English-ll Passage Narration

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English-ll

Passage Narration

Prepared by

Mousumi Das, Lecturer Department of English

BAF Shaheen College, Dhaka.

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What is passage narration?

It is a passage of speeches where we find combination of different

kinds of sentences. Passage narration can be of both direct and indirect style. Generally we get here the conversation of two

persons. But sometimes they

may be more than two.

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How to start passage narration?

At first,

✓ Read the whole passage carefully.

✓ Find out the persons in the passage.

✓ Think about the given types of sentences.

✓ Deal well with those sentences grammatically

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Some changes you may face

Direct Speech

• Yes/No

• Sir/Madam

• Brothers/friends

• By Allah/God

• So

• Present/past tense

Indirect Speech

Replied in the

affirmative/negative Respectfully/ with

respect/addressing as sir/madam

Addressing as brothers/friends

Swearing by Allah/God That is why

Past/ past perfect tense

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More Changes!

Direct speech

• Thank you

• Sorry

• Excuse me

• Hello

• Damn

• But

• Good morning/evening

• Good bye/good night/farewell

• Happy birthday

• must

Indirect speech

• Thanked

• Apologized

• Drawing the attention

• Greeted

• Swore

• However

• Wished good morning/evening

• Bade good bye/night/farewell

• Wished happy birthday

• Had to (in case of no obligation)

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Things which remain unchanged

➢ In direct speech if there are some words like replied, cried, muttered remain unchanged in indirect speech.

➢ Universal truth in inverted comma is not changed in indirect style.

➢ Present participle remain unchanged. For example:

Direct: “Humorist!” she cried gaily, jumping into a cab.

Indirect: Jumping into a cab, she cried gaily and called me a humorist.

➢ In indirect speech after wish, would rather, it is time the unreal past tense remain unchanged. For example:

Direct: He said, “It is time we studied attentively.”

Indirect: He sais that it was time they studied attentively.

➢ Connectors /linking words ( because, if, although etc.) are not changed in indirect speech.

# Skipped words: well, you see, oh etc.

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Changes in case of repeated Sentences

➢ Assertive sentence:

and/added that/also added that/also said that/again said that/further said that/further added

that…

➢ Interrogative sentence:

again asked/also inquired/further asked…

➢ Imperative/optative/Exclamatory sentence:

Join the sentences using “and”

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Direct-Indirect with solution

“ Are you brothers?” asked the mistress of the house. “No, by Allah, ” they replied. “We are poor wanderers who met by mere chance. ” Then, addressing one of the three she said, “Were you born blind in one eye?”

The mistress of the house asked them if they were

brothers. Swearing by Allah they replied in the negative that they were poor wanderers who had met by mere chance. Then addressing one of the three she asked if he had been born blind in one eye.

# Bolded words are here changed words.

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Have a careful view for better understanding!

1) Interrogative sentence: asked + if (for no wh - word)

2) You- they (brothers) 3) Are – were

4) By Allah- Swearing by Allah 5) No- in the negative

6) Met – had met

7) You – he (one of the three)

8) Were – had been

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Practice yourself.

1. “I’ll pay for it, ” he said. “ I broke it. I brought the axe down careless. ” “But no one hits accurately every time, Jerry. Moreover the fault was in the wood of the handle. I’ll see the man who I have bought it from, ” I told him.

2. “Why don’t you attend classes regularly?” the teacher said to the student. “ You can’t expect good results unless you attend classes as I tell you. ” “I am sorry, sir I have offended you, ” said the student.

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