Banyak hal yang perlu dilanjutkan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik. Aspek-aspek yang belum dianalisis dalam penelitian ini adalah pengaruh ukuran partikel (mesh) grits sorgum yang digunakan, formulasi bahan dengan penambahan bahan baku di luar sorgum untuk memperbaiki cita rasa dan tekstur produk serta pengukuran umur simpan produk.
98
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LAMPIRAN
106
Lampiran 1. Kuesioner uji rating hedonik
Produk : Snack Sorgum Nama :
Tanggal :
Uji Rating Hedonik
Instruksi :
- Cicipi keempat sampel secara berurutan dari kiri ke kanan
- Berikan penilaian sesuai dengan tingkat kesukaan Anda terhadap setiap atribut sampel dengan memberikan nilai berdasarkan intensitas kesukaannya.
- Harap diingat dan diperhatikan bahwa TIDAK BOLEH MEMBANDINGKAN ANTAR SAMPEL
293 471 684 933 Rasa Warna Tekstur Kelengketan di Mulut
1 = sangat tidak suka 3 = netral 5 = sangat suka 2 = tidak suka 4 = suka
107
Lampiran 2. Kurva Standar Asam Askorbat
Konsentrasi (ppm) Absorbansi 300 0.446 240 0.532 180 0.592 120 0.648 60 0.708 9 0.772
Lampiran 3. Data Aktivitas Antioksidan
Perlakuan Ulangan Aktivitas Antioksidan (mg AEAC/g) Rataan ± SD sosoh 411 rpm 1 0.63 0.62±0.0113 2 0.62 sosoh 467 rpm 1 0.60 0.59±0.0198 2 0.57 tidak sosoh 411 rpm 1 0.87 0.85±0.0226 2 0.84 tidak sosoh 467 rpm 1 0.82 0.81±0.0113 2 0.81 y = -0.001x + 0.779 R² = 0.995 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 A b sor b an si Konsentrasi
108
Lampiran 4. Data analisis Water Absorption Index
Perlakuan Ulangan WAI (ml/g) Rataan ± SD
sosoh 411 rpm 1 1.81 1.85±0.0563 2 1.89 sosoh 467 rpm 1 1.11 1.15±0.0537 2 1.19 tidak sosoh 411 rpm 1 3.93 3.89±0.0459 2 3.86 tidak sosoh 467 rpm 1 3.75 3.79±0.0594 2 3.83
Lampiran 5. Data analisis Water Solubility Index
Perlakuan Ulangan WSI (g/2ml) Rataan ± SD
sosoh 411 rpm 1 0.06 0.06±0.0021 2 0.06 sosoh 467 rpm 1 0.07 0.07±0.0017 2 0.07 tidak sosoh 411 rpm 1 0.04 0.04±0.0003 2 0.04 tidak sosoh 467 rpm 1 2 0.04 0.04 0.04±0.0007
Lampiran 6 . Data analisis Kekerasan ekstrudat
Perlakuan Ulangan Kekerasan (Kgf) Rataan ± SD
sosoh 411 rpm 1 2.83 2.83±0.0006 2 2.83 sosoh 467 rpm 1 2.16 2.25±0.0267 2 2.29 tidak sosoh 411 rpm 1 3.32 3.35±0.0415 2 3.38 tidak sosoh 467 rpm 1 3.02 3.08±0.0874 2 3.14
109
Lampiran 7. Data analisis Derajat Gelatinisasi ekstrudat
Perlakuan Ulangan Derajat Gelatinisasi (%) Rataan ± SD
sosoh 411 rpm 1 56.70 56.26±0.6332 2 55.81 sosoh 467 rpm 1 60.10 60.32±0.3077 2 60.54 tidak sosoh 411 rpm 1 44.31 62.36±1.3930 2 42.34 tidak sosoh 467 rpm 1 48.15 47.86±0.4097 2 47.57
Lampiran 8. Data analisis Derajat Pengembangan
Perlakuan Ulangan Derajat Pengembangan (%) Rataan ± SD
sosoh 411 rpm 1 180.28 180.69±0.5893 2 181.11 sosoh 467 rpm 1 193.24 194.91±2.3570 2 196.57 tidak sosoh 411 rpm 1 138.89 137.59±1.8332 2 136.30 tidak sosoh 467 rpm 1 150.09 151.25±1.6368 2 152.41
110
Lampiran 9. Hasil uji ANOVA atribut rasa uji rating hedonik
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: skor
Source
Type III Sum
of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 79,267(a) 32 2,477 6,278 ,000
Intercept 1003,408 1 1003,408 2543,235 ,000 panelis 75,842 29 2,615 6,629 ,000 sampel 3,425 3 1,142 2,894 ,040 Error 34,325 87 ,395 Total 1117,000 120 Corrected Total 113,592 119
a R Squared = ,698 (Adjusted R Squared = ,587) skor Duncan sampel N Subset 1 2 1 tidak sosoh 22 30 2,73 tidak sosoh 25 30 2,73 sosoh 22 30 2,97 2,97 sosoh 25 30 3,13 Sig. ,179 ,307
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares
The error term is Mean Square(Error) = ,395. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 30,000. b Alpha = ,05.
111
Lampiran 10. Hasil uji ANOVA atribut warna uji rating hedonik
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: skor
Source
Type III Sum
of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 42,733(a) 32 1,335 2,546 ,000
Intercept 997,633 1 997,633 1901,989 ,000 panelis 41,367 29 1,426 2,720 ,000 sampel 1,367 3 ,456 ,869 ,461 Error 45,633 87 ,525 Total 1086,000 120 Corrected Total 88,367 119
a R Squared = ,484 (Adjusted R Squared = ,294) skor Duncan sampel N Subset 1 1 tidak sosoh 22 30 2,77 tidak sosoh 25 30 2,80 sosoh 22 30 2,93 sosoh 25 30 3,03 Sig. ,199
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares
The error term is Mean Square(Error) = ,525. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 30,000. b Alpha = ,05.
112
Lampiran 11. Hasil uji ANOVA atribut tekstur uji rating hedonik
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: skor
Source
Type III Sum
of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 57,600(a) 32 1,800 4,092 ,000
Intercept 1442,133 1 1442,133 3278,718 ,000 panelis 51,867 29 1,789 4,066 ,000 sampel 5,733 3 1,911 4,345 ,007 Error 38,267 87 ,440 Total 1538,000 120 Corrected Total 95,867 119
a R Squared = ,601 (Adjusted R Squared = ,454) skor Duncan sampel N Subset 1 2 1 tidak sosoh 22 30 3,10 sosoh 22 30 3,50 sosoh 25 30 3,63 tidak sosoh 25 30 3,63 Sig. 1,000 ,468
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares
The error term is Mean Square(Error) = ,440. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 30,000. b Alpha = ,05.
113
Lampiran 12. Hasil uji ANOVA atribut kelengketan di mulut uji rating hedonik
Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: skor
Source
Type III Sum
of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model 35,867(a) 32 1,121 2,363 ,001
Intercept 1171,875 1 1171,875 2471,092 ,000 panelis 35,375 29 1,220 2,572 ,000 sampel ,492 3 ,164 ,346 ,792 Error 41,258 87 ,474 Total 1249,000 120 Corrected Total 77,125 119
a R Squared = ,465 (Adjusted R Squared = ,268) skor Duncan sampel N Subset 1 1 sosoh 25 30 3,03 sosoh 22 30 3,10 tidak sosoh 25 30 3,17 tidak sosoh 22 30 3,20 Sig. ,401
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Based on Type III Sum of Squares
The error term is Mean Square(Error) = ,474. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 30,000. b Alpha = ,05.
114
Lampiran 13. Grafik Hasil Pengukuran Kekerasan (Hardness) Ekstrudat
Gambar 1. Nilai Kekerasan Ekstrudat Perlakuan Tidak Sosoh 411 rpm
115 Gambar 3. Nilai Kekerasan Ekstrudat Perlakuan Sosoh 411 rpm
116
Lampiran 14. Syarat mutu makanan ringan ekstrudat (SNI 01-2886-2000)
Kriteria Uji Satuan Spesifikasi
1. Keadaan 1.1. Bau Normal 1.2. Rasa Normal 1.3. Warna Normal 2. Air % b/b Maks. 4 3. Kadar Lemak 3.1. Tanpa Proses Penggorengan %b/b Maks. 30 3.2. Dengan Proses penggorengan %b/b Maks. 38
4. Bahan tambahan makanan Sesuai SNI No 01-0222-1995 dan
4.1. Pemanis buatan -
Permenkes No. 722/Menkes/Per/IX/1988
4.2. Pewarna - Tidak boleh ada
5. Silikat (Si) %b/b Maks. 0,1
6. Cemaran logam
6.1. Timbal (Pb) mg/kg Maks. 1,0
6.2. Tembaga (Cu) mg/kg Maks. 10
6.3. Seng (Zn) mg/kg Maks. 40
6.4. Raksa (Hg) mg/kg Maks. 0,05
7. Arsen (As) mg/kg Maks. 0,5
8. Cemaran mikroba
8.1. Angka lempeng total koloni/g Maks. 1,0 x 104
8.2. Kapang koloni/g Maks. 50
8.3. E. Coli APM/g Negatif
Lampiran 15. Informasi nilai gizi snack sorgum terpilih
INFORMASI NILAI GIZI
Takaran saji 1 kemasan (20g) Antioksidan 12.4 mg eqivalen vit C
Jumlah persajian AKG% Karbohidrat 16.45 g 5.48 Lemak 0.57g 0.88 Protein 1.98g 3.96 Total serat 1.13g 4.53 IDF 0.76g SDF 3.16g Ca 4.73mg 0.59 Fe 1.94mg 7.48 Zn 0.23mg 0.23
117
