Sustainable Development and Achieving SDGs
Dr. A. R. Sarker Department of Economics
The University of Rajshahi
learning objectives/issues
What is sustainable development?
From MDGs to SDGs
Environment related SDGs
What is sustainable development ?
Development: the act or process of developing; growth; progress.
Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.
Source: World Commission on Environment and Development
, Our Common Future [seminal report] (1987)
What is sustainable development ?
The well-being of the environment, of economies and of people is inextricably linked.
Sustainable development involves co-operation on a global scale.
Sustainable development is about integration:
developing in a way that benefits the widest possible range of sectors, across borders and even between generations.
What is sustainable development ?
Sustainable development is “a moral concept that seeks to define a ‘fair and just’ development.
It is driven by a conviction that the present
generation must not deprive future generations of their right to thriving ecosystems, robust
economies and stable societies.
What is sustainable development ?
Sustainable development also calls for intra-generational justice: a demand
that the present generation address the needs of the poor and marginalized
today, as a matter of equity and moral
certitude.
Pillars of sustainable development
At the core of sustainable development is the need to consider “three pillars”
together: society, the economy and the environment.
People, habitats and economic systems
are inter-related.
From MDGs to SDGs
MDGs were adopted in September 2000 by the leaders of 189 countries at the UN headquarters in New York.
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Goal 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education
Goal 3 Promote gender equality and empower women Goal 4 Reduce child mortality
Goal 5 Improve maternal health
Goal 6 Combating HIV/AIDs, malaria, and other diseases Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
Goal 8 Develop a global partnership for development
From MDGs to SDGs
In September 2015, heads of states and governments met at the UN (United Nation) headquarter in New York and agreed on a new generation of 17
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) with 169 targets to succeed the MDGs
(Millennium Development Goals) and to
guide global development over the next 15
years till 2030
From MDGs to SDGs
MDG’s success paves the way of SDGs Some successes of Bangladesh
The proportion of population below the national poverty line stands at 22.4 per cent.
Infant mortality rate from 92 to 46 per 1000 live births
In terms of education, the country has achieved nearly hundred percent enrollments in schools
From MDGs to SDGs
From MDGs to SDGs
Sustainable Development Goals
The SDGs also known as the Global Goals are a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy
peace and prosperity.
These Goals build on the successes of
the MDGs, while including new areas such as climate change, economic inequality,
innovation, sustainable consumption, peace and
justice, among other priorities.
The SDGs are …
A set of 17 goals for the world’s future, through 2030
Backed up by a set of 169 detailed Targets
Negotiated over a two-year period at the United Nations
Agreed to by nearly all the world’s nations, on 25 Sept 2015
The SDGs/ The 2030 Agenda for SD
The Goals and targets will stimulate action over the period 2016- 2030 in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet.
The SDGs/ The 2030 Agenda for SD
The Goals and targets will stimulate action over the period 2016- 2030 in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet.
Peace
The SDGs/ The 2030 Agenda for SD
The Goals and targets will stimulate action over the period 2016- 2030 in areas of critical importance for humanity and the planet.
What is new and different about the 17 SDGs?
First, and most important, these Goals apply to every nation … and every sector. Cities,
businesses, schools, organizations, all are challenged to act. This is called
Universality
Second, it is recognized that the Goals are all inter-connected, in a system. We cannot aim to
achieve just one Goal. We must achieve them all. This is called
Integration
What is new and different about the 17 SDGs?
And finally, it is widely recognized that achieving these Goals involves making very big, fundamental changes in how we live on
Earth. This is called
Transformation
What is new and different about the 17 SDGs?
Let’s take a tour …
Sustainable Development Goals
#1: End
poverty in all its
forms
everywher e
#2: End hunger, achieve food
security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
#2: End hunger, achieve food
security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
#3:
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-
being for all at all ages
#4:
Ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning
#5:
Achieve gender equality and
empowe r women and girls
#6: Ensure access to water and
sanitation for all
#7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable,
sustainable and modern energy for all
#8: Promote inclusive and sustainable economic
growth,
employment and decent work for all
#9: Build resilient infrastruct ure,
promote
sustainable industrializ ation and foster
innovation
#10: Reduce inequality
within and among
countries
#11: Make cities
inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable
#12: Ensure sustainable consumptio n and
production patterns
#13: Take
urgent action to combat
climate
change and its impacts*
#14:
Conserve and
sustainab ly use the oceans,
seas and marine
resources
#15: Sustainably manage forests,
combat
desertification, halt and reverse land
degradation,
halt biodiversity loss
#16: Promote just, peaceful
and inclusive societies
#17:
Revitalize the global partnershi
p for sustainabl
e developm
ent
Each goal
is
impor tant
in itself
…
Each goal
is
impor tant
in itself
…
And they are all
conne cted
Environment Related Goals
Goal 6: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all Goal 7: Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Goal 13: Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
Goal 6: Water and Sanitation
Goal 6: Water and Sanitation
Goal 7: Sustainable energy for all
Goal 7: Sustainable energy for all
Goal 7: Sustainable energy for all
r
Yea Ru alr U banr All A ea r
2000 20.50 81.20 32.00
2001 21.49 77.55 35.00
2002 23.73 78.57 37.31
2003 25.98 79.59 39.61
2004 30.40 76.60 40.60
2005 31.19 82.61 44.23
2006 38.85 77.80 50.53
2007 36.60 82.10 46.50
2008 37.57 84.81 51.25
2009 40.00 85.88 53.63
2010 42.49 90.10 55.26
2011 49.30 90.20 59.60
2012 47.57 89.17 60.88
2013 54.20 88.00 61.50
2014 51.40 90.70 62.40
2015 55.53 92.51 68.20
2016 68.85 94.01 75.92
7.1.1. Proportion of Population with Access to Electricity
Goal 13: Combating climate change
Bangladesh initiatives in achieving the SDGs
Govt. has Integrated the SDGs with 7FYP (2016-2020)
Overview of integration the SDGs with Govt.7FYP
Overview of integration the SDGs with Govt.7FYP
1. (a) How much pollution is too much? Explain. What is global pollutant?
(b) Describe in brief the alternative pollution control policies.
(c) In the likely case of uncertainty, the choice between a tax and permit system is partially dependent upon the shapes of the
marginal cost of reduction (MCR) and marginal damage (MD) curves. Explain.
2. (a) What is sustainable development? What are its pillars?
(b) Describe your understanding on SDGs. What are the 5 P’s in the SDGs?
(c ) Analyse the environment related goals and targets in the SDGs. Explain in brief how the Bangladesh Government has addressed these goals in the 7th Five Year Plan.
