Renewable Energy sources of Bangladesh 4
Bangladesh is endowed with a number of possible renewable energy sources, and solar, wind, liquid, biomass and biogas are option funds. Mini and micro hydro capacity is small in CHT region and in greater Sylhet area. Biogas is a fuel gas obtained by anaerobically (ie without oxygen) cattle dung, cattle dung, human excrement and crop waste. Bangladesh is in a stable position regarding the availability of raw materials and the climatic conditions for biofuel production.
Some are in the form of ultraviolet light, but the vast majority are in the form of photons. Any energy has fallen to Earth, which also cools the mantle of our comets, pulls ocean currents, wind flows, trees use it to make food, etc. Solar ablation at the outer edge of a wind is defined as the solar radiation when the world is at its mean sun.
Objectives of the project 5
Project Target 5
Energy Situation 10
The energy sector in Bangladesh consists of fossil fuels as natural gas and coal are the main sources of electricity generation in the country. Despite the fact that the energy sector in Bangladesh uses and includes a range of commodities; energy, petroleum products, natural gas, coal, biomass and solar energy, policy and decision makers are largely concerned with electricity as it is the most popular type of energy used in the country. Of the 21.8 million, 16 million are domestic connections (households), which would represent about 50% of all Bangladeshi households (30-40 million).
Power Generation and Distribution 10
History Of Rural Electrification In Bangladesh 13
For each PBS, load forecast for the next 20 years is made based on detailed study and accordingly load centers are set up to identify the location of the distribution substations. The cost of the distribution system is given on a thirty three year term loan to the PBSs with first eight years as grace period with an interest rate of 3% per annum. To ensure the mobilization of funds and steady growth of the electrification programme, REB has taken a pragmatic plan to implement the mammoth task in phases.
REB began functioning early in 1978 with the first project under the 1st phase undertaken for the establishment of 13 PBSs in different parts of the country. Rural electrification in Bangladesh is often considered as one of the most successful programs and has been credited in the country as well as in the international arena. But given the huge task ahead of the total electrification of the country, there is no room for complacency just yet.
ROLE OF RE PROGRAM IN AGRICULTURE 14
Central to the PBS system, the concept of area coverage generally includes 5-10 thanas with a geographical area varying between 1500 and 2000 square meters. Relatively low system loss of about 15% and high bill collection rate of almost 100% is the performance widely appreciated by the development partners and international agencies. This has been possible because of the continued and unwavering support that the Government of Bangladesh and our development partners have given to the operation and philosophy of rural electrification.
As a result, electric irrigation pumps have grown in popularity among farmers in Bangladesh in recent years. The role of Rural Electrification Board and GOB in popularizing electric pumps in the agricultural sector was very important. It enables farmers to have low production costs and competitiveness of products on the market.
FUTURE PLANS 15
16 The ultimate goal is to electrify all villages in Bangladesh by 2020. Under the RE program that began in 1980, approximately 45% of villages were already electrified by 2005. 14] The medium term plan is to cover another 20% of the villages by 2005 and the remaining villages are expected to be covered by 2020 as per the long term plan.
Renewable Energy Policy 16
Currently, the impact of global warming and climate change is a pressing problem around the world. Bangladesh will also be the country most affected by the effects of global warming across the country. It will be finished in no time if we use them at the current rate.
So there is no other way to think about environmentally friendly sources of renewable energy production.[11] Solar energy is the most efficient source of renewable energy production in Bangladesh context. In many developing countries, the use of renewable energy is attractive to the use of solar energy. The solar radiation energy is converted into direct current, and this requires an alternating current converter.
Important uses of solar power 17
In many remote villages, where animal transport is still common, there is no freight or supporting infrastructure.
Potential of solar energy 18
Application of Solar PV 22
The market potential of solar PV in Bangladesh lies In the following
As of July 2020, Bangladesh's energy supply sector has a national grid of 23,548 MW of installed capacity. The 2.4 gigawatt (GW) Rooppur nuclear power plant is expected to come online in 2023 and recently started construction in Bangladesh. According to the Bangladesh Power Development Board, 90 percent of the population had access to electricity as of July 2018.
Industries and housing industries and trade and agriculture industries followed by the largest energy consumers in Bangladesh. As of 2015, energy was available to 92% of the urban population and 67% of the rural population. Bangladesh has 15 MW of solar energy in rural households, while in Kutubdia and Feni there is 1.9 MW of winter power.
The Government of Bangladesh has recently approved the construction of a private power plant at Teknaf, Cox's Bazar, which is equipped with 19 grid solar parks with an annual cumulative generation capacity of 1070 MW. This represents more than 5% of the country's total demand for electricity generation from renewable energy sources. Bangladesh's subtropical monsoon climate is characterized by large seasonal variations in rainfall, high temperatures and humidity.
Bangladesh has three distinct seasons: March to June, a hot, humid summer; from June to October, a cold, rainy monsoon season; and a cool, dry winter from October to March. 25 The tropical monsoon climate in Bangladesh is characterized by large seasonal variations in precipitation, high temperatures and high humidity. The amount of sunshine is usually expressed in hours per year, or in (average) hours per day.
The characterization of the climate of places, especially spas, is an important use of sunshine duration data.
Present Status of Solar Energy in Bangladesh 27
In this country, most families (especially in rural areas) cannot even afford solar cells for their homes. Bangladesh also lacked the technologies and raw materials needed to produce photovoltaic cells (PV), headlamps and other ancillary products that all need to be manufactured. Hundreds of hectares of land are required for a solar power plant to build, with normal adverse environmental consequences.
Protection is also an issue because PVS are very expensive and will probably be stolen from the roof of a house, street lighting and other public installations at the first opportunity. Reduced taxes and any levy on essential accessories in this sector could contribute to a reasonable reduction in costs. Experts from countries particularly concerned with advancements in the solar energy sector could arrange training programs.
Design parameter and important assumptions for design and analysis 29
The climatic conditions are one of the most important factors for the suniness index, which leads to solar radiation. When the panel absorbs solar radiation, the temperature rose almost twice the ambient temperature. As cell temperature increases, molecular vibration increases, cell voltage increases, but panel life decreases.
To get the benefit of the system for the entire panel life, the panel size must be increased by 5. To reduce the I2R loss, the wire size should be as large as possible and the length should be short. An azimuth of 90 degrees is either a quarter of the time in the easterly direction from 0 degrees or 360 degrees.
Azimuth tells you how high in the sky to look and what the altitude means. The vertical angle of your solar panels is defined by the "tilt angle." The horizontal plane relative to the equator is the "Azimuth angle." Solar panels must face the sun to maximize its performance. Harmonization increases the accuracy of life-cycle GHG emission estimates for c-Si and TF PV, reducing variability in the interquartile range (75th minus 25th percentile value) by 65%.
Typical financial figures for the analysis are: the escalation rate of energy costs, the inflation rate, the discount rate, the life of the project [18]. The costs for feasibility studies, development and engineering are included in PV and also in the balance of the equipment costs, which are approximately 10% of the total project costs. The unit costs for the construction items are usually obtained from the local market and the Internet.
Due to the presence of dust and dirt particles in the air, the yield of solar panels decreases substantially. To solve this problem, the panel size should be designed a factor larger, which corresponds to 0~10%. To overcome this problem, additional power is required and the panel size must be increased by 5-10% to accommodate this additional power.
Controller sizing 49
49 Considering a 175 Wp panel (rated voltage 28 V, operating current 6.5 A) Required module in series, NS = rated system voltage/rated module voltage.
Battery Sizing 49
System wire sizing 49
Considering the top of the roof, the slope angle of 23° facing south, no shading effect and other conditions described in article 4.1 for the requirements shown in table 4.1, the program PVSyst was executed and the following result was found .
Economic analysis PV system by RET Screen software 50
To evaluate a project or investment, it is important to calculate the NPV, IRR, payback period, year to positive cash flow and PI index for the specific project.
Effect of discount rate 52
Effect of subsidy 52
Load Comparison with general AC system 54
Findings from the Study 70
The installation of this type of device leads to a relaxed stay, as they do not face the burden of storing cargo. Grid-tied is the most cost-effective system of PV systems because system losses are not identified due to non-utilization.
Recommendation 71
