BAB VI KESIMPULAN
6.2. Saran
Dengan dilakukannya penelitian Preparasi katalis ZnO/PCH dengan
menggunakan metode microwave dan uji aktivitas pasa konversi sitronelal ini dapat dipergunakan sebagai acuan penelitian selanjutnya terkait dengan hal serupa. Dalam penyempurnaan hasil penelitian ini.
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LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Dokumentasi Penelitian 1. Preparasi ZnO/PCH
Pembuatan larutan bentonit
Preparasi ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10 sebelum gelombang mikro
Sintesis ZnO/PCH dengan metode gelombang mikro
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Hasil sintesis katalis ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10 seletah di panaskan dengan menggunakan oven
Katalis ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnoO/PCH-10 setelah dikalsinasi (600 ºC)
Reaksi siklisasi dengan ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10 menggunakan metode refluks dengan variasi waktu 1 jam, 2 jam dan 3 jam.
Konversi sitronelal dengan katalis ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10 (1 jam, 2 jam dan 3 jam)
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Lampiran 2. Perhitungan Pembuatan Larutan ZnO/PCH 2.1 Pembuatan Larutan Bentonit
Mol bentonit-5 = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒂 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟓 𝒈 𝟓𝟒𝟗,𝟎𝟕 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 9,11 mmol Mol bentonit-10 = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒂 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟏𝟎 𝒈 𝟓𝟒𝟗,𝟎𝟕 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 18,21 mmol Mol CTMA = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒂 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟓 𝒈 𝟑𝟔𝟒,𝟒𝟔 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 13,72 mmol Mol TMAOH = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒂 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟏 𝒈 𝟗𝟏,𝟏𝟓𝟒 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 10,97 mmol 2.2. Pembuatan Larutan Pemilar
Mol Zn-asetat = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒂 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟖,𝟖𝟔 𝒈 𝟐𝟏𝟗,𝟓𝟎 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 40 mmol Diketahui: Ar Zn = 65,39 g/mol % b/b Zn-5 = 0,014 mol x 65,39 g/mol = 0,92 g = 𝟎,𝟗𝟐 𝟓 𝒈 𝑴𝑴𝑻 = 18,4 % b/b % b/b Zn-10 = 0,014 mol x 65,39 g/mol = 0,92 g = 𝟎,𝟗𝟐 𝟏𝟎 𝒈 𝑴𝑴𝑻 = 9,2 % b/b ρ TEOS = 0,94 x 5 ml = 4,7 gram Mol TEOS = 𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔𝒂 𝑴𝒓 = 𝟒,𝟕 𝒈 𝟐𝟎𝟖,𝟑𝟑 𝒈/𝒎𝒐𝒍 = 20 mmol Ar Si = 28,0855 g/mol
% b/b Si-5 = 0,04 mol x 28,0855 g/mol = 0,112 g = 𝟎,𝟏𝟏𝟐 𝒈
𝟓 𝒈 𝑴𝑀𝑻 = 2,24% b/b
% b/b Si-10 = 0,04 mol x 28,0855 g/mol = 0,112 g = 𝟎,𝟏𝟏𝟐 𝒈
Lampiran 3. Hasil karakterisasi ZnO/PCH5 dan Zno/PCH-10 dengan FTIR
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Lampiran 4. Hasil Karakterisasi ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10 dengan XRD 4.1. Hasil Karakterisasi Bentonit Alam
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 In te ns ita s ( cps ) 2 tethe (deg) Montmorillonit
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4.2 Hasil Karakterisasi ZnO/PCH-5
No. 2-theta(deg) d(ang.) Height(cps ) FWHM(de g) Int. I(cps deg) Int. W(deg) Asym . factor 1 8.57266 10.3062 474.534 1.07431 1143.54 2.409817 0.911 064 2 19.81(2) 4.478(5) 1111(96) 1.34(5) 3067(48) 2.8(3) 0.22( 3) 3 22.093(17) 4.020(3) 464(62) 0.27(4) 233(25) 0.50(12) 5.0(1 7) 4 26.705(8) 3.3355(10) 710(77) 0.25(2) 195(19) 0.27(6) 0.9(4) 5 27.87(9) 3.198(10) 295(50) 1.01(11) 326(27) 1.1(3) 1.0(3) 6 35.61(10) 2.519(7) 396(57) 2.54(11) 1266(50) 3.2(6) 0.59( 11) 7 61.69(9) 1.502(2) 230(44) 1.07(8) 263(26) 1.1(3) 0.9(3)
4.3 Hasil Karakterisasi ZnO/PCH-10 No. 2-theta(deg) d(ang.) Height(cps ) FWHM(de g) Int. I(cps deg) Int. W(deg) Asym. factor 1 8.93(9) 9.90(10) 730(78) 1.74(9) 1425(94) 2.0(3) 1.4(3) 2 19.86(2) 4.467(5) 1145(98) 0.68(6) 1297(151) 1.1(2) 0.67(14) 3 22.01(4) 4.034(8) 377(56) 1.3(2) 593(124) 1.6(6) 4.2(8) 4 27.90(14) 3.195(16) 316(51) 2.21(15) 832(62) 2.6(6) 2.0(6) 5 35.41(12) 2.533(8) 334(53) 2.20(12) 869(51) 2.6(6) 0.59(14) 6 61.66(5) 1.5030(11) 240(45) 1.17(8) 348(20) 1.4(4) 1.10(18)
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Lampiran 5. Hasil Karakterisasi ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10 dengan GSA 5.1. Hasil Karakterisasi ZnO/PCH-5
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Lampiran 6. Hasil Analisis GCMS pada konversi sitronelal menjadi isopulegol dengan katalis ZnO/PCH-5 dan ZnO/PCH-10
6.1. Hasil GCMS ZnO/PCH-5 a. ZnO/PCH-5 (1 jam)
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Lampiran 7. Perhitungan Konversi dan Selektivitas Katalis ZnO/PCH % Konversi = (𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓−𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒍 𝒔𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒆𝒍
𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒔𝒕𝒂𝒏𝒅𝒂𝒓 𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒍 ) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% % Selektivitas terhadap isopulegol = ( 𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒊𝒔𝒐𝒑𝒖𝒍𝒆𝒈𝒐𝒍
𝑳𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝒂𝒓𝒆𝒂 𝒕𝑜𝒕𝒂𝒍−𝒍𝒖𝒂𝒔 𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒆𝒍𝒂𝒍) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% 7.1.Katalis ZnO/PCH-5 a. ZnO/PCH-5 (1 jam) % Konversi = (𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟓𝟔−𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟕𝟕𝟏𝟗𝟒 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟓𝟔 ) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 29,27% % Selektivitas = ( 𝟐𝟎𝟓𝟓𝟎𝟔 𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟗𝟕𝟖𝟔𝟕−𝟏𝟔𝟑𝟕𝟕𝟏𝟗𝟒) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 25,04 % b. ZnO/PCH-5 (2 jam) % Konversi = (𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟓𝟔−𝟏𝟓𝟑𝟔𝟏𝟑𝟏𝟑 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟓𝟔 ) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 33,66% % Selektivitas = ( 𝟑𝟏𝟕𝟒𝟓𝟔 𝟏𝟔𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟕𝟎𝟕−𝟏𝟓𝟑6𝟏𝟑𝟏𝟑) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 26,56 % c. ZnO/PCH-5 (3 jam) % Konversi = (𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟓𝟔−𝟏𝟐𝟖𝟕𝟓𝟓𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟓𝟓𝟔𝟓𝟔 ) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 44,40% % Selektivitas = ( 𝟑𝟗𝟎𝟏𝟖𝟖 𝟏𝟒𝟐𝟑𝟑𝟔𝟏𝟖−𝟏𝟐𝟖𝟕𝟓𝟓𝟏𝟎) 𝒙 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 28,73 %
7.2.Katalis ZnO/PCH-10 a. ZnO/PCH-10 (1 jam) % Konversi = (23155656−7822543 23155656 ) 𝑥 100% = 66,22 % % Selektivitas = ( 706519 1096161−7822543) 𝑥 100% = 22,48 % b. ZnO/PCH-10 (2 jam) % Konversi = (23155656−4168355 23155656 ) 𝑥 100% = 82,00% % Selektivitas = ( 979462 7491635−4168335) 𝑥 100% = 29,47 % c. ZnO/PCH-10 (3 jam) % Konversi = (23155656−2334756 23155656 ) 𝑥 100% = 89,92 % % Selektivitas = ( 784243 4915615−2334756) 𝑥 100% = 30,39 %