Exp Name: Identification of simple organic compounds such as Aspirin.
Name of the sample:
Chemical structure:
Physical properties:
1. Formula:
2. Color:
3. Shape:
4. Odor:
5. Molecular weight:
6. Melting point:
7. Minimum Assay:
8. Manufacturer:
Purpose:
Chemical test:
Preparation of stock solution:
Pea-sized sodium, kept under kerosene was taken on a blotting paper and was made kerosene free. Then it was taken in a fusion tube and added the experimented compound in a quantity triple to that of sodium. The tube was heated gently at first and then strongly as possible for about one minute till all reaction completed and the tube become red hot. The red-hot tube was plunged into 10ml of distilled water in a mortar and the tube was broken by sticking against the mortar and was triturated. Then the content of the mortar was filtered and the filtrate was preserved as stock solution. If nitrogen, sulphur and halogens (anyone of them) are present in the experimental sample, the following reaction should be occurred.
1) C + Na + N = NaCN (If nitrogen is present) 2) S + 2 Na = Na2S (If sulphur is present) 3) X2 + Na = NaX (If halogen is present)
4) Na + C + N + S = NaCNS (If both nitrogen and sulphur is present)
Elementary test:
Experiment Observation Inference
Test for carbon and hydrogen:
Pure sample and anhydrous oxide were added to a ratio at 1:3 in a test tube. Then the mixture was heated and produced gases were passed through a tube containing anhydrous copper sulfate and through a solution of Ca(OH)2.
Test for nitrogen:
1-2ml of stock solution was taken in a test tube and it was made alkaline by addition of few drops of NaOH. Then it was heated and freshly prepared Fe(SO)4 was added. After the addition of few drops of HCl, a solution of FeCl3 was added.
Test for halogen:
1-2ml of stock solution was taken in a test tube and few drops of dil.HNO3 solution were added. Then it was heated and AgNO3
solution was added.
Test for sulphur:
a) 1-2ml of stock solution was taken in a test tube and freshly prepared sodium nitropruside was added.
b) 1-2ml of stock solution was taken in a test tube and it was made acidic by adding of few drops of HCl. Then a solution of led acetate was added.
Functional group identification:
Experiment Observation Inference
Br2-Water test:
Solution of bromine in carbon tetrachloride was given in drop to the sample.
KMnO4 test:
Basic pink colored KMnO4 solution was added to the sample.
Test of phenol group:
An aqueous solution of the sample was taken in a test tube and then few drops of FeCl3 solution were added.
Test of carbonyl group:
1gm of the sample and 3ml of 2, 4- DNPH were taken in a test tube and it was shaken toughly for 10 minutes.
Test of carboxyl group:
1gm of the sample and 5% solution of NaHCO3 were taken in a test tube. The gas that was produced passed through lime water.
Test of amine group:
0.1gm of sample was dissolved in dil.HCl by heating. Then NaNO2 was added. The mixture was ice cooled and a solution of β-napthol was added.
Remark/Result:
