BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN V.1 Kesimpulan Penelitian
Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan, yaitu:
1. Sintesis CDs dari sampah organik berupa daun mangga, daun glodokan tiang, dan daun palem dengan menggunakan metode radiasi microwave berhasil dilakukan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dari ukuran partikel terukur pada rentang 2 – 30 nm.
2. Sifat optik CDs dapat diketahui, berupa spektrum absorbansi rata-rata pada panjang gelombang 290 – 350 nm, dan emisi pada rentang 450 – 650 nm.
3. Berdasarkan perhitungan band gap, CDs dapat digolongkan sebagai material semikonduktor yang berpotensi digunakan sebagai katalisator dalam proses degradasi metilen biru. Dengan efektifitas degradasi hingga 57,85 % dengan penambahan CDs DMS dibawah radiasi ultraviolet sinar matahari langsung, selama 6 hari ( 4 jam/ hari).
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, Vol. 45, No.1 : 139-150, 2017.
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LAMPIRAN Lampiran A
Alat dan Bahan 1. Alat
Gambar 1. Seperangkat gelas beaker
Gambar 2. Neraca analitik
Gambar 3. Botol reagen
Gambar 4. Kertas saring
Gambar 5. Pipet volum
Gambar 6. Spatula
Gambar 7. Microwave (LG MS2042D; 700 Watt)
Gambar 10. Sentrifuge Gambar 9. Alumuniufoil
Gambar 8. Kuvet
Gambar 11.
Blender
Gambar 12. Spektrometer UV-Vis (Ocean Optic MAYA Pro 2000)
Gambar 13. Personal Computer (PC)
2000)
Gambar 14. Laser Ultraviolet (UV)
2. Bahan
Gambar 15. Aquades Gambar 16. Metilen biru ( )
Gambar 17. Daun glodokan tiang (Polyalthia longifolia)
Gambar 18. Daun manga (Mangifera indica)
Gambar 19. Daun palem (Roystone regia)
Lampiran B
CDs Sebagai Katalisator
1. Metilen Biru Sebelum Penyinaran
Gambar 20. Larutan sebelum penyinaran (a) MB murni (b) MB + CDs DPS (c) MB + CDs DPK (d) MB + CDs DMS (e) MB + CDs DMK (f) MB + CDs DGS
(g) MB + CDs DGK 2. Metilen Biru Setelah Penyinaran
Gambar 21. Larutan setelah penyinaran (a) MB murni (b) MB + CDs DPS (c) MB + CDs DPK (d) MB + CDs DMS (e) MB + CDs DMK (f) MB + CDs DGS
(g) MB + CDs DGK
Lampiran C Analisis Data
5. Karakteristik Optik CDs
Tabel 1. Spektrum absorbansi CDs
No Jenis CDs
Panjang Gelombang Absorbansi
(au)
1 CDs DPS 298,08 – 347,61 323,93 2,240
2 CDs DPK 297,17 – 362,20 330,49 2,642
3 CDs DMS 298,69 – 368,88 348,82 2,418
4 CDs DMK 298,69 – 398,05 382,30 2,601
5 CDs DGS 297,06 – 321,67 307,65 1,863
6 CDs DGK 298,08 – 339,41 318,40 2,427
Keterangan :
= Panjang gelombang absorbansi maksimum
= Intensitas absorbansi maksimum
Tabel 2. Spektrum emisi CDs Jenis CDs
(nm)
(nm) CDs DPS
450-650
524,82
650-700 675,63 719-738 728,41 CDs DPK
CDs DMS 538,00
CDs DMK
524,82 CDs DGS
CDs DGK Keterangan :
= Rentang panjang gelombang emisi
= Panjang gelombang emisi maksimum
= Rentang panjang gelombang klorofil 1
= Panjang gelombang klorofil1 maksimum
= Rentang panjang gelombang klorofil 2
= Panjang gelombang klorofil2 maksimum 6. Band Gap
Tabel 3. Perhitugan band gap
Keterangan :
jenis CDs Energi Gap
( J)
Panjang Gelombang
( nm)
Kostanta Plank
(J.s)
Kecepatan Cahaya (
Eg (eV)
CDs DPS
4,85 4,10
3,03
CDs DPK 4,64 4,29 2,90
CDs DMS 4,78 4,17 2,98
CDs DMK 4,41 4,51 2,75
CDs DGS 5,08 3,91 3,18
CDs DGK 4,83 4,12 3,02
7. Perhitungan Diameter CDs dari data TEM
Gambar 22. Data TEM (a) CDs DMK (b) CDs DMS (c) CDs DGK (d) CDs DGS
CDs DMK
CDs DGS CDs DGK
CDs DMS
Tabel 4. Perhitugan diameter CDs DGK
frekuensi
Diameter Terukur
Panjang Terukur
Panjang Sebenarnya
Diameter Sebenarnya
(m) (m) (nm) (nm)
1 0,006
0,153 100
3,921569
2 0,007 4,575163
1 0,012 7,843137
2 0,017 11,111111
1 0,019 12,418300
1 0,023 15,032680
Diameter Rata-Rata (nm) 9,150327
Tabel 5. Perhitugan diameter CDs DGS
frekuensi
Diameter Terukur
Panjang Terukur
Panjang Sebenarnya
Diameter Sebenarnya
(m) (m) (nm) (nm)
1 0,005
0,163 200
6,134969
1 0,006 7,361963
1 0,007 8,588957
3 0,009 11,042940
1 0,010 12,269940
1 0,012 14,723930
1 0,014 17,177910
Diameter Rata-Rata (nm) 11,042940
Tabel 6. Perhitugan diameter CDs DMS
frekuensi
Diameter Terukur
Panjang Terukur
Panjang Sebenarnya
Diameter Sebenarnya
(m) (m) (nm) (nm)
1 0,005
0,152 500
16,447370
1 0,010 32,894740
1 0,011 36,184210
1 0,012 39,473680
Diameter Rata-Rata (nm) 31,250000
Tabel 7. Perhitugan diameter CDs DMK
frekuensi
Diameter Terukur
Panjang Terukur
Panjang Sebenarnya
Diameter Sebenarnya
(m) (m) (nm) (nm)
1 0,010
0,146 20
1,369863
2 0,012 1,643836
1 0,016 2,191781
1 0,023 3,150685
1 0,026 3,561644
Diameter Rata-Rata (nm) 2,383562
8. Degradasi
Tabel 8. Persentase degradasi
Waktu (4 Jam/ Hari)
Persentase Degradasi % ( )
MB
MB CDs DPS
MB CDs DPK
MB CDs DMS
MB CDs DMK
MB CDs DGS
MB CDs DGK 0 0,00 33,50 24,35 20,25 37,95 35,80 17,15 1 5,40 32,20 22,35 27,70 39,70 42,70 18,00 2 7,70 35,75 30,30 36,40 43,75 42,70 25,85 3 7,85 41,85 30,20 48,85 44,70 45,50 27,55 4 7,80 42,35 29,45 53,20 43,25 46,30 31,00 5 4,15 43,20 29,55 57,55 44,55 44,85 29,55 6 6,15 46,00 34,15 57,85 42,60 45,50 29,00 7 5,15 49,95 41,70 57,80 45,30 44,75 28,80 8 1,30 51,90 42,60 55,30 42,55 45,60 29,35 9 3,40 52,15 45,80 48,30 38,15 44,45 41,10 10 6,55 52,10 47,40 46,90 39,80 44,05 48,40
Tabel 9. Persentase degradasi optimum
No Jenis Larutan Hari Ke-n Persentase Degradasi Optimum (%)
1 MB 3 7,85
2 MB + CDs DPS 9 52,15
3 MB + CDs DPK 10 47,40
4 MB + CDs DMS 6 57,85
5 MB + CDs DMK 7 45,30
6 MB + CDs DGS 4 46,30
7 MB + CDs DGK 10 48,40
LAMPIRAN D Kelengkapan Berkas