CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
5.1 Summary of Findings
CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The study was conducted in Husaindi union of Pakundia upazila under Kishoregonj district and constituted the population of the study. An update list of 1522 respondent women who participated in household and agricultural activities of these localities were population of the study. The populations were randomly selected from five villages as the sample of the study by using a recommended formula using proportionate random sampling method. Thus, 110 respondent women constituted the sample of the study. A well-structured interview schedule was developed based on objectives of the study for collecting information. The researcher herself collected data through personal contact. The causal variables were: age, education, family size, annual family income, exposure to information media, coping capacity to household shock, husband-wife relation, financial contribution to family purchase, participation in social activities, problem faced in household activities and problem faced in household activities.
The predicted variable of this study was the ‘Participation of rural women in household and agricultural activities’. Data collection was started in 10 January, 2016 and completed in 22 January, 2016. Various statistical measures such as frequency counts, percentage distribution, average, and standard deviation were used in describing data. Co-efficient of correlation test was used to explore relationship between the concerned variables. The major findings of the study are summarized below:
The education scores of the respondents ranged from 0 to 17 with an average of 6.15 and standard deviation of 4.37. Among the respondents 44.55 percent had secondary education, 28.18 percent had no education, 15.45 percent had primary education and 11.82 percent had above secondary education.
Family size:
Family size of the respondents ranged from 01 to 12 with an average of 4.73 and standard deviation 1.57. The highest proportion (50 percent) of the respondents had medium family compared to 45.45 percent had small family and 4.55 percent had large family.
Annual income
The annual income scores of the respondents ranged from 25 to 673 thousand taka with an average of 164.22 and the standard deviation 132.31. The highest proportion of the respondents (47.27%) had low income, while 27.27 percent had high income and 25.46 percent had medium income.
Exposure to communication media
Exposure to communication media scores of the respondents could range from 0 to 32, while the observed scores ranged from 10 to 21. The average was 14.94 with a standard deviation of 2.31. A very big mass (92.72%) of the respondents demonstrated low to medium exposure to communication media. Among them the highest proportion (67.27%) of the respondents had medium exposure to communication media while 25.45 percent had low exposure to communication media and 7.27% of the respondents had high exposure to communication media.
Coping capacity to household shocks
Capacity to cope with household shocks scores of the respondent women has been varied from 8 to 29 with a mean and standard deviation of 16.72 and 3.86 respectively. Most of the respondents (78.18%) had medium shock reduction ability, about 9.09% had low shock reduction ability and 12.73% of them had high ability to cope with household shock.
Husband-wife relation
Husband-wife relation scores of the respondents varied from 15 to 30 with a mean of 25.49 and standard deviation of 3.93. About half (49.09%) of the respondents had amiable relationship with their husbands, 30.91 percent of the respondents had co-operative relationship with their husbands, 11.82 percent pointed out that, they had respectable relationship with their husband whereas only 8.18 percent of them indicated that, they had not good relationship with their husbands.
Financial contribution to the family purchase
Scores of financial contribution to the family purchase of the respondents ranged from 0 to 34 with a mean and standard deviation of 7.68 and 6.51 respectively. More than three fourth (79.09%) of the respondents had low financial contribution followed by 16.36 percent medium contribution and 4.55 percent high contribution in maintaining family cost.
Participation in social activities
The participation in social activities scores of the respondents ranged from 0 to 24 with an average of 6.20 and the standard deviation of 4.72. The highest proportion (76.36%) had low participation compared to 18.18 percent medium and 5.46 percent high participation in social activities.
Problem faced in household activities
Scores of problem faced in household activities of the respondents ranged from 9 to 25 with a mean and standard deviation of 13.84 and 2.55 respectively. More than half (57.27%) of the respondents had low problem followed by 40 percent medium problem and 2.73 percent high problem faced in household activities.
Problem faced in agricultural activities
Scores of problem faced in agricultural activities of the respondents ranged from 24 to 34 with a mean and standard deviation of 26.64 and 1.91 respectively. 49.09 percent of the respondents had low problem followed by 48.18 percent medium problem and 2.73 percent had high problem faced in agricultural activities.
5.1.2.1 Participation in household activities
The participation in household activities of the rural women ranged from 4 to 12.50 with an average of 8.19 and the standard deviation of 1.63. Among the respondents the highest proportion of the respondents (65.45%) had high participation, 24.55 percent had very high and 10 percent had medium participation in household activities.
5.1.2.2 Participation in agricultural activities
Scores of problem faced in agricultural activities of the respondents ranged from 24 to 34 with a mean and standard deviation of 26.64 and 1.91 respectively. Among the respondents the highest proportion of rural women (50.91%) had medium participation in agricultural activities, 25.45 percent had low participation and 23.64 percent had high participation in agricultural activities.
5.1.2.3 Participation in household and agricultural activities
The participation in household and agricultural activities of the rural women ranged from 8 to 17 hours with an average of 13.19 and the standard deviation of 2.11. Among the respondents the highest proportion of women (96.36%) had high and 3.64 percent had very high daily time spent in household and agricultural activities.
5.1.3 Relationship between each of the selected characteristics of the Rural Women and their Participation in Household and Agricultural Activities
Pearson’s Product-moment Correlation Co-efficient revealed that level of education, family size and coping capacity to household shock had significant positive relationships with participation of rural women in household and agricultural activities, while age showed significant negative correlation. Annual family income, exposure to communication media, husband wife relation, financial contribution to family purchase, participation in social activities, problem faced in household activities and problem faced in agricultural activities had no significant relationships with participation of rural women in household and agricultural activities under the present study.