CV of Diisopropylamine + Diethylamine mixture with Paracetamol

Figures 4.123-4.124 show the comparison of CV and DPV at second scan of potential of paracetamol in presence of diisopropylamine, diethylamine and the mixture of diisopropylamine + diethylamine of pH 7 at GC electrode. The cyclic voltammogram of 2 mM paracetamol + 150 mM diisopropylamine shows the appeared anodic peaks at

- 0.05 V and 0.33 V and appeared cathodic peaks at ^- 0.15 V and -0.03 V. The CV of paracetamol (2 mM) in the presence of diethylamine (150 mM) (blue line) in the second

scan of potential at the same condition shows two appeared anodic peaks at -0.05 V and 0.30 V and two appeared cathodic peaks at -0.18 V and -0.05 V (Figure 4.123). Red line shows the CV of paracetamol in presence of diisopropylamine ⁺ diethylamine mixture at the same condition. In the mixture two appeared anodic peaks obtained at -0.05 V and 0.44 V. The appeared anodic and cathodic peak current of mixture is lower than that of paracetamol-diethylamine and paracetamol-diisopropylamine.

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< C00NnN0N00

-

_

N- tQ\

I en

I

.0 00 4

4 4

— N fl ^cC C N (fl 'l ^'r ".0 .fl N. 00 00 O\

00 N "zr 0" 'fl 'fl 0 'fl 00 fl

.0 ¹10 '-.0 'fl 'f) kn tfl (fi kn Ir

r' L

'-.0 '-.0 '-.0 '.0

00 00N-ooN-

'-0 '0 '-.0 '-.0 '-.0 '-.0

Cl) fl cC cC 'fl ^tfl

> cCNC Lfl 1

M 0'-. 00 N rn 0' It Ifi 00 ^IT

00 o0o

CL

-'flN00'.0

00 00 N 0\ 00 \0 en

Nr N- r

cCN-\0000\cC0',NN

I I I I I I I I I I

00 00 N- 00 0". '.0 C' '.0 00 00

'fl C' 'fl C' 'fl C' NNenrlrI

C'C'cCC'C'C'C'C'C'C'I

N

0 C)

V D

o 0 Va)

—

a)

OQ

Cl)

0C

.⁰ a) N

a)

cis

a)

to -- 1_

•^C a)

cz

cri Cq

0 ^.-

- 0

C 4- 4-.

c1_ .•

- C)

— C)

'r c cn ^tr s c'i ^—

Ns 0

00e1•cDn00

—-r

—I C I I

t! 't 0 '.0 N

cN 0'.0Lfl'.0

n en en en en

cNNNNr CS-N en

0000N00

o _I o _I o _I o

I o _I 0 _I o _I o _I o _I o _I

0000000000

'.n 0 0 ^'.r 0 ^kr 0

CD NN

0000000000 IN

I

kn C—

60 40 20

0

-20

-0.8 -0.3 0.2 0.7 1.2

Ely vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.1: Cyclic voltammogram of only 2mM paracetamol of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1V/s in buffer solution (pH 7) (1st cycle)

30

—only diethylamine 20

10

41

-10

-20 4-

-0.4 0.1 0.6 1.1

EN vs Ag1AgCI

Fig. 4.2: Cyclic voltammogram of only 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1V/s in buffer solution (pH 7) (1st cycle)

r

50

30

10

-10

-30

0.1 0.6 1.1

ElVvs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.3: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of only 2mM paracetamol, only 150mM diethylamine, 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.IV/s in buffer solution (pH 7) (1st cycle), A3= oxidation peak, C1 and C2= Appeared reduction peaks, C3= reduction peak

50

—only paracetamol

—only diethylamine A3

Kill —paracetamol ⁺

diethyleamine

I

10

Al

-10

Cl -30

-0.4 0.1 0.6 11

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.4: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of only 2mM paracetamol, only 150mM diethylamine and 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s in buffer solution (pH 7) (2'' cycle), A1 and A2= appeared oxidation peaks

51

3

-1

-30 I

-04 0 0.4 0.8 1.2

EN

vs Ag!AgCI

Fig. 4.5: Cyclic voltammogram of first 15 cycles of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s in buffer solution (pH 7)

125 100 75

;::; -a- 50

25 0 -25

-0.4 0.1 0.6 1.1

EN vs AgIAgCI

Fig. 4.6: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of different pH (3, 5, 7 and 9) of 2mM paracetamol ⁺ 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1V/s (1St cycle)

- 95

65

—

35

pH3 pH5 pH7 pH9

A3

5

C3

-25 ¹ I

-0.5 0 0.5 1

E/V vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.7: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of different pH (3, 5, 7 and 9) of 2mM paracetamol ⁺ 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s (2w' cycle)

1

60

50

40

30

2 4 6 8 10

pH

Fig. 4.8: Plots of peak current (In) versus pH (3, 5, 7 and 9) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s (2w' cycle)

20

10 ^-O-A2

0

LZ-O\

-10

2 4 6 8 10

pH

Fig. 4.9: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus pH (3, 5, 7 and 9) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1V/s (2'' cycle)

1.8 1.3

0.8

w

0.3 -0.2 -0.7

y=-O.0415x+O.8415

2 4 6 8 10

pH

Fig. 4.10: Plots of peak potential (Er) versus pH (3, 5, 7 and 9) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.IV/s (1st cycle)

V

1.2

I <>A3J

0.8

y = -0.037x + 0.832

o ^I

2 4 6 8 10

pH

Fig. 4.11: Plots of peak potential (Er) versus pH (3, 5, 7 and 9) of 2mM paracetamol +

150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s (2' d cycle)

100

60

20

-20

—0.05V/s —O.1V/s A3

0.2V/s —0.3Vfs

—O.4V/s —0.5V/s

/

CI 'C2

-60 ⁱ I

-0.4 0 0.4 0.8

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.12: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at different scan rate in buffer solution (pH 7) (1st cycle)

w

—0.05V/s —O.1V/s 0.2V/s —0.3V/s

—0.4V/s —O.SV/s

100 80 60 40 20 0

-20 -40

-';n

MW . ~~- ~ffil

O

F& T- -:-

A3

1

-0.4 0.1 0.6 1.1

Ely vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.13: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode at different scan rate (2w' cycle) in buffer solution (pH 7)

110

80

<50

:1

0

- 20

-10

-40 ^{I I}

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

v112IV112 s 112

Fig. 4.14: Plots of peak current (Ia) versus square root of scan rate (v') of 2mM paracetamol ⁺ 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at 1S1 cycle, A3= oxidation peak, C1 = Appeared reduction peak and C2= reduction peak

60 30

a

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

v112 /V1I2s'I2

Fig. 4.15: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v1/2) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at 2nd cycle (A2= Appeared oxidation peak, A3= 31( oxidation peak, C2= Appeared reduction peak and C3= ^3id reduction peak)

0.9 0.7 0.5

m

0.3 0.1 -0.1

0 0.2 0.4 0.6

4.8

3.8 m (5 (N

2.8

1.8 v/Vs 1

Fig. 4.1 6:Variation of peak current ratio of corresponding peak (I/I 3 ) and anodic peak (I/I) versus scan rate (v) of 150mM diethylamine + 2mM paracetamol in buffer solution (pH 7) of GC electrode (2nd cycle)

130

N IMF

k

90

70

0 0.2 vNs 1 ^{0.4 0.6}

Fig. 4.17: Plots of current function (I/v) versus scan rate (v) of 150mM diethylamine +

2mM paracetamol of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at oxidation peak A3

8(

6C

C -20

-401 ^I

-0.5 0 0.5 1 15

EN vs Ag/AgCl

Fig. 4.18: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine at GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 3) at different scan rate (1st cycle)

IN

II 100

80 60 40 20 0

-20 -40

-0.4 ^{. .} •

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.19: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 3) at different scan rate (2 cycle)

100

A3 80

-0.05V/s -0.1 V/s

60 ^{0.2V/s -0.3Vfs}

V/s -0.5V/s

40 20 0 -20

-401 ^I

-0.4 0.1 0.6 1.1

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.20: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 5) at different scan rate (1St cycle)

- 80

-0.05V/s -0.1 V/s 60 0.2V/s -0.3VIs -0.4V/s -0.5V/s 40

: 20

-20 -40

-0.4 0.1 0.6 1.1

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.21: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (1H ⁵⁾ at different scan rate (2' cycle)

9i

5

-31

-70 ^I I I

-0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.6 1

EN vs Ag/AgCl

Fig. 4.22: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 9) at different scan rate (1st cycle)

90

50

:1 10

-30

-70

-0.6 -0.2 0.2 0.6

EN vs Ag/AgC

Fig. 4.23: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 9) at different scan rate (211d cycle)

130 90

- 50

a.

10 -30 -70

>A3DC3j

0 0.2 0.4 0.6

Fig. 4.24: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v') of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 3) (1st cycle) FM

130

90

50

cA3 oC3

- 10

-30

-70

0 0.2 0.4

Fig. 4.25: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 3) (2 nd cycle)

130

90

50 10 -30 -70

A33

0 0.2 0.4 0.6

Fig. 4.26: Plots of peak current (In) versus square root of scan rate (v) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 5) at different scan rate (1St cycle)

130

90

50

3C3

10

-30

-70

0 0.2 0.4 0.6

Fig. 4.27: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v112) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 5) at different scan rate (2fld cycle)

130 90

. 50 10 -30 -70

LA3 C3

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6

Fig. 4.28: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v) of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine at GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 9) at different

-4- scan rate (1St cycle)

120

100 -005V/s -0.1V/s 0. 2V/s -0. 3V/s ,A3 80

-0.4V/s -0.5VIs 60

40 A2

A -20

-40 C3

Cl C2

-60 ^{I I}

-0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.9 1.4

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.31: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 100mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (çH 7) at different scan rate (2 cycle)

A fl

•1 U

90 60 30

-30

-005V/s —o 1V!s -02V/s -03V/s -04V/s -05V/s

C3

A3

-60 I

-0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.4 0.7 1 1.3

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.32: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 200mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at different scan rate (1st cycle)

-q

90

60 30 :1.

0 -30 -60

-0.5

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.33: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 200mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at different scan rate (2 nd cycle)

'V

-005V/s

—o

^{1VIs A3}

110 -0.2V/s

—o

^3V/s

-DAV/s -05V!s 60

:1 10

-40 ^C3

-90

-0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.9 1.4

EN Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.34: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 250mM diethylamine of GC

-4 electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at different scan rate (15t cycle)

< 30 :1

-20

-70! I

-0.6 -0.1 0.4 0.9 1.4

EN Ag/AgCJ

Fig. 4.35: Cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 250mM Diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at different scan rate (21W

cycle)

80

50

20

-10

-40! I

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Fig. 4.36: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v"2) of 2mM paracetamol + 100mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) (1st cycle)

70

50

U0

10

-10

-30

[0A2 oA3t

L

0.1 0.3 0.5 0.7

Fig. 4.37: Plots of peak current (li,) versus square root of scan rate (v112) of 2mM paracetamol ⁺ 100mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) (2 cycle)

70

40

10

-20

-50

cC^:

00 0

0 00

0.2 0.4

T T

v112N112s 112

Fig. 4.38: Plots of peak current (In) versus square root of scan rate (v') of 2mM paracetamol + 200mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) (1st cycle)

40

20

oA-

-°- 0

-20

El -40

0.2 0.4 0.6

T

Fig. 4.39: Plots of peak current (In) versus square root of scan rate (v"2) of 2mM paracetamol + 200mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) (2Rd cycle)

-01

80

50

20

-10

-40

0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8

Fig. 4.40: Plots of peak current (In) versus square root of scan rate (v"2) of 2mM paracetamol + 250mM diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at different scan rate (1St cycle)

-

70

50

.

³⁰

10

-10

-30

IAA2 0A31 C3 oC2

D

0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8

Fig. 4.41: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus square root of scan rate (v') of 2mM paracetamol + 250mM diethylamine at GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at different

40. scan rate (2nd cycle)

50

30

- 10 -10

-30

-0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.8 1.3

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.42: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of fixed 2mM paracetamol + different

-4 concentration (100, 150, 200 and 250mM) of diethylamine of GC electrode in buffer solution (pH 7) at scan rate 0.1V/s (1st cycle)

3C

- IC

-Ic

-30? ¹

-0.7 -0.2 0.3 0.8 1.3

EN vs AgfAgCI

Fig. 4.43: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of fixed 2mM paracetamol + different concentration (100, 150, 200, 250mM) of diethylamine of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s in buffer solution (pH 7) (2'' cycle)

10.

A21

5

-5?

80 130 180 230 280

C/mM

Fig. 4.44: Plots of peak current (Is,) versus different concentrations (C) (100, 150, 200 and 250mM) of diethylamine + 2mM paracetamol (fixed) of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s in buffer solution (pH 7) (2 nd cycle)

5(

::L

0

F.

-I

1'

20C

I 6C

.I.

Ll

I I

C/mM

Fig. 4.47: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus different concentration (C) (2, 4, 6, 8mM) of paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine (fixed) of GC electrode (21u cycle) at scan rate 0.1 V/s in buffer solution (pH 7)

I I

C/mM

Fig. 4.48: Plots of peak current (Ii,) versus different concentration (C) (2, 4, 6, 8mM) of paracetamol ⁺ 150mM diethylamine (fixed) of GC electrode at scan rate 0.1 V/s (2' cycle) in buffer solution (pH 7) for appeared peak (A2)

7

51

3(

-1 (

-30 1 1 ^I I

-0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.5 0.8 1.1

EN vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.49: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol + 150mM diethylamine of different electrode (GC, Au, Pt) at scan rate 0.1V/s (1st

cycle) in buffer solution (pH 7), A3= oxidation peak, C3= reduction peak

50

30

10

-Ia

-301 I I

-0.4 -0.1 0.2 05 0.8 1.1

Ely vs Ag/AgCI

Fig. 4.50: Comparison of cyclic voltammogram of 2mM paracetamol ₊ 150mM diethylamine of different electrode (GC, Au, Pt) at scan rate 0.1 V/s (2nd cycle) in buffer solution (pH 7), A2= appeared oxidation peak, C2 = appeared reduction peak

5C

30

10

-Ia

-30 1 1 1 ^{I1 1 I}

-0.4 -02 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1