Saran - KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN - Efek antihepatotoksik infusa herba mimosa pigra L. terhadap tiku

BAB V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN

B. Saran

Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai :

1. Efek antihepatotoksik infusa herba Mimosa pigra L. dengan senyawa model yang dapat menimbulkan kerusakan hati lebih lama seperti parasetamol dan galaktosamin sehingga dapat dilakukan pemberian ekstrak secara berulang. 2. Efek antihepatotoksik infusa herba Mimosa pigra L. dengan peringkat dosis di

bawah 1,26 g/KgBB untuk mengetahui dosis efektif antihepatotoksik terkecil. 3. Efek antihepatotoksik tanaman Mimosa pigra L. dengan jenis ekstrak yang

berbeda sehingga kandungan antioksidan yang terdapat pada ekstrak menjadi lebih spesifik dan tidak terkontaminasi dengan senyawa lain seperti alkaloid mimosin.

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LAMPIRAN

Lampiran 1. Foto infusa herba Mimosa pigra L.

Lampiran 6. Hasil analisis statistik data ALT dan AST pada uji pendahuluan waktu pencuplikan darah hewan uji setelah induksi karbon tetraklorida 2

mL/kgBB

Descriptives

Waktu Statistic Std. Error aktivitas_SGPT 0 Mean 43.8000 1.39284

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 39.9329 Upper Bound 47.6671 5% Trimmed Mean 43.8889 Median 44.0000 Variance 9.700 Std. Deviation 3.11448 Minimum 39.00 Maximum 47.00 Range 8.00 Interquartile Range 5.50 Skewness -.933 .913 Kurtosis .762 2.000 24 Mean 1.4160E2 12.34747

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 1.0732E2 Upper Bound 1.7588E2 5% Trimmed Mean 1.4078E2 Median 1.2600E2 Variance 762.300 Std. Deviation 2.76098E1 Minimum 117.00 Maximum 181.00 Range 64.00 Interquartile Range 50.00 Skewness .856 .913 Kurtosis -1.448 2.000 48 Mean 56.0000 8.26438

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 33.0544 Upper Bound 78.9456 5% Trimmed Mean 55.6667 Median 51.0000 Variance 341.500 Std. Deviation 1.84797E1 Minimum 36.00 Maximum 82.00 Range 46.00 Interquartile Range 34.50 Skewness .598 .913 Kurtosis -1.001 2.000

72 Mean 40.6000 5.14393 95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 26.3182

Upper Bound 54.8818 5% Trimmed Mean 39.8333 Median 35.0000 Variance 132.300 Std. Deviation 1.15022E1 Minimum 34.00 Maximum 61.00 Range 27.00 Interquartile Range 15.00 Skewness 2.145 .913 Kurtosis 4.648 2.000 Tests of Normality waktu Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. aktivitas_SGPT 0 .199 5 .200* .941 5 .670

24 .314 5 .120 .861 5 .230 48 .207 5 .200* .955 5 .775 72 .389 5 .013 .659 5 .003 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

Kruskal-Wallis Test

Test Statisticsa,b

aktivitas_SGPT Chi-Square 13.274

df 3

Asymp. Sig. .004 a. Kruskal Wallis Test

b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGPT 0 5 3.00 15.00 24 5 8.00 40.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGPT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.611

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGPT 0 5 4.50 22.50 48 5 6.50 32.50 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGPT Mann-Whitney U 7.500 Wilcoxon W 22.500 Z -1.048

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .295 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .310a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGPT 0 5 7.00 35.00 72 5 4.00 20.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGPT Mann-Whitney U 5.000 Wilcoxon W 20.000 Z -1.571

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .116 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .151a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGPT 24 5 8.00 40.00 48 5 3.00 15.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGPT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.611

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGPT 24 5 8.00 40.00 72 5 3.00 15.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGPT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.619

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGPT 48 5 7.20 36.00 72 5 3.80 19.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGPT Mann-Whitney U 4.000 Wilcoxon W 19.000 Z -1.781

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .075 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .095a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Descriptives

waktu Statistic Std. Error

aktivitas_SGOT 0 Mean 1.1620E2 2.17715

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 1.1016E2 Upper Bound 1.2224E2

5% Trimmed Mean 1.1628E2

Median 1.1900E2 Variance 23.700 Std. Deviation 4.86826 Minimum 110.00 Maximum 121.00 Range 11.00 Interquartile Range 9.00 Skewness -.570 .913 Kurtosis -2.564 2.000 24 Mean 4.8980E2 41.19757

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 3.7542E2 Upper Bound 6.0418E2

5% Trimmed Mean 4.8683E2

Median 4.7000E2 Variance 8.486E3 Std. Deviation 9.21206E1 Minimum 400.00 Maximum 633.00 Range 233.00 Interquartile Range 163.50 Skewness 1.051 .913 Kurtosis .732 2.000 48 Mean 1.7900E2 22.71343

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 1.1594E2 Upper Bound 2.4206E2

5% Trimmed Mean 1.7861E2

Median 1.6000E2 Variance 2.580E3 Std. Deviation 5.07888E1 Minimum 120.00 Maximum 245.00 Range 125.00 Interquartile Range 94.50 Skewness .358 .913 Kurtosis -1.657 2.000 72 Mean 95.4000 3.82884

95% Confidence Interval for Mean Lower Bound 84.7694 Upper Bound 1.0603E2

5% Trimmed Mean 95.2778 Median 92.0000 Variance 73.300 Std. Deviation 8.56154 Minimum 87.00 Maximum 106.00 Range 19.00 Interquartile Range 16.50 Skewness .489 .913 Kurtosis -2.707 2.000

Kruskal-Wallis Test

Test Statisticsa,b

aktivitas_SGOT Chi-Square 17.596

df 3

Asymp. Sig. .001 a. Kruskal Wallis Test

b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGOT 0 5 3.00 15.00 24 5 8.00 40.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGOT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.619

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGOT 0 5 3.20 16.00 48 5 7.80 39.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGOT Mann-Whitney U 1.000 Wilcoxon W 16.000 Z -2.410

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .016 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .016a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGOT 0 5 8.00 40.00

72 5 3.00 15.00 Total 10

Test Statisticsb

aktivitas_SGOT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000

Z -2.619

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGOT 24 5 8.00 40.00 48 5 3.00 15.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGOT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.611

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGOT 24 5 8.00 40.00 72 5 3.00 15.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb aktivitas_SGOT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.611

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Ranks

waktu N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks aktivitas_SGOT 48 5 8.00 40.00

72 5 3.00 15.00 Total 10

Test Statistics

aktivitas_SGOT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000

Z -2.611

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a

a. Not corrected for ties. b. Grouping Variable: waktu

Lampiran 7. Hasil analisis statistik data ALT dan AST pada kelompok kontrol

olive oil dosis 2 mL/kgBB

Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error SGPTminyak0 Mean 46.6000 1.96469

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^{Lower Bound}_{Upper Bound} ^41.1452_52.0548 5% Trimmed Mean 46.5000 Median 45.0000 Variance 19.300 Std. Deviation 4.39318 Minimum 42.00 Maximum 53.00 Range 11.00 Interquartile Range 8.00 Skewness .771 .913 Kurtosis -.581 2.000

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. SGPTminyak0 .242 5 .200* .940 5 .665 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error SGPTminyak24 Mean 41.4000 2.99333

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^{Lower Bound}_{Upper Bound} ^33.0892_49.7108 5% Trimmed Mean 41.5000 Median 42.0000 Variance 44.800 Std. Deviation 6.69328 Minimum 32.00 Maximum 49.00 Range 17.00 Interquartile Range 12.50 Skewness -.463 .913 Kurtosis -.697 2.000 Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. SGPTminyak24 .154 5 .200* .977 5 .916 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Pair 1 SGPTminyak0 46.6000 5 4.39318 1.96469

SGPTminyak24 41.4000 5 6.69328 2.99333

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig. Pair 1 SGPTminyak0 & SGPTminyak24 5 -.631 .254

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences

t df Sig.

(2-tailed) Mean Deviation ^Std. ^{Std. Error}Mean

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Pair 1 SGPTminy ak0 - SGPTminy ak24 5.20000 10.05982 4.49889 -7.29092 17.69092 1.156 4 .312

Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error SGOTminyak0 Mean 1.3260E2 7.65898

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^{Lower Bound}_{Upper Bound} ^1.1134E2_1.5386E2 5% Trimmed Mean 1.3183E2 Median 1.2800E2 Variance 293.300 Std. Deviation 1.71260E1 Minimum 117.00 Maximum 162.00 Range 45.00 Interquartile Range 23.50 Skewness 1.767 .913 Kurtosis 3.740 2.000 Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. SGOTminyak0 .383 5 .016 .787 5 .064 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Descriptives

Statistic Std. Error SGOTminyak24 Mean 1.1300E2 4.63681

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^{Lower Bound}_{Upper Bound} ^1.0013E2_1.2587E2 5% Trimmed Mean 1.1261E2 Median 1.1100E2 Variance 107.500 Std. Deviation 1.03682E1 Minimum 103.00 Maximum 130.00 Range 27.00 Interquartile Range 17.00 Skewness 1.379 .913 Kurtosis 2.258 2.000 Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. SGOTminyak24 .262 5 .200* .897 5 .391 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Tests of Normality

Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. SGOTminyak24 .262 5 .200* .897 5 .391 *. This is a lower bound of the true significance.

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean Pair 1 SGOTminyak0 1.3260E2 5 17.12600 7.65898

SGOTminyak24 1.1300E2 5 10.36822 4.63681

Paired Samples Correlations

N Correlation Sig. Pair 1 SGOTminyak0 & SGOTminyak24 5 -.018 .977

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences t df ^{Sig. (2-}tailed) Mean Deviation ^Std. Std. Error Mean 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower Upper Pair 1 SGOT minyak 0 - SGOT minyak 24 1.96000E1 20.18167 9.02552 -5.45886 44.65886 2.172 4 .096

Lampiran 8. Hasil analisis statistik data kontrol minyak zaitun, kontrol CCl4, kontrol ekstrak, kontrol silimarin, dan perlakuan pemberian infusa herba Mimosa

pigra L. dosis 1,26 g/KgBB; 1,89 g/KgBB; dan 2,835 g/KgBB

Descriptives

Kategori Statistic Std. Error SGPT kontrol minyak Mean 41.4000 2.99333

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^Lower_Upper ^33.0892_49.7108 5% Trimmed Mean 41.5000 Median 42.0000 Variance 44.800 Std. Deviation 6.69328 Minimum 32.00 Maximum 49.00 Range 17.00 Interquartile Range 12.50 Skewness -.463 .913 Kurtosis -.697 2.000

kontrol ccl4 Mean 1.4160E2 12.34747 95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^Lower_Upper ^1.0732E2_1.7588E2 5% Trimmed Mean 1.4078E2 Median 1.2600E2 Variance 762.300 Std. Deviation 2.76098E1 Minimum 117.00 Maximum 181.00 Range 64.00 Interquartile Range 50.00 Skewness .856 .913 Kurtosis -1.448 2.000 kontrol ekstrak Mean 39.6000 3.28024

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^Lower_Upper ^30.4926_48.7074 5% Trimmed Mean 39.8333 Median 43.0000 Variance 53.800 Std. Deviation 7.33485 Minimum 29.00 Maximum 46.00 Range 17.00 Interquartile Range 13.50 Skewness -.876 .913 Kurtosis -1.205 2.000 kontrol silimarin Mean 82.8000 7.02424

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^Lower_Upper _1.0230E2^63.2976 5% Trimmed Mean 82.3333 Median 75.0000 Variance 246.700 Std. Deviation 1.57067E1 Minimum 70.00 Maximum 104.00 Range 34.00 Interquartile Range 29.50 Skewness .718 .913 Kurtosis -2.218 2.000 perlakuan dosis I (1,26 g/KgBB) Mean 79.0000 5.74456

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^Lower_Upper ^63.0505_94.9495 5% Trimmed Mean 79.0556 Median 76.0000 Variance 165.000

Std. Deviation 1.28452E1 Minimum 62.00 Maximum 95.00 Range 33.00 Interquartile Range 23.50 Skewness -.047 .913 Kurtosis -.823 2.000 perlakuan dosis II (1,89 g/KgBB) Mean 69.8000 4.31741

95% Confidence Interval for

Mean ^Lower_Upper ^57.8130_81.7870 5% Trimmed Mean 69.6111 Median 68.0000 Variance 93.200 Std. Deviation 9.65401 Minimum 60.00 Maximum 83.00 Range 23.00 Interquartile Range 18.50 Skewness .517 .913 Kurtosis -1.557 2.000 perlakuan dosis III (2,835

g/KgBB) ^Mean_{95% Confidence Interval for} ^1.0160E2 ^5.40925 Mean ^Lower_Upper _1.1662E2^86.5815

5% Trimmed Mean 1.0206E2 Median 1.0200E2 Variance 146.300 Std. Deviation 1.20955E1 Minimum 82.00 Maximum 113.00 Range 31.00 Interquartile Range 20.00 Skewness -1.285 .913 Kurtosis 1.896 2.000 Tests of Normality Kategori Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. SGPT kontrol minyak .154 5 .200* .977 5 .916 kontrol ccl4 .314 5 .120 .861 5 .230 kontrol ekstrak .279 5 .200* .874 5 .282 kontrol silimarin .290 5 .195 .831 5 .141 perlakuan dosis I (1,26 g/KgBB) .192 5 .200* .971 5 .880 perlakuan dosis II (1,89 g/KgBB) .190 5 .200* .935 5 .628 perlakuan dosis III (2,835

g/KgBB) ^.280 ⁵ ^.200^* ^.886 ⁵ ^.340 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Oneway

Test of Homogeneity of Variances

SGPT

Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. 5.151 6 28 .001

ANOVA

SGPT

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 37468.000 6 6244.667 28.909 .000 Within Groups 6048.400 28 216.014

Total 43516.400 34

Kruskal-Wallis Test Test Statisticsa,b

SGPT Chi-Square 29.716

df 6

Asymp. Sig. .000 a. Kruskal Wallis Test b. Grouping Variable: Kategori

Mann-Whitney Test

Ranks

Kategori N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks SGPT kontrol minyak 5 3.00 15.00 kontrol ccl4 5 8.00 40.00 Total 10 Test Statisticsb SGPT Mann-Whitney U .000 Wilcoxon W 15.000 Z -2.611 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .009 Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)] .008a