• Tidak ada hasil yang ditemukan

C. Nilai Haugh Unit (HU)

V. SIMPULAN

Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah pemberian P-tersedia 0,5% dengan suplementasi fitase 500 FTU/kg pada ransum puyuh petelur dapat mempertahankan kualitas fisik telur puyuh. Penuruna P tersedia pada aras 0,4% dengan suplementasi enzim fitase 750 FTU/kg menurunkan ketebalan kerabang dan persentase kerabang telur puyuh.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Amin M., D. Jusadi dan I. Mokoginta. 2011. Penggunaan enzim fitase untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan fosfor dari sumber bahan nabati pakan dan pertumbuhan ikan lele (Clarias sp). Jurnal Saintek Perikanan. 6:52-60. Anggorodi, H. R. 1979. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Umum. P.T. Gramedia Pustaka

Utama, Jakarta.

Anselme, P. 2006. Considerations on the Use of Microbial Phytase. CEFIC. Inorganic Feed Phosphates, Brussels.

Applegate, T. J. and R. Angel. 2004. Phytase: Basic of Enzyme Function. Farm Animal Management at Purdue. Department of Animal Science. Purdue University, West Lafayette.

Cabuk, M., M. Bozkurt, F. Kırkpınar and H. Ozkul. 2004. Effect of phytase supplementation of diets with different levels of phosphorus on performance and egg quality of laying hens in hot climatic conditions. South African Journal of Animal Science. 34: 13-17.

Englmaierová, M., V. Skřivanová and M. Skřivan. 2014. The effect of non -phytate phosphorus and phytase levels on performance, egg and tibia quality, and pH of the digestive tract in hens fed higher-calcium-content diets. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 59 (3): 107–115

Gordon, R. W. And D. A. Sr. Roland. 1998.Ifluence Of Supplemental Phytase On Calcium And Phosporus Utilization In Laying Hens. Poultry Science. 77: 290-294.

Hartadi, H., S. Reksohadiprojo dan A. D. Tillman. 1994. Tabel Komposisi Pakan untuk Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.

Hartono, T. 2004. Permasalahan Burung Puyuh dan Solusinya. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.

ISA. 2009. Hisex Nutrition Management Guide. A Hendrix Genetik Company. Institut de Sélection Animale B.V., Netherlands.

Lantzsch, H. J. 1990. Untersuchungen uber ernahrungsphysiologische effekte des phytats bei monogastriern. Ubers. Tierernahr. 18:197-212.

Lim H. S., H. Namkung and I. K. Paik. 2001 Effect of Fiber and Phytate Source and of Calcium and Phosphorus Level on Phytate Hydrolysis in the Chick1. Poultry Science. Volume 63: 333–338.

Lim H. S., H. Namkung and I. K. Paik. 2003. Effects of phytase supplementations on the performance, egg quality and phosphorous excreation of laying hens fed different levels of dietary calcium and nonphytate phosphorous. Poulty Science.82:92-9.

Listiyowati, E dan K. Roospitasari. 2004. Puyuh Tata Laksana Budidaya Secara Komersial. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta

Listiyowati, E dan K. Roospitasari. 2009. Beternak Puyuh secara Komersial. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.

Maenz, D. D. 2005. Enzymatic characteristic of phytases as they relate to their use in animal feeds. In: Enzyme in Animal Nutrition. (Ed. M. R. Bedford dan G. G. Partridge). CABI Pub. United Kingdom. pp: 61-84.

McCleary. 2005. Analysis of feed enzymes. In: Enzyme in Animal Nutrition. (Ed. M. R. Bedford dan G. G. Partridge). CAB International Publishing, United Kingdom. pp: 85-108.

National Research Council. 1994.Nutrient Requirement of Poultry. Ninth Revised Edition. National Academic Press, Washinton DC.

Nesheim, M.C., R. E. Autic and L. E. Card. 1979. Poultry Productin. 12th Ed. Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.

North, M. O. and D. D. Bell. 1992. Commercial Chicken Production Manual. Van Nostrand Reinhold. New York.

Nuhriawangsa, A. M. P., Sajidan, Z. Bachruddin dan A. Wibowo. 2010. Produksi Pakan Tambahan yang Mengandung Fitase dari Bakteri Rekombinan untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pakan dan Daging Ayam Broiler. Laporan Penelitian Hibah Bersaing. Fakultas Pertanian. UNS. Surakarta.

Panda, A. K., S. V. R. Rao, M. V. L. N. Raju, S. S. Gajula and S. K. Bhanja. 2007. Performance of broiler chicken fed low non phytate phosphorous diets supplemented with microbial phytase. The Journal of Poultry Science. 44:258-264.

Piliang, W.G. 2002. Nutrisi Mineral. Edisi V. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor. Rasyaf, M. 2000. Beternak Ayam Pedaging. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.

Ravidran, V., A. J. Cowieson and P. H. Selle. 2008. Influence of dietary electrolyte balance and microbial phytase on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and excreta quality of broiler chickens. Poultry Science. 87:677-688.

Roland, Sr. D. A., D. R. Sloan and R. H. Harms. 1978. The ability of hens to maintain calcium deposition in the egg shell and egg yolk as the hen ages. Poultry Science 54: 1720-1723.

Romasta. 2003. Studi pemberian empat campuran minyak ikan hiu, dedak gandum kasar dan eceng gondok (Eichhornia crassipes) terhadap kualitas telur burung puyuh (Cortunix coturnix japonica). Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.

Sajidan, A. Ratriyanto dan A. M. P. Nuhriawangsa. 2004. Pengaruh bakteri penghasil fitase pada pakan campuran wheat pollard terhadap performan ayam broiler. Buletin Peternakan. 28:105-114.

Sariyska, M. V., S. A. Gargova, L. A. Koleva and A. I. Angelov. 2005. Aspergillus niger phytase: Purification and characterization. Journal Biotechnology. 19:98-105.

Selle, P. H., A. J. Cowieson and V. Ravindran. 2003. Consequences of calcium interactions with phytate and phytase for poultry and pigs. Livestock Science. 124: 126-141.

Setiyatwan H. 2007. Suplementasi fitase, seng, dan tembaga dalam ransum sebagai stimulan pertumbuhan dan status mineral pada ayam broiler. [Disertasi]. Bogor. Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Sharifi, M. R., M. Shams Shargh, S. Hassani, H. Senobar and S. Jenabi. 2012. The

effects of dietary nonphytate phosphorus levels and phytase on laying performance and egg quality parameters of Japanese quails (Coturnix

coturnix japonica). Arch Geflugelk. 76: 13-19.

Shin, S., N. C Ha, B, C .Oh, T. K. Oh and B. H. Oh. 2001. Enzyme mechanism and catalytic property of Propeller phitase. Structure. 9: 851-858.

Singh, P. K. 2008. Significance of phytic acid and supplemental phytase in chicken nutrition.World's Poultry Science Journal. 64:553-580.

Stadelman. W. J and O. J Cotteril, 1977. Egg Science and Technology. Fourt Ed. Food Product Press. An Imprint of the Haworth. Press. Inc. New York. London.

Standard Nasional Indonesia. 2006. Pakan Puyuh Petelur (Quail Layer). Badan Standardisasi Nasional, Jakarta.

Subekti, E dan D. Hastuti. 2013. Budidaya puyuh (coturnix coturnix japonica ) di pekarangan sebagai sumber protein hewani dan penambah income keluarga. Mediagro. 9:1-10.

Suprijatna, E., S. Kismiati, & N. R. Furi. 2005. Penampilan produksi dan kualitas telur pada puyuh (Coturnix-coturnix japonica) yang memperoleh ransum protein rendah disuplementasi enzim komersial. J. Indonesia. Trop. Anim. Agric. 33 (1): 68.

Traylor, S. L., G. L. Cromwell, M.D. Lindermann And D. A. Kuabe. 2001. Effect Of Levels Of Suplemental Phitase On Ileal Digestibility Of Amino Acid, Calcium And Phosporus In Dehulled Soybean Meal For Growing Pigs. Journal Of Animal Science. 79: 2634-2642.

Vilchez, C., S. P. Touchburn, E.R. Chavez, and P. C. Laque. 1992. Research Note : Eggshell quality in japanese quail fed different fatty acids. Poultry Sci. 71: 1568 – 1571.

Viveros, A., A. Brenes, I. Arija And C. Centeno. 2002. Effects of microbial phytase suplementation on mineral utilization and serum enzyme activities in broiler chicksfed different levels of phosphorus. Poult. Sci. 81: 11721183.

Widowati, S. D., E. Riyanti, P. Raharto dan L. Sukarno. 2001. Karakter fitase dari

Bacillus coagulans. Dalam: Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian Rintisan

dan Bioteknologi Tanaman. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Peranian, Bogor. hal. 245-255.

Yang, Z. B., Z. Y. Huang, J. P. Zhou, W. R. Yang, S. Z. Jiang and G. G. Zhang. 2009. Effects of a new recombinant phytase on performance and mineral utilization of laying ducks fed phosphorus-deficient diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research.18:284-291.

Yitnosumarto, S. 1993. Percobaan Perancangan, Analisis dan Interprestasinya. P.T. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Yogyakarta.

Yuwanta, T. 2004. Dasar Ternak Unggas. Kanisius, Yogyakarta.

Yuwanta, T. 2010. Telur dan Kualitas Telur. Cetakan ke-1. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.

Lampiran 1. Hasil Analisis Variansi Tebal Kerabang

The SAS System 05:55 Friday, January 2, 2009 1 The GLM Procedure

Class Level Information Class Levels Values perlk 4 P0 P1 P2 P3

Number of Observations Read 24 Number of Observations Used 24

The SAS System 05:55 Friday, January 2, 2009 2 The GLM Procedure

Dependent Variable: tblkrb tblkrb Sum of

Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F

Model 3 0.00086117 0.00028706 6.06 0.0042 Error 20 0.00094685 0.00004734

Corrected Total 23 0.00180802

R-Square Coeff Var Root MSE tblkrb Mean 0.476307 2.741140 0.006881 0.251012

Source DF Type I SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.00086117 0.00028706 6.06 0.0042 Source DF Type III SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.00086117 0.00028706 6.06 0.0042 The SAS System 05:55 Friday, January 2, 2009 3

The GLM Procedure

Levene's Test for Homogeneity of tblkrb Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean

Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 1.896E-8 6.319E-9 2.42 0.0959 Error 20 5.216E-8 2.608E-9

Welch's ANOVA for tblkrb Source DF F Value Pr > F perlk 3.0000 4.48 0.0282 Error 10.7461

The SAS System 05:55 Friday, January 2, 2009 4 The GLM Procedure

Level of ---tblkrb--- perlk N Mean Std Dev P0 6 0.25873810 0.01016814 P1 6 0.25297619 0.00500773 P2 6 0.24210317 0.00659687 P3 6 0.25023016 0.00416926

The SAS System 05:55 Friday, January 2, 2009 5 The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for tblkrb

NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error

rate.

Alpha 0.05

Error Degrees of Freedom 20 Error Mean Square 0.000047

Number of Means 2 3 4 Critical Range .008287 .008698 .008960

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping Mean N perlk A 0.258738 6 P0 A A 0.252976 6 P1 A B A 0.250230 6 P3 B B 0.242103 6 P2

Lampiran 2. Hasil Analisis Varians Persentase Tebal kerabang The SAS System 06:13 Friday, January 2, 2009 1 The GLM Procedure

Class Level Information Class Levels Values perlk 4 P0 P1 P2 P3

Number of Observations Read 24 Number of Observations Used 24

The SAS System 06:13 Friday, January 2, 2009 2 The GLM Procedure

Dependent Variable: prokrb prokrb Sum of

Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 3 0.43598348 0.14532783 3.69 0.0290 Error 20 0.78693751 0.03934688

R-Square Coeff Var Root MSE prokrb Mean 0.356510 2.366157 0.198360 8.383234

Source DF Type I SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.43598348 0.14532783 3.69 0.0290

Source DF Type III SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.43598348 0.14532783 3.69 0.0290 The SAS System 06:13 Friday, January 2, 2009 3 The GLM Procedure

Levene's Test for Homogeneity of prokrb Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean

Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.00291 0.000970 0.84 0.4889 Error 20 0.0231 0.00116

Welch's ANOVA for prokrb Source DF F Value Pr > F perlk 3.0000 4.18 0.0335 Error 10.9422

The SAS System 06:13 Friday, January 2, 2009 4 The GLM Procedure

Level of ---prokrb--- perlk N Mean Std Dev P0 6 8.54110322 0.14702993 P1 6 8.45873512 0.20095936 P2 6 8.18049683 0.19146697 P3 6 8.35259998 0.24233332

The SAS System 06:13 Friday, January 2, 2009 5 The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for prokrb

NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error

rate.

Alpha 0.05

Error Degrees of Freedom 20 Error Mean Square 0.039347

Number of Means 2 3 4 Critical Range .2389 .2508 .2583

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping Mean N perlk A 8.5411 6 P0 A A 8.4587 6 P1 A B A 8.3526 6 P3 B B 8.1805 6 P2

Lampiran 3. Hasil Analisis Varians Indeks Putih Telur

The SAS System 07:23 Thursday, January 2, 2009 1 The GLM Procedure

Class Level Information Class Levels Values perlk 4 P0 P1 P2 P3

Number of Observations Read 24 Number of Observations Used 24

The SAS System 07:23 Thursday, January 2, 2009 2 The GLM Procedure

Dependent Variable: inalb inalb Sum of

Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 3 0.09535013 0.03178338 1.00 0.4152 Error 20 0.63850283 0.03192514

Corrected Total 23 0.73385296

R-Square Coeff Var Root MSE inalb Mean 0.129931 126.0872 0.178676 0.141708

Source DF Type I SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.09535013 0.03178338 1.00 0.4152

Source DF Type III SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.09535013 0.03178338 1.00 0.4152 The SAS System 07:23 Thursday, January 2, 2009 3 The GLM Procedure

Levene's Test for Homogeneity of inalb Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean

Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 0.0509 0.0170 1.56 0.2298 Error 20 0.2171 0.0109

Welch's ANOVA for inalb Source DF F Value Pr > F

perlk 3.0000 1.33 0.3169 Error 10.4774

The SAS System 07:23 Thursday, January 2, 2009 4 The GLM Procedure

Level of ---inalb--- perlk N Mean Std Dev P0 6 0.10633333 0.00450185 P1 6 0.10233333 0.00417931 P2 6 0.25083333 0.35722453 P3 6 0.10733333 0.00731209

The SAS System 07:23 Thursday, January 2, 2009 5 The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for inalb

NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error

rate.

Alpha 0.05

Error Degrees of Freedom 20 Error Mean Square 0.031925

Number of Means 2 3 4 Critical Range .2152 .2259 .2327

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping Mean N perlk A 0.2508 6 P2

A

A 0.1073 6 P3 A

A

A 0.1023 6 P1

Lampiran 4. Hasil Analisis Varians Nilai Haugh Unit (HU)

The SAS System 10:04 Thursday, March 15, 2016 1 The GLM Procedure

Class Level Information Class Levels Values perlk 4 P0 P1 P2 P3

Number of Observations Read 24 Number of Observations Used 24

The SAS System 10:04 Thursday, March 15, 2016 2 The GLM Procedure

Dependent Variable: HU HU Sum of

Source DF Squares Mean Square F Value Pr > F Model 3 10.28207183 3.42735728 4.16 0.0192 Error 20 16.46541331 0.82327067

Corrected Total 23 26.74748515

R-Square Coeff Var Root MSE HU Mean 0.384413 0.910059 0.907343 99.70156

Source DF Type I SS Mean Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 10.28207183 3.42735728 4.16 0.0192

perlk 3 10.28207183 3.42735728 4.16 0.0192 The SAS System 10:04 Thursday, March 15, 2016 3 The GLM Procedure

Levene's Test for Homogeneity of HU Variance ANOVA of Squared Deviations from Group Means Sum of Mean

Source DF Squares Square F Value Pr > F perlk 3 1.4789 0.4930 0.53 0.6666 Error 20 18.5889 0.9294

Welch's ANOVA for HU Source DF F Value Pr > F perlk 3.0000 3.87 0.0415 Error 10.8854

The SAS System 10:04 Thursday, March 15, 2016 4 The GLM Procedure

Level of ---HU--- perlk N Mean Std Dev P0 6 99.780092 1.11629905 P1 6 98.867170 0.93137486 P2 6 99.477135 0.63976971 P3 6 100.681835 0.87760735

The SAS System 10:04 Thursday, March 15, 2016 5 The GLM Procedure

Duncan's Multiple Range Test for HU

NOTE: This test controls the Type I comparisonwise error rate, not the experimentwise error

Alpha 0.05

Error Degrees of Freedom 20 Error Mean Square 0.823271

Number of Means 2 3 4 Critical Range 1.093 1.147 1.182

Means with the same letter are not significantly different.

Duncan Grouping Mean N perlk A 100.6818 6 P3 A B A 99.7801 6 P0 B B 99.4771 6 P2 B B 98.8672 6 P1

Lampiran 5. Ucapan Terima Kasih

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH

Skripsi berjudul Pengaruh Penurunan P Tersedia yang mendapat Suplementasi Fitase dalam Ransum terhadap Kualitas Fisik Telur Puyuh

(Coturnix coturnix japonica) merupakan bagian penelitian dari :

Nama Dosen : Dr. Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriawangsa, S. Pt., M. P. Dr. sc. agr. Adi Ratriyanto, S. Pt., M. P.

Rysca Indreswari, S. Pt., M. Si. Winny Swastike, S. Pt., M. P.

Judul Penelitian : Aplikasi Fitase untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Pakan dan Produksi Puyuh Petelur dengan Limbah Ramah Lingkungan Skema Penelitian : Hibah Penelitian Strategis Nasional

Tahun : 2014

Sumber Dana : DP2M DIKTI

Nomor Kontrak : 499/UN27.11/PL/2014

Penulis mengucapkan terima kasih atas kesempatan yang diberikan untuk melaksanakan penelitian tersebut.

Surakarta, Juni 2018 Penulis

Nofia Putri C H0511049

Dokumen terkait