Analisis Rasio Keuangan Dalam Memprediksikan Potensi Kebangkrutan Perusahaan Perbankan di Indonesia 1995 – 1997 (Studi Kasus Pendekatan Metode ALTMAN)

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ABSTIV\K

Enita Rosmika. 2005, Analisis Potensi Kebangkrutan dengan Menggunakan Metode

Altman

pada

Perusahaan

Perbankan

di

Indonesia

Periode

1995 -

1997.

Pcmbimbing : Amrin

Fauzi

(Ketua), Syahyunan (Anggota), dan

Sutarman

(Anggota).

Likuidasi (kebangkrutan) terhadap sebuah perusahaan sebenarnya dapat

dilihat dan diukur melalui laporan keuangan, dengan cara melakukan analisis

terhadap laporan keuangan, salah satunya dengan metode Altman.

. '

Tujuan penelitian ini adlaah untuk mengetahui konsistensi metode Altman

dan kontrlbusi \dari raslo antara Working Capital to Total Assets, Retained

Earning to Total Assets, Earning Before Interest and Tax to Total Assets, Market

Value Equty to Book Value of Debt and Rasio Sales to Total Assets, da/am

memprediksi potensi kebangkrutan dalam perusahaan perbankan periode

1995

-1997.

Sampel yang digunakan adalah seluruh Bank yang terlikuidasi pada

tanggal

13

Maret

1999

sebanyak

30

Bank dan Bank yang tidak terlikuidasi dari

tahun penelitian sampai dengan sekarang. Metode anallsls yang digunakan

datarn penelitian ini ialah analisls diskriminan yang secara luas dipergunakan

untuk mencapai 2 (dua) tujuan yaitu diskriminasi dan klasiflkasi.

Berdasarkan alat analisis diskriminan diperoleh bahwa metode Altman

masih konsisten pada masa sekarang, tetapi harus ditambahkan

variabel-variabel yang sesuai dengan ketentuan Bank Indonesia. Kontribusi yang masih

dipakai terdiri dari tiga variabel, yaitu ; Working Capital to Total Assets, Market

Value Equty to Book Value of Debt and Rasio Sales to Total Assets. Selanjutnya

kontibusi yang sangat dominan dalarn memprediksi potensi kebangkrutan pada

perusahaan perbankan periode

1995 - 1997

di lndonesia.adalah variabel Sales

to Total Assets.

Kata kunci : Potensi Kebangkrutan dan Metode Altman.

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ABSTRACT

Enita Rosmika. 2005, An Analysis of Potential of Bankruptcy Using Altman's

Method at Banking Enterprises in Indonesia, 1995 - 1997.

Supervisors: Amrin

Fauzi (Chair), Syahyunan (Member), and Sutarman (Member).

Liquidation .(bankruptcy) of an enterprise, in fact, can be seen and measured

through a financial report analyzed using the Altman's method.

This study aims at examining the consistency of the Altman's method and the

contribution of ratio between

Working Capital to Total Assets, Retained Earning to Total

Assets, Earning Before Interest and Tax to Total Assets, Market Value Equity to Book

Value ofDebt, and Ratio Sales to Total Assets in predicting the potential of bankruptcy at

banking enterprise in Indonesia during the period of 1995 - 1997.

The sample used in this study is the 30 banks liquidated on March 30, 1999 and

the banks that are not liquidated

from

1999 to present. The discriminant analysis method

is employed in this study to find out the factors of discrimination and classification.

The discriminant analysis reveals that the Altman's method is still currently

consistent by including the variables regulated by the Bank of Indonesia. The three

variables of ratio contribution which are still used are

Working Capital to Total Assets,

Market Value Equity to Book Value of Debt and Ratio Sales to Total Assets. In addition,

the most dominate contribution of ratio in predicting the potential of bankruptcy at

banking enterprises in Indonesia during the period of 1995 - 1997 is the variable of

Sales

to Total Assets.

Key words: Potential of bankruptcy, Altman's method.

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