The course aims to impart the concept of plant diseases, causes, nature, species, types, biotic causes, impact of pathogens and economically important pathogens. It also includes plant disease control measures. a) To know about the total losses of plant production due to diseases in the world. Parasitism and pathogenicity; stages of plant disease development (inoculation, infection, growth and reproduction, propagation, wintering and/or long autumn) and symptomatology.
At the end of the course students will be able to- (a) Modern thoughts on algal taxonomy. 3 • will have the knowledge about the physical-chemical properties of the waterlogged soil and the adaptation mechanisms of plants that grow there. 5 • will be able to know sources and effects of different greenhouse gases, causes of ozone layer depletion of the earth.
8 • will have the ability to measure the species diversity of different forest ecosystems and will be familiar with different hotspots and megadiversities of the world's countries. This course is designed to meet the need for knowledge and understanding of the methodology and principles of Plant Systematics. This course enables students to understand and appreciate the rules of plant nomenclature, phylogenetic classification systems, the application of cytology, palynology and phytochemistry in systematics, the recognition and identification of the main groups of plants and the conservation of biodiversity. a) Define and explain the principles, rules, regulations, provisions and recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants (ICN).
9 • be able to recognize and identify important plant families using identification keys, better understand the terminology of plant morphology and how to scientifically describe the profile of plant species and the economic importance of plants used in practical life.
- Fatty acids and
- Replication of DNA
- DNA repair mechanism
- Polymerase
Genetics, especially molecular genetics, plays a central role in all aspects of the life of all living organisms. This course is designed to teach the necessary details, concepts, selected techniques and basic skills related to molecular genetics. The course will specifically discuss the structure and functions of DNA and RNA, transcription, regulation of gene expression as well as the process of genetic engineering, gene cloning and recombinant DNA technology.
By undertaking this course students will have the opportunity to gain an insight into the various principles and methods of molecular biology as well as molecular genetics. Through this knowledge, students will be able to handle DNA molecules for their characterization and required manipulation. To understand the core concept of gene, gene expression in the light of molecular genetics c).
Highlighting the basic techniques of gene isolation, genetic characterization, genetic engineering... applicable for crop development, environmental conservation and biodiversity. Mechanism of DNA Replication; Meselson-Stahl experiment, Cairns autoradiography experiment; replication of circular DNA molecules. Classical versus molecular concept of genes, cis-trans, complementation test, fine structure of the phase T4 rII locus, the nature of mutations in the rII region.
Recombinant DNA and gene cloning, plasmid and phage vectors, restriction enzymes, restriction maps and their properties, recombinant selection and screening. 1 • know the structure and biochemical properties of DNA and RNA molecules as well as the genetic properties of DNA and RNA molecules. 4 • know the concept of nature and types of mutations, molecular basis for mutation, different detection methods and applications of mutation.
8 • know the mechanism of gene expression, protein synthesis, transcription and translation mechanisms, the role of genetic code in protein synthesis. 10 • know the mechanism of gene cloning and development of recombinant DNA molecules and their role. 11 • knows the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technology, its methodology and different applications of this technology.
Male sterility systems
In situ and Ex situ conservation and cryopreservation of germplasm, importance of germplasm conservation in plant breeding.
- Introduction and importance
- Origin and evolution
- Types of stele
- Detailed study of important
- Heterospory and seed habit
- Gymnosperms of Bangladesh
Theories and debates about the origin of pteridophytes from algae and bryophytes, evolution among different groups of pteridophytes. Stellar theory, different types of stele found in pteridophytes and their evolution towards more diversification and complex structure. Distribution, habitats, external and internal characteristics, reproduction, life cycle and economics of different important genera: The following genera will be discussed: (a) Psilotum, (b) Selaginella, (c) Equisetum, (d) Ophioglossum, (e) Marsilea .
Gymnosperms commonly found in Bangladesh: Distribution and distinctive features of Cycas and Gnetum, Primitive characters of Cycas; Advanced characters of Gnetum. 1 • know about the range of pteridophytes as a topic and relevance to other groups of plants. 5 • structural and developmental depth knowledge of important representatives of pteridophytes in addition to species-specific interest.
9 • the commonly found gymnosperms will come to light and their precise location will be known; the details of the characteristic features of Cycas and advanced characters of Gnetum will shed more light on these groups. Assessment: The in-course exam will be administered after completing the lessons on Units 1-3 with - Multiple Choice Questions.
Final exam course with - Broad questions. i) Knowledge of material and energy transport, application of models, energy dissipation at different trophic levels. Latest limnological information, literature, magazines 2 • Learned about the origin of water in prehistory. General effects of physical factors operating in water on organisms. 4 • The concept of energy and its functional behavior in aquatic ecosystems.
Waves and currents, their types and biological and physicochemical role 5 • Community patterns, reed belt, other plants, zooplankton. Carbon uptake mode of aquatic plants, classification of plants depending on this principle 7 • Biological production, its types, calculation.
Physical structure: (i) Primary constriction or centromere - ultrastructure and chemical properties, classification of
Chemical structure: (i) Chromatin - physical and chemical nature, (ii) Eu-chromatin and heterochromatin, role of
- Karyotype and idiogram
- Abnormalities in cell division
- Chromosomal aberrations
- Structural aberration
1 • will get a brief idea about the history, basis of this branch, importance and scope of cytogenetics in modern research of Biology. 2 • acquire a clear and brief knowledge about chromosomes, structural and chemical composition, nature, nucleosome model and function of chromosomes. 3 • will be able to prepare karyotype and ideogram, describe symmetrical, asymmetrical, monomodal and bimodal karyotype, also learn about the importance of karyotype study.
4 • will acquire knowledge on genome analysis related to cytogenetics, karyotype analysis, different types of chromosome banding, FISH and GISH. 7 • gain brief and clear knowledge about all types of structural abnormalities of chromosomes such as deletion, inversion, duplication, translocation, etc.
Plant Pathology
Advanced Phycology
BOT 314: Practical - 2 Credit: 2
- Physicological Ecology and Conservation Biology
- Contemporary Systematics
- Plant Biochemistry
- Molecular Genetics
- Principles of Crop Improvement
- Pteridophyta
- Introductory Limnology
- Structural Cytogenetics
- Embryology of Angiosperms
4 Preparation of taxonomic keys • Learn how to distinguish species, genera and families using taxonomic keys. 3 Identification of amino acids • identify the presence of different amino acids by different simple. Will be able to isolate protein from plant tissue and estimate the amount of protein using specific amount of plant tissue.
He will learn the procedure for preparing protein samples for SDS-PAGE. He will learn a technique for isolating DNA from plant tissue. Students will compare the morphological differences of pollen grains collected from different crops under dry and wet conditions and test their level of viability using nuclear stains.
Knows the reproductive biology of the selected crop plants and can plan how to pollinate and pollinate for one way as well as during reciprocal crosses of respective crops. Students will learn how to study the nature of pollen germination under in vivo condition for both self and cross pollination and follow the pollen tube. Students will know how to develop polyploid plants using colchicines and observe their morphological differences.
Students will know how to isolate embryos from self- or cross-pollinated seeds and grow them on the nutrient medium. Through these visits, the students will become familiar with the research activities of the respective institutes and their results in various areas. Students will be able to perceive the course of development among different groups of pteridophytes through the internal structural examination of important vegetative as well as spore-bearing reproductive organs (i.e.
Learn the external and internal morphology of gymnosperms, especially Cycas and Pinus leaf and understand the anatomical xerophytic characters of these plants. On successful completion of this unit, students will be able to identify different stages of meiotic cell division using photographs and permanent slides. Highly variable shape and external features of different types of pollen grains will be under light microscope.
