REVIEW OF LITERATURE
2.4 Path co-efficient analysis
Dubey et al. (2022) carried out an experiment with 30 diverse genotypes with 12 characters of bottle gourd in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications and path co-efficient analysis was found highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant was exerted by average fruit weight per fruit followed by fruits per plant, days to 1st fruit harvest, no. of primary branches per plant, days to 1st staminate flower anthesis, node no. to 1st staminate flowers and node no. to 1st pistillate flower.
Kumari et al. (2021), evaluated an experiment with 9 diverse genotypes of bottle gourd.
The Path co-efficient analysis is representing direct and indirect contribution toward yield per plot along with residual effect. Data indicates that the no. of fruit per vine articulated maximum direct positive effect in the direction of yield per plot followed by fruit weight, no. of nodes per vine, vine length and no. of primary branches per vine followed by fruit length and fruit girth towards yield per plot.
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Rehan et al. (2020), conducted performance of 24 genotypes of bottle gourd and the path co-efficient analysis showed highest positive direct effect on fruit yield for fruit weight, days to 1st fruit set, fruit girth and fruit length. By improving other characters fruit yield in bottle gourd can be improved.
Rashid et al. (2020), conducted an experiment on bottle gourd and correlation and path analysis among different characters of thirty bottle gourd genotypes were studied. Path co-efficient analysis revealed appreciable amount of direct positive effects of component traits like node no. at which 1st male flower appeared, days to anthesis of 1st female flower, days to last fruit harvest, no. of fruits per plant and total sugars on fruit yield per plant and should be given due importance by selection for breeding of new cultivars.
Kunjam et al. (2019) conducted an experiment on nine genotypes of bottle gourd and the path co-efficient analysis revealed that positive and direct effect of fruit yield on average fruit weight (2.96), node no. at 1st female flower (2.76), days to 1st female flowering (1.06), node no. at 1st male flower (1.37), first fruit harvest (0.60) and fruit girth (0.23). Fruit length, days to 1st male flowering, no. of branches, days to 50%
flowering, duration of crop, no. of fruits per plant and fruit length showed negative and direct effects on fruit yield. In this analysis, fruit yield was taken as dependent variable and the rest of the characters were considered as independent variables.
Mahapatra et al. (2019) did a study on bottle gourd. The study signified the correlation between 10 quantitative traits in 91 bottle gourd genotypes using correlation and path analysis. Results revealed that the path co-efficient analysis of no. fruits per plant had maximum positive direct effect with marketable fruit yield per plant, followed by fruit diameter. There is no significant negative direct effect found on fruit yield per plant through any quantitative trait. This study demonstrated that selection for increased no.
of fruits per plant, fruit diameter and average fruit weight may improve genetic gain in total fruit yield in bottle gourd breeding programme.
Sultana et al. (2018) was studied to elucidate the correlation and path co-efficient analysis in thirty nine genotypes of bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl] in randomized complete block design with three replications. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that the highest positive direct effects on yield per hectare were exerted by no.
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of fruits per plant (0.93) followed by fruit weight (0.467), 1st female flower open (0.011) and 100 seed weight (0.01). The contribution of yield components like 1st female flower open, 100 seed weight, fruit weight and no. of fruits per plant were high in the present study. The indirect effects of most of the characters were through no. of fruits per plant, no. of branches per plant and 100 seed weight will also be useful in bringing higher yield in bottle gourd.
Sahu, L. (2016), evaluated an experiment with 69 diverse genotypes of bottle gourd.
The path co-efficient analysis revealed that no. of fruits per plant showed the highest positive direct effect on fruit yield followed by duration of crop, days to 1st female flower appears, no. of branches per plant, node no. of 1st female flower appears, 100 seed weight, node no. of 1st male flower appears, days to 1st female flower appears, whereas, average fruit weight, fruit girth, days to 1st fruit harvest, days to 50%
flowering, fruit length and days to fruit set showed negative direct effects on fruit yield per plot.
Janaranjani et al. (2015), evaluated path analysis with 18 different characters comprising of 36 hybrids of bottle gourd. The path analysis indicated that no. of fruits per vine, days to 1st female flower opening (0.800), fruit cavity (0.380) and fruit weight (0.373) had positive direct effect on fruit yield, however fruit length (-0.370) recorded high negative direct effect on fruit yield per vine. No. of primary branches (-0.189), days to 1st male flower opening (1.103), sex ratio (0.141) and no. of pickings (-0.122) recorded negative low direct effect on fruit yield per vine.
Husna et al. (2011), conducted that the results of path co-efficient analysis revealed the maximum direct contribution towards yield per plant with no. of fruits per plant (0.680) followed by fruit weight (0.453) in 31 bottle gourd genotypes.
Yadav et al. (2007), studied on path co-efficient analysis in 18 bottle gourd strains and reported that all the characters except days to 1st female flowering, no. of nodes of 1st male flowering and fruit length had direct effect on yield. For indirect effects, the no.
of fruits per plant showed highly significant and positive association with yield per plant due to days to 1st male flowering, no. of nodes of 1st female flowering, days to edible fruit, fruit width and no. of fruits per plant.
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