REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.3 Effect of boron and sulphur fertilizer combination
Karthikeyan and Shukla (2011) studied the effect of combined of Boron and Sulphur on nutrient uptake and quality parameters of mustard (Brassica jiawea L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.).Significant combined effect of Boron and Sulphur on dry matter and seed yields of both crops was observed. They also revealed that combined of Sulphur (60mg kg-1) and Boron (2mg kg-1) influenced significantly the oil and protein content of mustard and sunflower.
Devi et al. (2012) studied the effect of sulphur and boron fertilization on yield, quality and nutrient uptake by soybean under upland condition. The experiment comprises five levels of sulphur (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg sulphur per hectare) and five levels of boron (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg boron per hectare). The overall result revealed that application of 30 kg sulphur per12 hectare and 1.5 kg boron per hectare were found to be the optimum levels of sulphur and boron for obtaining maximum yield, oil and protein content, total uptake of sulphur and boron.
Singh et al. (2012) studied the effect of sulphur and boron fertilization on yield attributes and yield of soybean. There were 25 treatment combinations consisting of five rates of both S (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 kg S/ha) 14 and B (0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 kg B/ha). The results of the experiments revealed that application of 30 kg S/ha recorded better yield attributes viz., branches/plant, pods/plant, seeds/pod and 100-seed weight and higher yield than the other treatments. Similarly, application of boron at 1.0 kg/ha recorded better yield attributes and higher yield of grain and straw.
Ma et al., (2015) conducted field experiments were to investigate the growth, yield, and yield components of canola in response to various combinations of preplant and sidedress nitrogen (N) with soil-applied sulfur (S) and soil and foliar- applied boron (B). Canola yield and all its yield components were strongly
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correlated (r2 = 0.99) with the amount of N applied, as was the above-ground biomass at 20% flowering and the leaf area index. Sidedress N was more efficiently utilized by the crop, leading to greater yields than preplant N application. On average, canola yields increased by 9.7 kg ha–1 for preplant N application and by 13.7 kg ha-1 for sidedress N application, for every kg N ha-1 applied, in 6 of the 10 site-years. Soil-applied S also increased canola yields by 3–
31% in 7 of the 10 site-years, but had no effect on yield components. While there was no change in yield from soil-applied B, the foliar B application at early flowering increased yields up to 10%, indicating that canola plants absorb B efficiently through their leaves. In summary, canola yields were improved by fertilization with N (8 of 10 site-years), S (7 of 10 site-years) and B (4 of 10 site- years). Yield gains were also noted with split N-fertilizer application that involved sidedressing N between the rosette and early flowering stage. Following these fertilizer practices could improve the yield and quality of canola crop grown in rainfed humid regions similar to those in eastern Canada.
Jaiswal et al. (2015) conducted an experiment at Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh and found that the significant increment in seed and stover yield was noticed with increasing levels of S and B application and the seed yield was recorded maximum with application of RDF + 40 kg S/ha + 2 kg B/ha. The percent increase in seed yield was 34% than RDF (90, 60 and 40 kg/ha of N, P2O5, K2O).
Mallick and Raj (2015) reported that successive increase in P, S and B levels increased yield attributes and seed yield of yellow sarson crop. Application of boron @ 1 kg B ha-1 also resulted into a significant increase in different growth attributes like plant height, dry matter accumulation, LAI and CGR over control.
Application of B (1 kg ha-1) had also resulted marked increase in siliquae plant-1 and seeds siliqua-1 compared with the control.
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Increasing levels of S and B applications significantly increased seed and stover yield of mustard up to 40 kg S/ha and 2.0 kg B/ha. However, yield reduction was noticed with advancement of B application from 2 kg/ha to 3 kg/ha at Bichpuri, Agra (Singh et al. 2017 b).
Singh and Singh (2016) conducted a field experiment to study the response of mustard to different levels of sulphur and boron on yield and quality and they reported that number of siliquae plant-1, no. of seeds siliqua-1, test weight, seed yield and stover yield increased with increasing level of sulphur and boron.
Longkumer et al (2017) A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of S and B application on growth, yield, and quality of soybean, and to find out their optimum doses for the best crop performance in acidic soils of northeast India. The treatments comprised four levels of S (0, 20, 40, and 60 kg/ha) and four levels of B (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 kg/ha) in factorial combination.In general, S40 + B1.5 also resulted in the highest nutrient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium sulfur, and boron (NPKSB) uptake by soybean. Based on these results, we recommend the conjunctive use of 40 kg S and 1.5 kg B/ha for the best yield and quality of soybean on acidic soils of northeast India and other regions with similar soil.
Azam et al. (2017) studied the response of mustard (Brassica rapa L.) crop to varying levels of S - 0, 10, 20 and 30 kg/ha and B - 0, 1, 2 and 3 kg/ha in terms of yield and yield attributes. They reported that the highest seed yield was obtained under the treatment combination of S2B3 (20 kg S/ha + 3 kg B/ha), which was statistically at par with S3B2, S3B0 and S3B3, while significantly higher than other treatment combinations at Dhaka in Bangladesh.
Muthanna et al (2017) carried out an investigation to study the effect of boron and sulphur growth and yield of potato during the month of October in 2015- 16 and 2016-17. recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) including 3 doses of boron (1
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kg, 2 kg and 3 kg); 2 doses of sulphur (30 kg and 40 kg) and their combinations (1 kg boron + 30 kg sulphur, 2 kg boron + 30 kg sulphur, 3 kg boron + 30 kg sulphur, 1 kg boron + 40 kg sulphur, 2 kg boron + 40 kg sulphur and 3 kg boron + 40 kg sulphur) were applied. The study indicated that plant morphology and yield of potato plant were significantly influenced by boron and sulphur application.
The maximum plant height and yield of marketable tubers (17.99 t ha-1 and 27.00 t ha-1) were recorded in the plants treated with RDF + 2 kg B + 40 kg S during both year of investigation. RDF + 2 kg B + 40 kg S was also found statistically at par with the maximum values under characters viz., number of sprouts per tuber, stem diameter and number of marketable tubers.
Verma and Dawson (2018) conducted a field experiment during the rabi season at Allahabad (U.P.) to evaluate the effect of sowing methods and levels of sulphur and boron on yield and economics of mustard (Brassica compestris L.) cv. Peela Sona. Results showed that the higher no. of siliquae plant-1, number of seeds siliqua-1, 1000-seed weight, seed yield (1740 kg ha-1) and harvest index (41.90%) significantly increased the increasing levels of sulphur up to 30 kg ha-1 with boron 2 kg ha-1.
Sharma et al., (2020) conducted a field experiment during 2017-18 to evaluate the effect of boron and sulphur on growth and yield attributes of mustard. They observed that highest plant height, number of branches plant-1, dry matter accumulation, number of siliqua plant-1, number of seeds siliqua-1, grain yield, stover yield and biological yield were maximum in the treatment of T8- 100%
RDF+ 2 kg B ha-1 + 45 kg S ha-1 and also significantly at par with T9- 100% RDF + 3 kg B ha-1 +45 kg S ha-1, T6- 100% RDF + 2 kg B ha-1 + 30 kg S ha-1, T7- 100%
RDF + 3 kg B ha-1 +30 kg S ha-1.
At Mymensingh, Awal et al., (2020) assessed the effect of agronomic biofortification of sulphur and boron on the growth and yield of mustard (Brassica
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campestris L.). They found that combined application of 40 kg S ha-1 along with 1 kg B ha-1 produced the maximum plant height, number of branches and leaves plant-1, dry matter accumulation and yield attributes and yield of mustard.