW
B. Relevant Research
There are several relevant research which deal with the research about picture and picture media in. Relevant research is intended to avoid plagiarism toward the design and finding of the previous researchers. There are several relevant research which has:
First, A research conducted by Situmorang et al., (2019) This study aimed to determine the differences in learning outcomes and convey information to students taught using the Picture and Picture and Inside-Outside Circle learning model on virus material in class X IPA SMA Negeri 2 Siborongborong. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling technique, with 32 students as the first experimental class (I) using the Picture and picture model, and 31 students as the second experimental class (II) using the Inside outside circle model. The data analysis technique used in this research is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The hypothesis testing results using the Independent Sample T-test showed that the student learning outcomes obtained the sig value. 0.029 <0.05, while the ability to convey student information obtained a sig value. 0.031 <0.05. the hypothesis testing reslut show differences in learning outcomes and students’ ability to convey information using the PnP and Inside-Outside Circle learning model on virus material in class X IPA SMA Negeri 2 Siborongborong.
Second, research that conducted by (Hidayatullah, 2022) entitled Improving Students’ Writing Skill in Narrative Text Through PnP Media Based on the results of observations made by collaborators, the percentage of learning implementation at the end of cycles 1 and 2 reached 100%. There was an increase in the percentage of student learning activities in learning activity and learning outcome. Data about the learning activities of class VIII-B students at SMP Ibrahimy 1 Sukorejo Situbondo obtained by observation techniques in cycle 1 and cycle 2, showed that from the activities students payed attention to teacher explanations, payed attention to friends' presentations, students actively asked or answered questions, and discussed in a group, the average percentage of these activities was 44%, while in cycle 2 it is 91%. From the results of the questionnaire, there was an increase of 3%. This was because students already felt helped by the picture and picture method starting from cycle 1. While the significant results were the test results. The average student got a score of 66, or did not pass the passing grade, 70, but in cycle 2 the average student had gotten a score of 74 or passed the passing grade.
Third, Then, (Mahendra, 2020) focused on developing character of disabilities students though PnP models with Sad Dharma Method, this artiles aimed at describing picture and picture model in building the character of diffable student’s effort was to strengthen their character, physiological and psychological i.e. building character for students with a special need. This type of research was descriptive qualitative analysis. The technique of collecting data was conducted through in-depth interviews, direct observation in the learning process and study
documents. The research subject was diffable students in preparation level and objecting to the activity and student’s affective behavior in the learning process.
The result of this research showed the implementation of picture and picture model with Sad Dharma method was yet obtained a good result, proved by almost 67% of students overcome changing behavior, 20% unchanging behavior and 11% of students with apathetic behavior. The model application can be concluded that the level of success on character norm implantation for students with disability, it gave better development, it meant that there was behavior change which needs direction in the beginning in conveying saraswati devotion, tri sandya, praying, berjava and able to do it by themselves and children acts was not interfered by their friends during the learning process.
Fourth, (Royal & Royal, 2018) focused on assess the success of using image and picture models and weaving technique in learning English in Improving writing and speaking skills students, as well as to determine students responses to the use of learning models. The researcher used Classroom Action Researcher (CAR) with Kurt Lewin as a method. The subject in this study were grade 2 elementary school students at the Education and Training Institute Herman (LPLH) Medan. This research was conducte in two cycles where in each cycle given post-test. The results of the post-test are calculated on average and then compared with the result of the pretest which done before the cycle I and II.
Fifth, Sarifah and Apsari, (2020) researched about whether picture and picture technique can improve students’ writing skill. The method used was quantitative research with one group pre-test and post-test research design. The
population was the 11th grade students at SMK Tunas Bangsa. The sample was one class of mechanical engineering major and consisted of 35 students.The result showed that null hypothesis of this study was rejected. It is proved by the data from T-test that shows the Sig. 2 tailed is 0.000. This value is less than 0.05. Null hypothesis, therefore, was rejected. This means that picture and picture could improve students’ writing skill.
Sixth, Putri and Taufina, (2020) researched on improve student’s achievement in learning Social Science by using Cooperative Learning Picture and Picture model. The subject of this research was the teacher and the student of 5th grade at SD Negeri 16 Tanjung Aur Padang. The result of the research shows that there is an implementing and students’ achievement. It can be conclude that Cooperative Learning Picture and Picture model can improve studens’
achievement in learning Social Science of 5th grade.
Seventh, Mohibu and Ismail, (2021) The purpose of this study was to improve students' reading skills using picture and picture media. This research is a Classroom Action Research. The research was conducted in two cycles. The subjects of this study were 23 students in class IX SMP Kristen Idamgamlamo west Halmahera. The data collection techniques in this study were observation and test. While the data analysis techniques were used The results showed that:
The use of picture and picture media can improve students' reading activities. The increase occurred in cycle I is 53,8%. Learning activities were not optimal. The implementation of cycle II is 88,4% causes activity and learning outcomes to be good and increase to a higher level so that it can support quality learning. The
conclusion of this research is to improve reading ability by using picture and picture media in class IX SMP Kristen idamgamlamo Halmahera Barat.
Eight, Nazah (2015: 39) this research entitled Using Cooperative (Picture and Picture) in increasing Students Ability in Mastering Report Text at MAN Manyak Payed Kab. Aceh Tamiang. The researcher used Picture and Picture model in mastering report text which involved two classes of eleventh grade students, namely class experiment and class controls. The result of this study showing that there is the effect of using cooperative Learning by (picture and picture) in increasing students’ report text mastery to the MAN Manyak Payed Kab.Aceh Tamiang.
Ninth, Ryan and Zuhri (2013: 2) this research entitled The Effectiveness of Using Picture Series as Media to Teach Writing Procedure Text for Tenth Graders of SMA Negeri Bandarkedungmulyo Jombang. The objective of this study to find out whether there is significant effect between the students who have been taught writing using picture series and students who have not. The subject of this research was the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri Bandarkedungmulyo Jombang. The researcher used test as the research instrument. The researcher find that picture was easy to use so they could write with picture easily. Writing procedure through picture brought the students to new kind of situation. It would help both the teacher and students to revise the students’ writing and made writing more fun than the way it used to be.
From the text above showed that there were the researches did research focus on differences in learning outcomes and convey information to students
Taught by Using Picture and Picture and Inside-Outside Circle Learning Model on Virus Material, Improving Students’ Writing Skill in Narrative Text Through PnP Media, Developing Character on Disabilities Students Though Picture and Picture Models With Sad Dharma Method, Assess the Success of Using Image and Picture Models and Weaving Technique in Learning English in Improving Writing and Speaking Skills Students, Using Picture and Picture Toward Students’ Improvement on Writing Skills, Improve Student’s Achievement in Learning Social Science by Using Cooporative Learning Picture and Picture Model and last the other researchers did the research entitled Improve Students’
Reading Skill Using Picture and Picture Media.
Based on some previous researches mentioned above, it can be assumed that most of the previous researches focus on students improvement on writing, and students’ achievement on reading. However, the studies are rarely focus on the efect of picture and picture media model cooporative learning on students writing ability of recount text. Therefore, to fill the gap the reseracher is interested to find out the effect of picture and picture media in cooporative learning model on students writing ability of recount text.