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PREVALENSI TRICHINELLOSIS PADA BABI DI RUMAH POTONG HEWAN KOTA KUPANG

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR

BOGOR 2014

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN. 2005. Human Parasitology. Elsevier. USA.

[BPS NTT] Biro Pusat Statistik Nusa Tenggara Timur. 2013. Populasi ternak kecil menurut jenis ternak menurut kabupaten/kota, 2013. [18-2-2014]. Available on [http:// www. BPS NTT/ PDF/Techinical%20no.41.pdf]. [diunduh 2014 Mar 18].

Capó V dan Despommier DD. 1996. Clinical aspects of infection with Trichinella spp. : Clin Microbiol Rev. 9: 47–54.

[CDC] Center for Disease Control. 2012. Division of Parasitic Diseases. Trichinosis. Web.http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/. [diunduh 2014 Sept 22].

Chandrawathani P, Premaalatha B, Zaini MZ, Adnan M, Nurul Aini R, Zawida Z, Jamnah O, Premila M, Gajadhar AA, Ramlan M. 2010. Seroprevalence of trichinellosis in pigs in Northern States of Malaysia. Malaysia J of Vet Res. 1: 33-36.

Chomel BB, Kasten R, Adams C, Lambillote D, Theis J, Goldsmith R, Koss J, Chioino C, Widjana DP, Sutisna P. 1993. Serosurvey of some major zoonotic infections in children and teenagers in Bali, Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 24:321-326.

Davies PR, Morrow WEM, Deen J, Gamble HR, Patton S. 1998. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella spiralis in finishing swine raised in different production systems in North Carolina, USA. Prev Vet Med. 36: 67-76.

[DISTANNAKBUNHUT Kota Kupang] Dinas Pertanian Peternakan Perkebunan dan Kehutanan Kota Kupang. 2011. Populasi ternak kecil menurut jenis ternak menurut kabupaten/kota. 2011. [diunduh 2014 Mar 16].

Dupouy-Camet J. 2000. Trichinellosis: a worldwide zoonosis. Vet Parasitol. 93: 191-200.

Dupouy-Camet J. 2006. Trichinellosis: still a concern for Europe. Euro Surveill. 11(1-3)- 5.

Foreyt WJ. 2013. Trichinosis: Reston, Va. US. Geological Survey Circular 1388, 60 p. 2 appendixes, http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/cir1388. [diunduh 2014 Sept 22].

Gajadh AA, Pozio E, Gamble HR, Nöckler K, Maddox-Hyttel C, Forbes LB, Vallée I, Rossi P, Marinculić A, Boireau P. 2009. Trichinella diagnostics and control: Mandatory and best practices for ensuring food safety. Vet Parasitol. 159: 197-205.

Gajadhar AA, dan Gamble HR. 2000. Historical perspectives and current global challenges of Trichinella and trichinellosis. Vet parasitol. 93 : 183-189. Gamble HR. 2011. Status of Trichinella infection in US. commercial pork and its

safety for international trade in pork and pork products. The data presented on Trichinella in US. pigs derive from a variety of sources that include structured USDA-APHIS Swine surveys, USDA-ARS. [diunduh 2014 Jul 14].

Gamble HR, Bush E. 1999. Seroprevalence of Trichinella infection in domestic swine based on the national animal health monitoring system 1990 and 1995 swine surveys. Vet Parasitol. 80: 303-310.

Gamble HR, Brady RC, Bulaga LL, Berthoud CL, Smith WG, Detweiler LA, Miller LE, Lautner EA. 1999. Prevalence and risk association for Trichinella infection in domestic pigs in the northeastern United States. Vet Parasitol. 82: 59-69.

Gamble HR, Bessonov AS, Cuperlovic K, Gajadhar AA, van Knapen F, Nockler K, Schenone H dan Zhu X. 2000. International Commission on Trichinellosis: Recommendations on methods for the control of Trichinella in domestic and wild animals intended for human consumption. Vet Parasitol. 93: 393-408.

Gamble HR, Pozio E, Bruschi F, Nockler K, Kapel CMO dan Gajadhar AA. 2004. International Commission on Trichinellosis: recommendations on the use of serological tests for the detection of Trichinella infection in animals and man. Parasite. 11: 3-13.

Gottstein, Pozio E, Nockler K. 2009. Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 22:127–45.

Gould SE. 1983. Symptomatology,Trichinella and trichinosis. in Campbell, W.C., ed: New York, Plenum Press. p. 269–306.

Harms G, Binz P, Feldmeier H, Zwingenberger K, Scheehauf D, Dewes W, Kress- Hermesdorf I, Klindworth C, dan Bienzle U. 1993. Trichinosis: A prospective controlled study of patients 10 years after acute infection: Clin Infec Dis. 17: 637–643.

Jongwutiwes S, Chantachum N, Kraivichian P, Siriyasatien P, Putaporntip C, Tamburrini A, La Rosa G, Sreesunpasirikul C, Yingyourd P, and Pozio E. 1998. First outbreak of human trichinellosis caused by Trichinella pseudospiralis: Clin Infec Dis. 26: 111–115.

Kaewpitoon N, Kaewpitoon JS, Philasri C, Leksomboon R, Maneenin C, Sirilaph S, Pengsaa P. 2006. Trichinosis: Epidemiology in Thailand. Reviuw.World J Gastroenterol 2006 October 28; 12(40): 6440-6445.www.wjgnet.com World J Gastroenterol ISSN 1007-9327.

Kapel CM. 2001. Silvatik and domestic Trichinella spp. in wild boars; infectivity, muscle larvae distribution, and antibody response. J Parasitol. 87:309-314.

Kapel CMO dan Gamble HR. 2000. Infectivity, persistence, and antibody response to domestic and silvatik Trichinella spp. in experimentally infected pigs. Int J Parasitol. 30: 215-221.

Kijlstra A, Eissen OA, Cornelissen J, Munniksma K, Eijck I, Kortbeek T. 2004. Toxoplasma gondii infection in animal-friendly pig production systems. IVOS. 45: 3165-3169.

Kociecka W. 2000. Trichinellosis: human disease, diagnosis and treatment. Vet Parasitol. 93: 365-383.

Kurup A, Yew WS, San LM, Ang B, Lim S, Tai GK. 2000. Outbreak of suspected trichinosis among travelers returning from a neighboring island. J Travel Med. 7:189-193.

Leiby DA, Duffy CH, Murrell KD, Schad GA. 1990. Trichinella spiralis in an agricultural ecosystem: Transmission in the rat population. J Parasitol. 76 : 360-364.

Liu M dan Boireau P. 2002. Trichinellosis in China: epidemiology and control. Trends Parasitol. 18: 553-556.

Ljungström I, Murrell D, Pozio E dan Wakelin D. 1998. Trichinellosis. in Palmer, S.R. Soulsby L, and Simpson DIH. eds. Zoonoses: Biology, clinical practice, and public health control. 1998. New York (US): Oxford University Pr. p. 789–802.

Meyer RO dan Brendemuhl JH. 2003. Controlling Internal Parasites in Swine. Electronic Data Information Source - UF/IFAS Extension. 01 Apr. 2003. Web. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/an039. [diunduh 2014 Sept 22].

Mulia LY, Arriagab C, Viverosa N, Adameb A, Benitezc E, Pierresd MGE. 1999. Detection of Trichinella infection in slaughter horses by ELISA and western blot analysis. Vet Parasitol. 81: 57-68.

Murrell, KD, Lichtenfels R, Zarlenga D, Pozio E. 2000. The systematics of Trichinella with a key to the species. Vet Parasitol. 93: 293–307.

Murell KD, Pozio E. 2011. Worldwide occurrence and impact of human Trichinellosis, 1986-2009. Emerg Infect Dis. 17(12): 2194–2202.

Natasa M, Suzana, Milena M. 2006. Trichinosis. Acta Fac Med Naiss. Review article. 23. 4: 215-222.

Nockler K, Pozio E, Voigt WP dan Heidrich J. 2000. Detection of Trichinella infection in food animals. Vet Parasitol. 93: 335–350.

Nockler K dan Kapel CMO. 2007. Detection and surveillance for Trichinella: Meat inspection, hygiene and legislation. In, (Dupouy-Camet, J and Murrell, KD, eds.), FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. Rome. hlm 69-97.

Noeckler K, Reckinger S, Anne MS. 2011. Study on the suitability of inactivated Trichinella spiralis for proficiency samples. 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis, Changchun, China. 1st – 6th August, 2011. ICT13 Website: http://www.ict13.org. [diunduh 2014 Jul 2].

[OIE] Office Internationale des Epizooties. 2004. Trichinellosis. In manual for diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 5th Ed. OIE, Paris, Chapter 2.2.9. (web format). [diunduh 2014 Jun 10].

[OIE] Office Internationale des Epizooties. 2008. Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. Chapter 2.1.16 Trichinellosis. http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/mmanual/2008/pdf/.

2.01.16_TRICHINELLOSIS.pdf. [diunduh 2014 Mar 24].

[OIE] Office Internationale des Epizooties. 2012. Terresterial manual. Chapter 2.1.16. Trichinellosis.

Pawlowski ZS. 1983. Clinical aspects in man, Trichinella and trichinosis. in Campbell, WC. ed. New York (US): Plenum Press. hlm 367–402.

[PDE Kota Kupang] Pengolahan Data Elektronik Kota Kupang. 2012. Situs resmi Kota Kupang. Profil Kota Kupang dan Geografi. [diunduh 2014 Mar 8].

Pozio E, La Rosa G, Serrano FJ, Barrat J, Rossi L. 1996. Environmental and human influence on the ecology of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi in western-Europe. Vet Parasitol. 113: 527–533.

Pozio E. 1998. Trichinellosis in the European union: epidemiology, ecology and economic impact. Parasitol. 14 (1):35-8.

Pozio E. 2001. Taxonomy of Trichinella and the epidemiology of infection in the Southeast Asia and Australian Regions.Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 32 (2): 129-132.

Pozio E dan Murrell KD. 2006. Systematics and epidemiology of Trichinella. Adv Parasitol. 63:367-439.

Pozio E. 2007. World distribution of Trichinella spp. Infections in Animals and Humans. Vet Parasitol. 149:3-21.

Pozio E, Hoberg E, Rosa GL, Zarlenga DS. 2009. Molecular taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of nematodes belonging to the Trichinella genus. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 9: 606–616.

Pyburn DG, Gamble HR, Wagstrom EA, Anderson LA, Miller LE. 2005. Trichinae certification in the United States pork industry. Vet Parasitol. 5: 132(1-2):179-183.

Radua Blaga, Lilianab I, Zoltanc P, Calin G, Pascala B, Benjamind R. 2011. Differences in the prevalence of Trichinella sp. in domesticated and wild boar influence the public-health consequences of insensitivity of diagnosis by trichinelloscopy: a census survey in an endemic region of Romania. 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis, Changchun, China. 1st – 6th August, 2011. ICT13 Website: http://www.ict13.org. [diunduh 2014 Jul 2]. Sapkota BS, Hörchner F, Srikitjakarn L, Kyule MN, Baumann MPO, Nöckler

K. 2006. Seroprevalence of Trichinella in slaughter pigs in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health vol 37 no (6) : 1078-1082.

Takahashi Y, Mingyuan L dan Waikagul J. 2000. Epidemiology of trichinellosis in Asia and the Pacific Rim. Vet Parasitol. 93: 227–239.

[UPT RPH Oeba Kupang] Unit Pelaksana Teknis Rumah Potong Hewan Oeba Kupang. 2013. Jumlah pemotongan babi di RPH Oeba periode Juli s/d Oktober 2013.

Urquhart GM, Armour J, Duncan JL, Dunn AM, Jenings FW. 1996. Veterinary Parasitology. 2nd ed. London (GB): Blackwell Science.

Van Knapen F. 2000. Control of trichinellosis by inspection and farm management practices. Vet Parasitol. 93: 385–392.

Wakelin D, Denham DA. 1983. The immune response. In Campbell WC (ed.). Trichinella and trichinosis. Plenum Press, New York (US) : 265–308.

Wang ZQ, Cui J dan Xu BL. 2006. The epidemiology of human trichinellosis in China during 2000-2003. Acta trop. 97: 247-251.

Wang, ZQ, Cui J dan Shen LJ. 2007. The epidemiology of animal trichinellosis in China. Vet J. 173: 391-398.

Watt G, Saisorn S, Jongsakul K, Sakolvaree Y, Chaicumpa W. 2000. Blinden, Placebo-controlled trial of antiparasitic drugs for trichinosis myositis. J Infect Dis. 182: 371-374.

Webster P, Meddox-Hyttel C, Nöckler K, Malakauskas lL, van der ciessen J, Pozio E, Boireau P, Kapel CMO. 2006. Meat inspection for Trichinella in pork, horsemeat and gamewithin the EU: available technology and its present implementation. Euro Surveill. 11: 50-55.

Zarlenga DS. 2006. An old genus learns new tricks: late tertiary colonization and speciation of Trichinella nematodes among Eutheria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103:7354-7359.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN. 2005. Human Parasitology. Elsevier. USA.

[BPS NTT] Biro Pusat Statistik Nusa Tenggara Timur. 2013. Populasi ternak kecil menurut jenis ternak menurut kabupaten/kota, 2013. [18-2-2014]. Available on [http:// www. BPS NTT/ PDF/Techinical%20no.41.pdf]. [diunduh 2014 Mar 18].

Capó V dan Despommier DD. 1996. Clinical aspects of infection with Trichinella spp. : Clin Microbiol Rev. 9: 47–54.

[CDC] Center for Disease Control. 2012. Division of Parasitic Diseases. Trichinosis. Web.http://www.cdc.gov/parasites/trichinellosis/. [diunduh 2014 Sept 22].

Chandrawathani P, Premaalatha B, Zaini MZ, Adnan M, Nurul Aini R, Zawida Z, Jamnah O, Premila M, Gajadhar AA, Ramlan M. 2010. Seroprevalence of trichinellosis in pigs in Northern States of Malaysia. Malaysia J of Vet Res. 1: 33-36.

Chomel BB, Kasten R, Adams C, Lambillote D, Theis J, Goldsmith R, Koss J, Chioino C, Widjana DP, Sutisna P. 1993. Serosurvey of some major zoonotic infections in children and teenagers in Bali, Indonesia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 24:321-326.

Davies PR, Morrow WEM, Deen J, Gamble HR, Patton S. 1998. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Trichinella spiralis in finishing swine raised in different production systems in North Carolina, USA. Prev Vet Med. 36: 67-76.

[DISTANNAKBUNHUT Kota Kupang] Dinas Pertanian Peternakan Perkebunan dan Kehutanan Kota Kupang. 2011. Populasi ternak kecil menurut jenis ternak menurut kabupaten/kota. 2011. [diunduh 2014 Mar 16].

Dupouy-Camet J. 2000. Trichinellosis: a worldwide zoonosis. Vet Parasitol. 93: 191-200.

Dupouy-Camet J. 2006. Trichinellosis: still a concern for Europe. Euro Surveill. 11(1-3)- 5.

Foreyt WJ. 2013. Trichinosis: Reston, Va. US. Geological Survey Circular 1388, 60 p. 2 appendixes, http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/cir1388. [diunduh 2014 Sept 22].

Gajadh AA, Pozio E, Gamble HR, Nöckler K, Maddox-Hyttel C, Forbes LB, Vallée I, Rossi P, Marinculić A, Boireau P. 2009. Trichinella diagnostics and control: Mandatory and best practices for ensuring food safety. Vet Parasitol. 159: 197-205.

Gajadhar AA, dan Gamble HR. 2000. Historical perspectives and current global challenges of Trichinella and trichinellosis. Vet parasitol. 93 : 183-189. Gamble HR. 2011. Status of Trichinella infection in US. commercial pork and its

safety for international trade in pork and pork products. The data presented on Trichinella in US. pigs derive from a variety of sources that include structured USDA-APHIS Swine surveys, USDA-ARS. [diunduh 2014 Jul 14].

Gamble HR, Bush E. 1999. Seroprevalence of Trichinella infection in domestic swine based on the national animal health monitoring system 1990 and 1995 swine surveys. Vet Parasitol. 80: 303-310.

Gamble HR, Brady RC, Bulaga LL, Berthoud CL, Smith WG, Detweiler LA, Miller LE, Lautner EA. 1999. Prevalence and risk association for Trichinella infection in domestic pigs in the northeastern United States. Vet Parasitol. 82: 59-69.

Gamble HR, Bessonov AS, Cuperlovic K, Gajadhar AA, van Knapen F, Nockler K, Schenone H dan Zhu X. 2000. International Commission on Trichinellosis: Recommendations on methods for the control of Trichinella in domestic and wild animals intended for human consumption. Vet Parasitol. 93: 393-408.

Gamble HR, Pozio E, Bruschi F, Nockler K, Kapel CMO dan Gajadhar AA. 2004. International Commission on Trichinellosis: recommendations on the use of serological tests for the detection of Trichinella infection in animals and man. Parasite. 11: 3-13.

Gottstein, Pozio E, Nockler K. 2009. Epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and control of trichinellosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 22:127–45.

Gould SE. 1983. Symptomatology,Trichinella and trichinosis. in Campbell, W.C., ed: New York, Plenum Press. p. 269–306.

Harms G, Binz P, Feldmeier H, Zwingenberger K, Scheehauf D, Dewes W, Kress- Hermesdorf I, Klindworth C, dan Bienzle U. 1993. Trichinosis: A prospective controlled study of patients 10 years after acute infection: Clin Infec Dis. 17: 637–643.

Jongwutiwes S, Chantachum N, Kraivichian P, Siriyasatien P, Putaporntip C, Tamburrini A, La Rosa G, Sreesunpasirikul C, Yingyourd P, and Pozio E. 1998. First outbreak of human trichinellosis caused by Trichinella pseudospiralis: Clin Infec Dis. 26: 111–115.

Kaewpitoon N, Kaewpitoon JS, Philasri C, Leksomboon R, Maneenin C, Sirilaph S, Pengsaa P. 2006. Trichinosis: Epidemiology in Thailand. Reviuw.World J Gastroenterol 2006 October 28; 12(40): 6440-6445.www.wjgnet.com World J Gastroenterol ISSN 1007-9327.

Kapel CM. 2001. Silvatik and domestic Trichinella spp. in wild boars; infectivity, muscle larvae distribution, and antibody response. J Parasitol. 87:309-314.

Kapel CMO dan Gamble HR. 2000. Infectivity, persistence, and antibody response to domestic and silvatik Trichinella spp. in experimentally infected pigs. Int J Parasitol. 30: 215-221.

Kijlstra A, Eissen OA, Cornelissen J, Munniksma K, Eijck I, Kortbeek T. 2004. Toxoplasma gondii infection in animal-friendly pig production systems. IVOS. 45: 3165-3169.

Kociecka W. 2000. Trichinellosis: human disease, diagnosis and treatment. Vet Parasitol. 93: 365-383.

Kurup A, Yew WS, San LM, Ang B, Lim S, Tai GK. 2000. Outbreak of suspected trichinosis among travelers returning from a neighboring island. J Travel Med. 7:189-193.

Leiby DA, Duffy CH, Murrell KD, Schad GA. 1990. Trichinella spiralis in an agricultural ecosystem: Transmission in the rat population. J Parasitol. 76 : 360-364.

Liu M dan Boireau P. 2002. Trichinellosis in China: epidemiology and control. Trends Parasitol. 18: 553-556.

Ljungström I, Murrell D, Pozio E dan Wakelin D. 1998. Trichinellosis. in Palmer, S.R. Soulsby L, and Simpson DIH. eds. Zoonoses: Biology, clinical practice, and public health control. 1998. New York (US): Oxford University Pr. p. 789–802.

Meyer RO dan Brendemuhl JH. 2003. Controlling Internal Parasites in Swine. Electronic Data Information Source - UF/IFAS Extension. 01 Apr. 2003. Web. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/an039. [diunduh 2014 Sept 22].

Mulia LY, Arriagab C, Viverosa N, Adameb A, Benitezc E, Pierresd MGE. 1999. Detection of Trichinella infection in slaughter horses by ELISA and western blot analysis. Vet Parasitol. 81: 57-68.

Murrell, KD, Lichtenfels R, Zarlenga D, Pozio E. 2000. The systematics of Trichinella with a key to the species. Vet Parasitol. 93: 293–307.

Murell KD, Pozio E. 2011. Worldwide occurrence and impact of human Trichinellosis, 1986-2009. Emerg Infect Dis. 17(12): 2194–2202.

Natasa M, Suzana, Milena M. 2006. Trichinosis. Acta Fac Med Naiss. Review article. 23. 4: 215-222.

Nockler K, Pozio E, Voigt WP dan Heidrich J. 2000. Detection of Trichinella infection in food animals. Vet Parasitol. 93: 335–350.

Nockler K dan Kapel CMO. 2007. Detection and surveillance for Trichinella: Meat inspection, hygiene and legislation. In, (Dupouy-Camet, J and Murrell, KD, eds.), FAO/WHO/OIE Guidelines for the surveillance, management, prevention and control of trichinellosis. Rome. hlm 69-97.

Noeckler K, Reckinger S, Anne MS. 2011. Study on the suitability of inactivated Trichinella spiralis for proficiency samples. 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis, Changchun, China. 1st – 6th August, 2011. ICT13 Website: http://www.ict13.org. [diunduh 2014 Jul 2].

[OIE] Office Internationale des Epizooties. 2004. Trichinellosis. In manual for diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 5th Ed. OIE, Paris, Chapter 2.2.9. (web format). [diunduh 2014 Jun 10].

[OIE] Office Internationale des Epizooties. 2008. Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals. Chapter 2.1.16 Trichinellosis. http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/mmanual/2008/pdf/.

2.01.16_TRICHINELLOSIS.pdf. [diunduh 2014 Mar 24].

[OIE] Office Internationale des Epizooties. 2012. Terresterial manual. Chapter 2.1.16. Trichinellosis.

Pawlowski ZS. 1983. Clinical aspects in man, Trichinella and trichinosis. in Campbell, WC. ed. New York (US): Plenum Press. hlm 367–402.

[PDE Kota Kupang] Pengolahan Data Elektronik Kota Kupang. 2012. Situs resmi Kota Kupang. Profil Kota Kupang dan Geografi. [diunduh 2014 Mar 8].

Pozio E, La Rosa G, Serrano FJ, Barrat J, Rossi L. 1996. Environmental and human influence on the ecology of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella britovi in western-Europe. Vet Parasitol. 113: 527–533.

Pozio E. 1998. Trichinellosis in the European union: epidemiology, ecology and economic impact. Parasitol. 14 (1):35-8.

Pozio E. 2001. Taxonomy of Trichinella and the epidemiology of infection in the Southeast Asia and Australian Regions.Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 32 (2): 129-132.

Pozio E dan Murrell KD. 2006. Systematics and epidemiology of Trichinella. Adv Parasitol. 63:367-439.

Pozio E. 2007. World distribution of Trichinella spp. Infections in Animals and Humans. Vet Parasitol. 149:3-21.

Pozio E, Hoberg E, Rosa GL, Zarlenga DS. 2009. Molecular taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of nematodes belonging to the Trichinella genus. Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 9: 606–616.

Pyburn DG, Gamble HR, Wagstrom EA, Anderson LA, Miller LE. 2005. Trichinae certification in the United States pork industry. Vet Parasitol. 5: 132(1-2):179-183.

Radua Blaga, Lilianab I, Zoltanc P, Calin G, Pascala B, Benjamind R. 2011. Differences in the prevalence of Trichinella sp. in domesticated and wild boar influence the public-health consequences of insensitivity of diagnosis by trichinelloscopy: a census survey in an endemic region of Romania. 13th International Conference on Trichinellosis, Changchun, China. 1st – 6th August, 2011. ICT13 Website: http://www.ict13.org. [diunduh 2014 Jul 2]. Sapkota BS, Hörchner F, Srikitjakarn L, Kyule MN, Baumann MPO, Nöckler

K. 2006. Seroprevalence of Trichinella in slaughter pigs in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health vol 37 no (6) : 1078-1082.

Takahashi Y, Mingyuan L dan Waikagul J. 2000. Epidemiology of trichinellosis in Asia and the Pacific Rim. Vet Parasitol. 93: 227–239.

[UPT RPH Oeba Kupang] Unit Pelaksana Teknis Rumah Potong Hewan Oeba Kupang. 2013. Jumlah pemotongan babi di RPH Oeba periode Juli s/d Oktober 2013.

Urquhart GM, Armour J, Duncan JL, Dunn AM, Jenings FW. 1996. Veterinary Parasitology. 2nd ed. London (GB): Blackwell Science.

Van Knapen F. 2000. Control of trichinellosis by inspection and farm management practices. Vet Parasitol. 93: 385–392.

Wakelin D, Denham DA. 1983. The immune response. In Campbell WC (ed.). Trichinella and trichinosis. Plenum Press, New York (US) : 265–308.

Wang ZQ, Cui J dan Xu BL. 2006. The epidemiology of human trichinellosis in China during 2000-2003. Acta trop. 97: 247-251.

Wang, ZQ, Cui J dan Shen LJ. 2007. The epidemiology of animal trichinellosis in China. Vet J. 173: 391-398.

Watt G, Saisorn S, Jongsakul K, Sakolvaree Y, Chaicumpa W. 2000. Blinden, Placebo-controlled trial of antiparasitic drugs for trichinosis myositis. J Infect Dis. 182: 371-374.

Webster P, Meddox-Hyttel C, Nöckler K, Malakauskas lL, van der ciessen J, Pozio E, Boireau P, Kapel CMO. 2006. Meat inspection for Trichinella in pork, horsemeat and gamewithin the EU: available technology and its present implementation. Euro Surveill. 11: 50-55.

Zarlenga DS. 2006. An old genus learns new tricks: late tertiary colonization and speciation of Trichinella nematodes among Eutheria. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103:7354-7359.

Lampiran 1 Daftar isian kuisioner responden

Penelitian :

PREVALENSI TRICHINELLOSIS PADA BABI DI RUMAH POTONG HEWAN KOTA KUPANG PROVINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

No .

Enumerator

Kuisioner pada peternak babi

Tanggal Selamat pagi/siang/sore

Perkenankan saya, drh. Andrijanto Hauferson Angi, M.Si, mahasiswa

Pascasarjana Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner (KMV) IPB. Saat ini akan melaksanakan penelitian dalam rangka penyusunan disertasi. Mohon berkenan

Bapak/Ibu untuk dapat melakukan wawancara mengenai Prevalensi trichinellosis

pada babi di Rumah Potong Hewan Kota Kupang Provinsi Nusa Tenggara

Timur. Informasi yang Bapak/Ibu berikan akan sangat membantu saya dalam

penyelesaikan tugas akhir perkuliahan saya.

Untuk itu saya mohon kesediaan Bapak/Ibu untuk bersedia menjadi informan (responden) sesuai dengan kondisi peternakan babi yang Bapak/Ibu miliki atau kelola. Untuk kenyamanan Bapak/Ibu semua data yang terkumpul hanya digunakan untuk keperluan pendidikan saja.

Demikian permohonan ini, atas bantuannya diucapkan terima kasih.

1. Data peternak babi

1.1 Identitas responden

Identitas sumber informasi kunci

Nama responden : Jenis Kelamin : L/P Umur : Alamat : -Kecamtan : -Kelurahan/Desa : No. Telp/HP :

Populasi ternak babi : ……….. ekor

1.2 Karakteristik responden (berilah tanda “ V “ pada kolom yang dianggap paling

sesuai)

1.2.1 Pendidikan

□ Tidak sekolah / tidak lulus SD

□ Lulus SD

□ Lulus SMP

□ Lulus SMA

□ Sarjana / Pascasarjana

1.2.2 Lama usaha peternakan babi

□ 0-2 tahun

□ 2- 3 tahun

□ 3-5 tahun

□ Lebih dari 5 tahun

1.2.3 Jumlah orang yang terlibat dalam usaha peternakan babi

□ < 5 orang

□ 5- 10 orang

□ > 10 orang

2 Aspek manajemen pemeliharaan dan pencegahan penyakit parasit

1.3 Keadaan ternak babi

1.3.4 Jenis babi atau ras babi yang dipelihara

□ Ras lokal

□ Ras Eksotik

□ Ras campuran

□ Berbagai tipe ras

1.3.5 Asal ternak babi atau bibit babi (Jawaban boleh lebih dari satu)

□ Peternakan komersial di daerah NTT

□ Peternakan komersial di luar NTT

□ Peternakan tradisional / peternak rumahan

□ Pasar hewan

□ Lainnya, sebutkan : ………

1.3.6 Jenis bahan pakan yang diberikan (jawaban boleh lebih dari satu)

□ Pakan komersial

□ Hasil pengolahan sendiri (pakan produksi sendiri)

□ Pakan sisa makanan rumahan atau restoran atau limbah pasar atau rumah

potong hewan

□ Lainnya, sebutkan : ………..

1.3.7 Jika pakan sisa makanan rumahan atau restoran atau hotel atau limbah pasar atau

rumah potong hewan yang diberikan, bagaimana cara pemberiannya ke babi?

□ Dimasak terlebih dahulu sebelum diberikan

□ Tidak dimasak dan langsung diberikan

□ Dicampur dengan pakan lainnya tampa dimasak

□ Lainnya, sebutkan : ……….

1.4 Manajemen kesehatan

1.4.8 Lokasi pemeliharaan babi

□ Di dalam kandang

□ Di dalam rumah

□ Dilepas di luar kandang

□ Lainnya, sebutkan : ………..

1.4.9 Jika di dalam kandang, bagaimana kondisi kandangnya ?

□ Kandang permanan dari semen beton

□ Kandang semi permanen berbahan kayu

□ Kandang umbaran dengan batas wilayah tertentu

□ Lainnya, sebutkan : ……….

1.4.10 Jika di dalam kandang, bagaimana pengaturan pemeliharaan babinya (jawaban

boleh lebih dari satu)

□ Pemisahan pemeliharaan menurut umur dan jenis kelamin

□ Dicampur tanpa pemisahan menurut umur dan jenis kelamin

1.4.11 Apakah memelihara hewan lain selain babi ?

□ Ya

□ Tidak

1.4.12 Jika jawaban diatas “ Ya” , bagaimana sistem pemeliharaannya ?

□ Di Gabung dalam satu kandang

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