The soil composition is mainly alluvial (80%) of the Teesta river basin and the rest is barren land. The households were interviewed by going door to door from the entrance to the end of the village until the sample size was reached. After informing about the purposes of the interview, oral and written consent was obtained from the respondents.
The questionnaire included observation checklist, socio-economic status of the interviewee, herd structure, demographics, housing systems, feeding system, reasons for BBG farming, immunization, health, formulation and purchase of BBG feed, farmers' needs and threats of BBG farming. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measures of sampling adequacy and Bartlett's test of sphericity were used to test the suitability of the dataset for principal component analysis (PCA). Heatmap of multiple orthogonal contrasts was produced to control for the latent trends, dimensionality and strengths of the co-variates.
The adult body weight, body condition score and daily milk yield of the Black Bengal doe under semi-intensive farming system were 22.9 kg, 3.4 and 0.5 kg, respectively (Table 1). 6 | P a g e The most important determinants (P<0.05) of adult body weight of black Bengal goat were birth weight of male goat, type of concentrate provided, height of goat shed, width of goat shed, deworming practices, the owner's exposure to training, supplementary feeding of pregnant dams, horn pattern, rearing system, weaning weight of male young, interval, age of first young and amount of roughage offered. Overall least squares mean of the performance parameter of black Bengal goats raised in a semi-intensive system (N = 404).
Genetic, nutritional and environmental determinants of the mature body weight of the Black Bengal goat reared under semi-intensive system (N=404).
Herd structure
Housing system
Feeding system
Productive performance
Differences in milk yield may be due to differences in feeding and management practices in moderately and ultra-poor households (Halim et al., 2011). Differences in the number of services per conception between breeds may be due to a lack of adequate oestrus detection and insemination methods used (Chanda et al., 2020). Reproductive performance is better in goats with solid black hair than in goats with white, black with dutch spots on the waist and goats with brown bezoar hair (Mia et al., 2018).
15 | Insemination, reproductive distress, abdominal sperm quality, which can interfere with sound conception, leading to variation between populations (Afroz et al., 2020). Different results were reported in previous studies where the kidding interval was d (Halim et al d (Chanda et al d (Hassan et al., 2007). Kidding interval varies due to the proper physiological function of the organs and glands of involved in the hormonal increase for the onset of estrus and ovulation with advancing age (Halim et al., 2011). These differences may have been due to the effect of different management practices, inadequate feed supply, length of lactation and composition genetics of goats on the possibilities to induce rebirth after birth (Hossain, 2021; . Samad, 2021). The interval of kidding can be deviated due to change of management, feeding, seasonality of reproduction or repetition of breeding (Afroz et al. , 2020).Better management and nutrition appear to be the most important contributing factors responsible for the shortening of PEI in the BB goat (Halim et al., 2011).
Litter size is considered one of the most important criteria to evaluate the production capacity of goats, which is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors ( Solaiman et al., 2020 ). Litter size was influenced by nutrient level, body weight similarity, age and genetic factors (Hasan et al., 2015). The mean birth weight of the child with BBG obtained in the current study was 1.09 kg for males and 1.04 kg for females.
Different results were reported in the previous study where the birth weight of BBG baby was 1.60±.50 kg (Hassan et al. kg (J. Hasan et al., 2014). The lowest birth weight of BBG due to management system, poor nutrition, disease and poor breeding management. Environmental factors are also responsible for low birth weight (Amy et al., 2019). Birth weight of children gradually decreased with growth of litter size Birth weight decreased with increasing herd size due to lack of proper management and feeding practices at the rural level (Halim et al., 2011).
Similar results were reported in a previous study where the weaning weight of the children of BBG was 4.96±0.15 kg (Shoshe et al., 2019). The weaning weight of the kids depends on nutrition level, disease state and management. The weaning weight depends on adequate nutrition and low weaning weight is mainly due to malnutrition, poor hygienic management and insufficient health status of Boer goats. The weaning weight decreases with the increase in number of goats in a herd of both moderate and ultra-poor households (Halim et al., 2011). The lower weaning weight found during the winter season due to disease, lack of feed and management systems (Amy et al., 2019).
Disease prevalence
Kid mortality
Conclusion
34;Genetic and Phenotypic Performance of Three Coat Color Varieties of Black Bengal Goat in a Closed Core Flock at BLRI". 34;Phenotypic Characterization and Production Potentials of Exotic Goat Breeds and Their Crossbreeds in Rajshahi Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh". 34; A study on morphological characterization of black Bengal goat in three villages under Bhaluka upazila of Mymensingh district, Bangladesh.
34;Preliminary Study on the Productive and Reproductive Performance of Jamunapari, Black Bengal and Crossbred Goats in Chittagong Region of Bangladesh". 34;Reproductive and Productive Performance of Black Bengal Goats reared by the NGO beneficiaries under a semi- intensive system in Bangladesh”. 34; Reproductive performance of black Bengal goats under semi-intensive and extensive conditions in rural Bangladesh".
34;Reproductive Performance of Black Bengal Goat under Semi-Intensive and Extensive Conditions in Rajshahi District, Bangladesh". 34;Comparative Study on Reproductive Performance and Productivity of Black Bengal and Crossbred Goats in Atrai, Bangladesh". 34; A Comparative Study Between Semi-Intensive and Purification Production Systems on the Performance of Black Bengal Goose".
34;Bioscience and Biotechnology Productive and Reproductive Performance of Black Bengal Goat under Breeding Conditions in Bangladesh". 34;Study on Productive and Reproductive Performance of Black Bengal Goat in terms of Coat Colors". 34; Productive and reproductive performance with disease prevalence in the Black Bengal goat Productive and reproductive performance with disease prevalence in the Black Bengal goat".
34; Evaluation of Production and Reproductive Performance of Black Bengal Goats in Rajshahi Government Goat Development Farm in Bangladesh". 34; Socio-Economic Status of Black Bengal Goat Farmers and Their Management in Rural Areas of Bengal Region North, Bangladesh".
34; Impact of a community-based breeding program on the availability, growth and reproductive performance of the black Bengal goat. “A questionnaire on the determinants of adult body weight of black Bengal goat under semi-intensive farming systems in Rangpur Sadar, Rangpur.
Acknowledgement
I passed my Senior Secondary Certificate (SSC) examination (GPA-5.00) in 2012 followed by Higher Secondary Certificate (HSC) examination (GPA-5.00) from Dinajpur Board in 2014.
