Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week
OPTIONAL COURSES
ESE 4003 Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Hydrogen Production Technologies: Review of hydrogen energy; production of hydrogen:
chemical production of hydrogen, steam reforming, water electrolysis, gasification and woody biomass conversion, biological hydrogen production, photo dissociation, direct thermal or catalytic splitting of water; purification (removal of CO and CO2), desulphurization; electrolytic hydrogen production, electrolyser configurations.
Hydrogen Storage, Transportation and Application: Hydrogen storage options, compressed gas storage, liquid hydrogen, hydride, chemical storage, solid state storage; hydrogen transmission systems, hydrogen fuelling systems and infrastructure.; applications of hydrogen, hydrogen as a fuel for IC engine, hydrogen policy and environmental impacts of hydrogen, hydrogen safety.
Fuel Cell: Review of fuel cell; thermodynamics and kinetics of fuel cell process, heat released, reasons for losses in voltage, electrode kinetics, porous electrodes, characteristics, fabrication of electrodes, assembly of fuel cells, testing, classification of fuel cells based on nature of electrolyte, operating temperature; performance evaluation of fuel cell, comparison on battery Vs fuel cell.
Characteristics and Status of Various Types of Fuel Cells: Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC), Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC), Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC), Regenerative Fuel Cells (RFC), use of alternative fuel in fuel cells, specific characteristics, advantages and applications.
Fuel Cell Power Plants and Applications: Fuel cell plants and sub systems, efficiency of systems, performance; emissions, heat balance, environmental benefits; heat rate of various fuel cell plants, natural gas and coal-based fuel cell power plant concepts, cogeneration and CHP, fuel cell hybrids, fuel cell systems for portable, automotive, stationary applications, future challenges.
Reference Books:
1. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: A Comprehensive Guide by Rebecca L. and Busby, 2005, Penn Well Corporation, Oklahoma.
2. Hydrogen and Fuel Cells: Emerging Technologies and Applications by Bent Sorensen, 2011, Academic Press, 2nd ed.
3. Fuel Cells Principles and Applications by B.Viswanathan and Aulice Scibioh, 2006, Universities Press, Hyderabad.
4. Fuel Cell Systems Explained by J. Larminie & A. Dicks, 2003, Wiley
5. Fuel Cells: From Fundamentals and Applications by S. Srinivasan, 2006, Springer.
ESE 4005 Hybrid and Electric Vehicles
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction: History of hybrid and electric vehicles (HEVs), reasons for HEV development, types; HEV configurations, social and environmental importance of hybrid and electric vehicles, advantages; challenges and key technology of HEVs – concept of hybridization of the Automobile- Plug-in HEVs, commercially available HEVs.
Hybrid Electric Drive-trains: Basic concept of hybrid traction, various hybrid and electric drive- train topologies: series hybrid electric drive trains, parallel hybrid electric drive trains; traction motor characteristics, transmission configuration, components: gears, differential, clutch, brakes;
power flow control, energy consumption concept of hybrid electric drive trains, fuel efficiency analysis, impact of modern drive-trains on energy supplies.
Electric Propulsion Unit: Introduction to electric components used in hybrid and electric vehicles, configuration and control of DC Motor drives, configuration and control of Induction Motor drives, configuration and control of Permanent Magnet Motor drives, configuration and control of Switch Reluctance Motor drives, drive system efficiency.
Power Electronics and Power Flow: Rectifiers, Buck convertor, Boost converter, Voltage source inverter, Current source inverter, DC-AC convertor; Power flow: mechanical power generation, storage and transmission to wheels; electric power generation, storage and conversion to mechanical power; hydraulic power generation, storage and conversion to mechanical power.
Energy Storage: Energy storage requirements in HEVs, battery storage, fuel cell storage, super capacitor storage, flywheel storage, hybridization of different energy storage devices.
Sizing the Drive System: Matching the electric machine and the internal combustion engine (ICE), sizing the propulsion motor, sizing the power electronics, selecting the energy storage technology.
Energy Management Strategies: Energy management strategies used in hybrid and electric vehicles, classification of different energy management strategies, comparison of different energy management strategies, implementation issues of energy management strategies.
References Books:
1. Iqbal Hussein, Electric and Hybrid Vehicles: Design Fundamentals, Second Edition, CRC Press, 2011.
2. Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles: Fundamentals, Theory and Design by MehrdadEhsani, YimiGao, Sebastian E. Gay, Ali Emadi, 2010, CRC Press.
3. Electric Vehicle Technology Explained by James Larminie, John Lowry, 2003, Wiley.
4. Hybrid electric Vehicles Principles and applications with practical perspectives by Chris Mi, Dearborn, M. Abul Masrur, David Wenzhong Gao, 2011, Wiley.
ESE 4007 Smart Grid Technology
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction: Definition, applications, overview of the technologies required for the Smart Grid, micro grid and smart grid comparison; sustainable energy options for the smart grid, economics and market operations of smart grid.
Smart Grid Communications and Measurement Technology: Two-way digital communications paradigm, communications infrastructure, network architectures; IP-based systems, monitoring; PMU, smart meters, measurement technologies; sensor networks, fault detection and self-healing systems, GIS and GPS tools, multi-agent systems (MAS) technology.
Performance Analysis Tools for Smart Grid Design: Introduction and challenges to load flow in smart grid, weaknesses of the present load flow methods; load flow state of the art: classical, extended formulations and algorithms; congestion management effect, load flow for smart grid design, DSOPF application to the smart grid, Static Security Assessment (SSA) and contingencies;
contingencies, contingency studies.
Stability Analysis Tools for Smart Grid: Introduction to stability, strengths and weaknesses of existing voltage stability analysis tools, voltage stability assessment, voltage stability assessment techniques.
Computational Tools for Smart Grid Design: Introduction to computational tools, decision support tools, optimization techniques, classical optimization method, heuristic optimization, evolutionary computational techniques, adaptive dynamic programming techniques, Pareto methods, hybridizing optimization techniques, computational challenges.
Interoperability, Standards, and Cyber Security: Introduction, interoperability, cyber security challenges; load altering attacks, false data injection attacks, defense mechanisms, privacy challenges, research areas for smart grid development.
Reference book:
1. Smart Grid: Technology and Applications by Janaka B. Ekanayake, Nick Jenkins KithsiriLiyanage
2. Smart Grid Technology (A Cloud Computing and Data Management Approac) by SudipMisra, SamareshBera.
3. Smart Grid Systems: Modeling and Control by N. Ramesh Babu.
4. Communication and Networking in Smart Grids by Yang Xiao.
ESE 4011 Materials for Energy Engineering Applications
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Materials for Solar Cell: Inorganic materials for solar cell: Si, GaAs and other III-V compounds, PERL Si solar cell materials; crystalline, multicrystalline, amorphous, and microcrystalline solar cells.
Organic/flexible solar cells-various types, organic tandem; Dye-sensitized cells, polymer composites for solar cells; modern high efficiency solar cell materials, Perovskite solar cell (PSC) materials.
Materials for Fuel Cell: Review of fuel cell, anode-cathode materials, proton conducting ceramic fuel cell, PEM fuel cell, Acid/alkaline fuel cells.
Electrolyte Materials for Energy Application: Organic and inorganic electrolyte, polymers electrolytes, ionic liquid-based polymer electrolyte, solid oxide electrolytic materials, polymer membranes materials,
Advanced Materials for Energy Storage: Capacitor, ultra‐capacitor; application of Graphene, Carbon Nano‐Tubes (CNT), fabrication of CNTs, CNTs for hydrogen storage, CNT‐polymer composites, MOF materials for Hydrogen fuel storage.
Fabrication Technologies and Processes: Sputtering, physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition (CVD); diffusion, oxidation, photolithography.
Materials Characterization: X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
References Books
1.Advanced Semiconductor Fundamentals by Robert F. P., 2002, 2nd Edition, Pearson 2.Energy Materials by Duncan W. B., Dermot O., and Richard I. W., 2011, 1st Edition, Wiley 3.Fundamentals of Solar Cells: PV Solar Energy Conversion by Fahrenbruch A. L. and Bube R.
H., 1983, Academic Press
4.Solar Cells: Materials, Manufacture and Operation Tom M. and Luis C., 2005, 1st Edition, Elsevier Science
5.Organic Photovoltaics: Materials, Device Physics, and Manufacturing Technologies by Christoph B. Ullrich S. and Vladimir D., 2014, 2nd Edition, Wiley‐VCH
6.Nanostructured and Advanced Materials for Fuel Cells by San P. J. and Pei K. S., 2013, 1st Edition, CRC Press
7.Handbook of Battery Materials by Daniel C. and Besenhard J. O., 2011, 1st Edition Wiley‐VCH
ESE 4013 Energy in Built Environment
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction: Indoor activities and environmental control, internal and external factors on energy use, characteristics of energy use and its management, macro aspect of energy use in dwellings;
Thermal comfort, ventilation and air quality, air-conditioning requirement, visual perception, illumination requirement, auditory requirement.
Influence of Climate and Solar Radiation: The sun-earth relationship, climate, wind, solar radiation and temperature; sun shading and solar radiation on surfaces, energy impact on the shape and orientation of buildings; lighting: characteristics and estimation, methods of day-lighting, architectural considerations for day-lighting.
Thermal Performance of Buildings: Steady and unsteady heat transfer through wall and glazed window, standards for thermal performance of building envelope; evaluation of the overall thermal transfer: thermal gain and net heat gain, endues energy requirements; status of energy use in buildings, estimation of energy use in a building.
Energy and Environment Management in Building: Energy audit and energy targeting;
technological options for energy management; Natural and forced ventilation–indoor environment and air quality; airflow and air pressure on buildings, flow due to stack effect.
Technologies for Low Energy Buildings: Passive building architecture: radiative cooling, solar cooling techniques, solar desiccant dehumidification for ventilation; natural and active cooling with adaptive comfort, evaporative cooling; zero energy building concept.
Reference book:
1.Heating and Cooling of Buildings: Design for Efficiency by J. Krieder and A. Rabl (2000), McGraw-Hill.
2.Mechanical and Electrical Equipment for Buildings by S. M. Guinnes and Reynolds (1989), Wiley.
3.Energy Design for Architects by A Shaw (1991), AEE Energy Books.
ESE 4015 Energy System Design and Optimization
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction: Overview of various technologies and conventional methods of energy conversion, power cycles, designing a workable system, workable and optimum systems, steps in arriving at a workable system, creativity in concept selection, equation fitting, mathematical modelling, polynomial representation, functions of two variables, exponential forms, best fit method of least squares.
Modelling and System Simulation: Modelling of thermal equipment, counter flow heat exchanger, evaporators and condensers, heat exchanger effectiveness, effectiveness of a counter flow heat exchanger – NTU, pressure drop and pumping power; system simulation, classes of simulation, information flow diagrams, sequential and simultaneous calculations, successive substitution.
Optimizing: Optimization, mathematical representation of optimization problems, optimization procedure, setting up the mathematical statement of the optimization problem, Lagrange multipliers, Lagrange multiplier equations; unconstrained optimization, constrained optimization;
sensitivity coefficients, search methods, single variable, Exhaustive-Dichotomous and Fibonacci, multivariable unconstrained, lattice-univariable and steepest ascent.
Dynamic, Linear and Geometric Programming: Dynamic programming, characteristic of the dynamic programming solution, apparently constrained problem, application of dynamic programming to energy system problems, geometric programming, one independent variable unconstrained, multivariable optimization, constrained optimization with zero degree of difficulty, linear programming, simplex method, Big-M method, application of LP to thermal systems.
Reference book:
1. Systems Modeling and Analysis by I.J. Nagrath and M. Gopal (1984), Tata McGraw-Hill.
2. Design of Thermal Systems by W.F. Stoecker (1989), 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill.
3. Analysis and Design of Thermal Systems by B.K. Hodge and Robert P. Taylor (1990), Prentice- Hall Inc.
4. Globally Optimal Design by D.J. Wide (1984), Wiley Interscience ESE 4017 Energy Efficiency Assessment
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Assessment for Thermal System: Boiler and steam system: Thermal efficiency and its determination by direct and indirect method, blow-down, boiler water treatment, external water treatment, feed water preheating, combustion air preheating, excess air control, energy saving opportunities in boiler, waste heat recovery; steam distribution system, steam traps and energy conservation opportunities.
Assessment for Mechanical System: Fans and blowers: Difference between fans, blowers and compressors, types of fan: centrifugal, arial flow, fan laws, fan design and selection criteria’s, flow control strategies, fan performance, assessment, energy saving opportunities in fans.
Pumps and Pumping System: Types of pumps, pump curves, factors affecting pump performance, coupling, flow control strategies, energy conservation opportunities in pumping system.
Refrigeration System: Performance assessment of a refrigeration system, COP, factor affecting performance, energy savings opportunities in refrigeration systems; cooling towers, flow control strategies, energy saving options in cooling towers.
Assessment for Electrical system: Motors: Energy efficient motors, factors affecting efficiency, loss distribution, constructional details, characteristics – variable speed, variable duty cycle systems, RMS hp- voltage variation-voltage unbalance- over motoring- motor energy audit.
Diesel Generator System: Fundamentals; types, capacity selection; performance assessment;
energy conservation opportunities.
Reference Books:
1. Energy Efficiency in Thermal Systems, Model 2, Published by SREDA, 2019.
2. Energy Efficiency in Electrical Systems, Model 3, Published by SREDA, 2019.
3. Energy performance assessment for Equipment and Utility Systems, Model 4, Published by SREDA, 2019
ESE 4025 HVAC&R System Design
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction and Types of Cooling Systems: Review of basic concepts and definitions of refrigeration system, refrigeration cycles, properties and classifications of commonly used refrigerants, vapor compression cycle, analysis of Vapor compression refrigeration cycle, multi pressure systems of refrigeration, working principle of thermally driven cooling machines, vapor absorption refrigeration, single, double and triple effect absorption chiller, adsorption chiller; air cycle refrigeration; desiccant evaporative cooling; ejector cycle.
Air-conditioning: Indoor and outdoor air conditions, comfort air conditions and comfort zone indoor air quality, review of psychrometry; Central air conditioning system: essential components of central air conditioning plant: water chiller and water heater, air handling unit, fan control unit, chilled water and hot water recirculating system, return air supply system, fresh air supply system and air mixture chamber; supply fan, air dust cleaning and bacteria removal, air supply and air return terminals, diffusers, dampers, grillers and registers; introduction to variable refrigerant flow (VRF) technology.
Air-conditioning System Design: CFM rating and tons of air conditioning of central air conditioning plant, cooling and heating loads; calculation procedures, duct sizing and piping design; pumps and fans selection, air ventilation; calculation of fresh air supply of multi-story buildings, air handling units for treatment of fresh and return, forced convection-based air ventilator design.
Cooling Towers: Types of cooling towers, performance of cooling tower, hydronic terminal units.
Alternative Cooling Techniques: Thermo-electric, magnetocaloric, electrocaloric; thermo- acoustics, solar-assisted cooling systems.
Reference books:
1. Refrigeration and Air Conditioning by Arora, C. P., (2007),, Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Ltd.
2. Refrigeration and Air conditioning by WF Stocker and J W Jones, (1999), McGraw Hill Book Company.
3. ASHRAE, Handbook - Fundamentals, SI Edition by Circle, T. and N.E. Atlanta. (1997), American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers. USA.
4. Refrigeration and Air conditioning by Manohar Prasad, (1998), Wiley Eastern Ltd.
5. Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning by S. C. Arora and Dumkundwar, (1996), Dhanpathrai Publishers.
ESE 4031 Power Plant Instrumentation and Control
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Instrumentation: Review of flow, level, pressure, temperature measurement and instrument, control valves; general concepts and objectives, instrumentation of complex systems, different types of power plants and role of instrumentation in controlling and monitoring the power production, optimization and adaptation, thermal power plant instrumentation, controlling and monitoring of boilers, turbines and generators, transformers, condensers and power plant auxiliaries.
Introduction to Power Plant Control: Overview of power plant control loops, complex control schemes, PID controller, multivariable control; fundamental concept on integrated control system for power plant application, identification of analogue and binary drives of power plant.
Various Types of Control Technics: Furnace draft and temperature control, combustion control, drum and feed water level control, boiler water level and pressure control, emergencies and actions, alarm and annunciation, safety, interlock and supervisory schemes, salient features of instrumentation of hydro-electric, nuclear and nonconventional power plants, monitoring generation and load flow, plant efficiency, excitation control and temperature profile, DCS, fire detection and protection system, plant communication system; study of P&I diagram and presentation of instrumentation on P&ID.
Control of Renewable Energy Systems: Fundamental control of photovoltaic, wind, battery and fuel cell systems.
Reference Books:
1. Power Plant Instrumentation and Control Handbook: A Guide to Thermal Power Plants by Swapan Basu, Ajay Debnath. Machine Learning, by Tom Mitchell, 2014.
2. Thermal Power Plant Control and Instrumentation: The control of boilers and HRSGs by David Lindsley, John Grist, Don Parker, The Institution of Engineering and Technology:
2018
3. Power Electronics for Renewable and Distributed Energy Systems by Sudipta Chakraborty, Marcelo G. Simões, William E. Kramer; Springer
4. Modeling, Identification and Control Methods in Renewable Energy Systems by Nabil Derbel • Quanmin Zhu; Springer
ESE 4075 Energy Project Development and Evaluation
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week
Energy Project Preparation and Development: Features of energy projects, project cycle, context of energy projects, project identification, project proposal preparation, pre-feasibility and feasibility studies, budgeting, project approval and implementation.
Cost Concepts and Financial Calculations: Cost concepts, time value of money, interest formulas and equivalence, inflation, methods of project evaluation, deprecation.
Economic Evaluation of Energy Projects: Alternative’s methods of project evaluation, Traditional methods and new developments, valuation of costs and benefits, Uncertainty and risk analysis of projects, Sensitivity and break-even analysis.
Financial Evaluation of Projects: Sources of funds, project financing, elements of financial costs, financial structure and project feasibility, revenue streams, effects of assumptions and pricing, sensitivity analysis.
Environmental Issues in Energy Projects: Evaluation of environmental impacts, methods of economic evaluation of environmental impacts, energy sector and environmental policies, case studies.
Reference books
1. Financing Energy Projects in Emerging Economies by H. Razavi (1996),, PennWell Books, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
2. Project Evaluation: Techniques and Practices for Developing Countries by H.K. Sang (1995), Avebury, England. Reference Books
3. Contemporary Engineering Economics, Third Edition by C.S. Park (2002), Prentice-Hall, NJ.
4. Benefit-Cost Analysis: In Theory and Practice by R. Zebre and D. Dively (1994), Harper Collins.
ESE 4077 Energy Modelling and Project Management
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction: Basic concept of econometrics and statistical analysis; The 2-variable regression model; The multiple regression model; Tests of regression coefficients and regression equation;
Econometric techniques used for energy analysis and forecasting with case studies; Operation of computer package.
Input-Output Analysis: Basic concept of Input-output analysis; concept of energy multiplier and implication of energy multiplier for analysis of regional and national energy policy; Energy and environmental Input - Output analyses using I-O model.
Energy Modelling: Interdependence of energy-economy-environment; Modelling concept, and application, Methodology of energy demand analysis; Methodology for energy forecasting;
Sectoral energy demand forecasting; Interfuel substitution models; SIMA model, and I-O model for energy policy analysis; Simulation and forecasting of future energy demand; Energy Economics and Policies: National and Sectoral energy planning; Integrated resource planning;
Energy pricing.
Project Evaluation & Management: Financial analysis: Project cash flows, time value of money, life cycle approach and analysis, conception, definition, planning, feasibility and analysis; Project appraisal criteria; Risk analysis; Project planning matrix; Aims oriented project planning; Social cost benefit analysis. Network analysis for project management; Time estimation; Critical path determination; PERT, CPM and CERT; Fuzzy logic analysis; Stochastic based formulations;
Project evaluation techniques; Funds planning; Project material management, evaluation and analysis; Implementation and monitoring; Performance indices; Case studies.
Reference books
1. Energy Policy Analysis and Modeling, M. Munasinghe and P. Meier Cambridge University Press, 1993.
2. The Economics of Energy Demand: A Survey of Applications, W.A Donnelly New York, 1987.
3. Econometrics Models and Economic Forecasts, S. Pindyck and Daniel L Rubinfeld, 3rd edition McGraw Hill, New York 1991.
4. Sectoral Energy Demand Studies: Application of the END-USE Approach to Asian Countries, UN-ESCAP, New York 1991.
5. Guide Book on Energy – Environment Planning in Developing Countries – Methodological Guide on Economic Sustainability and Environmental Betterment Through Energy Savings and Fuel Switching in Developing Countries, UN-ESCAP, New York 1996.
6. Forecasting Methods and Applications, S.Makridakis, Wiley 1983
ESE 4085 Mineral Energy Resources
Credit: 3.0 Contact hour: 3 hrs/week Introduction: An overview of hydrocarbon reserves in Bangladesh; Historical over view of discovery and exploitation of petroleum and its products; Petroleum formation; Physical and chemical properties of petroleum; Introduction to petroleum and mining geology and its classification; Petroleum system; Source of petroleum;
Mineralogy and Petrology: Origin of minerals and definition of rocks and minerals; Physical and chemical properties of rocks and minerals; classification of rocks; Mode of occurrence, Distribution, Genesis, Evaluation and exploration for metallic and industrial mineral deposits;
Geological resources (hydrocarbon and mineral resources) and their geological environment.
Environmental Geology: Petroleum industry, petroleum exploration, drilling, production, reservoir performance, oil and gas transportation, utilization of oil and natural gas. Introduction to mining industry; economics and structure of the mining industry; terminology of mining engineering; explorations; mining operations; mineral processing; mineral purchasing; metallurgy;
roles and responsibility of energy engineers to mining industry; problems and environmental impacts in mining industry.