دא
ن
ن א
א
ز אو
طو
د
ﺚﲝ
ﺔﻠﻤﻜﺘﻟ ﻁﺮﺷ ﻦﻣ ﻁﻭﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﺯﻼﻟﺍ
ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺔﺟﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻣﺎﳉﺍ ﱃﻭﻷﺍ
ﰲ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﻒﻳﺮﺷ ﺔﻳﺍﺪﻫ ﷲﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ
ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ
ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ :
ﺮﻄﻗ ﺚﻴﻐﻟﺍ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ :
١٠٦٠١٢٠٠٠٢٧٣
מ
א
א
א
אد
א
א
و!א
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﲔﺑ
ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ
ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃﻭ
ﻪﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ
ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺇ :
ﺮﻄﻗ ﺚﻴﻐﻟﺍ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ :
١٠٦٠١٢٠٠٠٢٧
ﺖﲢ ﻑﺍﺮﺷﺇ
ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ
) ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ / ﺪﲪﺃ ،ﻱﺮﻳﺩﺭﺩ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ
( ﻑﺮﺸﳌﺍ
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ
) ﱴﺳ ﺎﻧﺎﻳﺭﻭﺃ ،ﰐﺍﻮﲪﺭ ﺓﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ
(
ﻢﺴﻗ
ﻐﻠﻟﺍ
ﺔ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﻠﻛ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﻒﻳﺮﺷ
ﺔﻳﺍﺪﻫ
ﷲﺍ
ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ
ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ
ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ
٢٠١١
ﻡ
نا
ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﰲ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻡﺪﻗ "
ﻪﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃﻭ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ "
ﱃﺇ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﷲﺍ ﺔﻳﺍﺪﻫ ﻒﻳﺮﺷ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ
،ﲔﻨﺛﻻﺍ ﻡﻮﻳ ﰲ ﺶﻗﻮﻧ ﺪﻗﻭ ، ٢٨
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﻟﺎﻧ ﺪﻗﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺠﺘﻣﻻﺍ ﺔﻨﳉ ﻡﺎﻣﺃ ﺔﻴﻌﻣﺎﳉﺍ ﺔﺟﺭﺪﻟﺍ
ﰲ ﱃﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ
ﺑ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻜ .
،ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ ٢٨
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ﻡ
ﳉ ﻥﺎﺠﺘﻣﻻﺍ ﺔﻨ
ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﺲﻴﺋﺭ )
ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺲﻴﺋﺭ (
ﻥﺎﺠﺘﻣﻻﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗ
ﻊﻴﻗﻮﺘﻟﺍ
ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ / ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ ،ﻱﺮﻳﺩﺭﺩ ﺪﲪﺃ ٢٨
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ...
ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ :
١٠٠١ ٢٠٠١١٢ ١٩٥٤٠٨٢٨
ﺔﻨﺠﻠﻟﺍ ﲑﺗﺮﻜﺳ )
ﲑﺗﺮﻜﺳ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ
( ٢٨
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ...
،ﱏﺍﻮﺴﻣ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ
ﺓ
ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ :
٢٠٠٣ ١٩٩٩٠٣ ١٩٧٣٠٥٠٥
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻦﺤﺘﻤﳌﺍ
،ﲔﻘﺘﳌﺍ ﻦﻳﺯ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ
٢٨
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ...
ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ :
١٩٧٢١٠٢١ ١٩٩٧٠٣ ١٠٠٢
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻦﺤﺘﻤﳌﺍ ،ﱏﺍﻮﺴﻣ ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ
ﺓ ٢٨
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ...
ﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺘﻟ : ٢٠٠٣ ١٩٩٩٠٣ ١٩٧٣٠٥٠٥
ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻕﺪﺼﻳ :
ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺪﻴﻤﻋ
ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ / ﺷﺭ ﻱﺪﻳﺩ ﺎ
ﲑﺘﺴﺟﺎﳌﺍ ،ﺍﺩ
ﻒﻴﻇﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ :
ﺮﻗﺃ ﺎﻧﺃ ﻊﻗﻮﳌﺍ ﻩﺎﻧﺩﺃ :
ﻢﺳﻻﺍ :
ﺮﻄﻗ ﺚﻴﻐﻟﺍ
ﻢﻗﺭ ﻞﻴﺠﺴﺘﻟﺍ :
١٠٦٠١٢٠٠٠٢٧٣
ﻞﳏ ﺓﺩﻻﻮﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﳜﺭﺎﺗﻭ :
،ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ ٥
ﻮﻳﺎﻣ ١٩٨٦
ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻌﻟﺍ :
ﻉﺭﺎﺷ ﻦﻛﺎﺠﻨﺗ ،ﻱﺭﻭﺃ
٠٢ / ٠٨ ﻢﻗﺭ ٤٩
ﻥﻮﺒﲤ ﻼﺳ ﻦﺗ ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ ﺔﻴﻗﺮﺸﻟﺍ
ﻥﺄﺑ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﲢ
ﻉﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ " :
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ
ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃﻭ
ﻪﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ " ،
ﺖﻤﻗ ﺎﻧﺃ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺪﻋﺈﺑ
ﻪﳝﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﱃﺇ
ﻢﺴﻗ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻒﻳﺮﺷ ﺔﻳﺍﺪﻫ ﷲﺍ
ﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ،ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ
ﻮﻫﻭ ﻪﻠﻛ ﻦﻣ ﻱﺭﺎﻜﻓﺃ ﺎﻣ
ﺍﺪﻋ ﺕﺎﺒﺴﺘﻘﳌﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ
ﺕﺮﻛﺫ ﺎﻫﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ
،ﺎﻬﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣﻭ ﻮﻫﻭ
ﻦﻣ ﻢﻴﻤﺻ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺎﻧﺃﻭ
ﺔﻟﻭﺆﺴﻣ ﻦﻋ
ﻊﻴﲨ ﲔﻣﺎﻀﻣ ،ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ
ﻚﻟﺬﻛﻭ ﺍﺫﺇ
ﺪﺟﻭ
ﻪﻴﻓ ﺀﻲﺷ ﻦﻣ ﺄﻄﳋﺍ ﻮﻬﻓ ﻊﻘﻳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻟﻭﺆﺴﻣ ﻴ ﱵ ﺎﻧﺃ ﺔﻴﺼﺨﺷ .
،ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ ١١
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ﻡ
ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﻘﳌﺍ
) ﺮﻄﻗ ﺚﻴﻐﻟﺍ (
ﺃ
ا
ﺮﻄﻗ ﺚﻴﻐﻟﺍ : ١٠٦٠١٢٠٠٠٢٣٣ ، ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃﻭ ﻪﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻣ ﻝﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﺪﳊﺍ ﺍﺩﺮﳎ ﻦﻣ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﻮﻫﻭ ﻞﺻﻷﺍ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺆﻳ ﻪﻨﻣ ﻊﻴﲨ ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺢﺟﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻮﳓ : ،ﻢﻠﻋ ،ﻢﻬﻓ ﻢﻴﻠﻜﺗ . ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﱂﺎﻋ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ
W. Wrigth
ﰲ ﻪﺑﺎﺘﻛ
"
A Grammar of the
Arabic Language
" ﻰﻤﺴﻳ
The Nomina Verb
. ﺪﻗﻭ ﺩﺭﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻦﺴﺣ ﹼﻼﻛﺎﺑ ﰲ " ﻢﺠﻌﻣ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﻢﻠﻋ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ " ﹼﻥﺃ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲎﻌﲟ "
"Gerund or Verbal noun
ﺏ
ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺃ
ﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ ﺜﻛ ﲑ ﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻣ
ﺔﻬﺟ ﻱﻮﺤﻨﻟﺍ
ﰲﺮﺼﻟﺍﻭ . ﺔﺻﻼﳋﺍﻭ ﱵﻟﺍ
ﻩﺪﲡ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻰﻠﻳ : ﹼﻥﺃ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﻪﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻣ
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﻦﻣ
ﺚﻴﺣ ﺔﻳﻮﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻓﺮﺼﻟﺍﻭ
) ﺎﻤﻛ ﻮﻫ ﺢﺿﺍﻭ ﰲ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ( ﻭ ﺓﺪﺋﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﺍﻮﻣ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ
ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻦﻣ
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﻱﺰﻴ ﺔﻠﻴﻬﺴﺘﻟ ﻦﻳﻮﻜﺗ
ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺏﻼﻄﻟ
ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ
ﻥﻮﻘﻤﻌﺘﻳ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ
ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﻭ
ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ . ﻭ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﰲ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺞﻬﻨﻣ ﻰﻠﺑﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ
ﻲﻫ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﲨﺮﺘﻟﺍﻭ
.
ﺩ
ﺍﲑﺧﺃﻭ ﻮﺟﺮﺗ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﷲﺍ ﻰﺴﻋ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻌﻓﺎﻧ ﺎﳍ ﺎﻫﲑﻐﻟﻭ ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ
ﻦﻣ
ﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ
ﻥﻭﺅﺮﻘﻳ ﺍﺬﻫ
ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ "
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃﻭ
ﻪﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ "
ﻭﺃ
ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻘﻤﻌﺘﻳ ﰲ
ﻢﻠﻋ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ .
،ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﺟ ١١
ﺱﺭﺎﻣ ٢٠١١ ﻡ
ﻩ
ا ت
ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﺮﻜﺷ ...
... ...
ﺝ
ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﳏ ...
... ..
ـﻫ
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﺔﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺃ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻠﺧ ...
...
١
ﺏ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻣ ...
...
٤
١ . ﺕﻼﻜﺸﳌﺍ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ...
...
٤
٢ . ﺕﻼﻜﺸﳌﺍ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ...
...
٤
٣ . ﺕﻼﻜﺸﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺮﻘﺗ ...
...
٤
ﺝ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺃ ...
...
٥
ﺩ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﺋﺍﻮﻓ ...
... .
٥
ﺯ . ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻣ ...
... .
٥
ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﺃ . ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ...
...
٧
ﺏ . ﻰﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ...
...
٨
ﺝ . ﻪﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ...
...
٩
ﺩ . ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰱ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ...
...
١٠
ﻭ
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﺃ. ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ
(Introduction to Infinitive)
...
١٣
ﺏ . ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺃ )
Classification of Infinitive
( ... ..
١٤
ﺝ . ﻪﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ )
Varieties and Form Infinitive
( ...
١٤
ﺩ . ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ
(Places Of Infinitive in Sentences)
...
٢٠
ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﳌﺍ
ﺃ . ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ
... ...
٢٦
١ . ﻮﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻣ ...
...
٢٦
٢ . ﻑﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺣﺎﻧ ﻦﻣ ...
...
٢٩
ﺏ . ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍ ﺐﻧﺍﻮﺟ ...
...
٣٠
٣ . ﻑﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ...
...
٣٠
٤ . ﻮﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻬﺟ ﻦﻣ ...
...
٣١
ﺝ . ﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺲ
... ...
٤١
ﺲﻣﺎﳋﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ
ﻡﺎﺘﺘﺧﻹﺍ
ﺃ . ﺔﺻﻼﳋﺍ ...
... ...
٤٤
ﺏ . ﻻﺍ ﺕﺎﺣﺍﺮﺘﻗ ...
... ...
٤٥
١
لﻭﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ
ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ
ﺃ
.
ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﻔﻠﺨ
ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻫﺪﺻﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻡﻮﻗ ﻞﻛ ﺎ ﱪﻌﻳ ﻅﺎﻔﻟﺃ ﻲﻫ .
ﺎ ﱪﻌﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ
ﻢﻬﺿﺍﺮﻏﺃ ﻦﻋ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ .
ﻞﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻋ ﺎﻨﻴﻟﺇ ﺖﻠﺻﻭ ﺪﻗﻭ .
ﻔﺣﻭ ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﻷﺍﻭ ﱘﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻨﻟ ﺎﻬﻈ
ﻢﻬﻣﻮﻈﻨﻣﻭ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺜﻨﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺕﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﻩﺍﻭﺭ ﺎﻣﻭ ،ﺔﻔﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ .
١
ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻟﺍ
ﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻌ ﺄﻄﳋﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻠﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺴﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺼﻋ ﱃﺇ ﺎ ﻞﺻﻮﺘ
. ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻲﻫﻭ
ﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺮﺸﻋ :
،ﰲﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺽﻭﺮﻌﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻊﻳﺪﺒﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻌﳌﺍﻭ ،ﻢﺳﺮﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺏﺍﺮﻋﻹﺍﻭ ،ﻑﺮﺼﻟﺍ
ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﱳﻣﻭ ،ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺦﻳﺭﺎﺗﻭ ،ﺔﺑﺎﻄﳋﺍﻭ ،ﺀﺎﺸﻧﻹﺍﻭ ،ﺮﻌﺸﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻗﻭ .
ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻢﻫﺃﻭ "
ﻑﺮﺼﻟﺍ
ﺏﺍﺮﻋﻹﺍﻭ ."
٢
ﺏﺍﺮﻋﺈﺑ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺎﳍﺍﻮﺣﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻎﻴﺻ ﺎ ﻑﺮﻌﺗ ﻝﻮﺻﺄﺑ ﻢﻠﻋ ﻮﻫ ﻑﺮﺼﻟﺍ
ﺑ ﻻﻭ ﻌﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﻳ ﻢﻠﻋﻭ ﺀﺎﻨ ﻭ ﻒﻳﺮﺼﺗ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻟ ﺽﺮ
ﻪﺑﻭ ﻝﺍﺪﺑﺇﻭ ﻡﺎﻏﺩﺇﻭ ﻝﻼﻋﺇ
____________________ ___________
١
ا ،
ا سورا ،
) تو : ،ا ا ١٩٨٤
( ج ، ١ ص ، . ٣ .
٢
،ا ا سورا
٢ ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻣﺎﻈﺘﻧﺇ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺑ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻑﺮﻌﻧ . ﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﺘﺳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ ﺔ ﺇ ﺪﺣ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﻯ . ٣ ﳎ ﺙﺪﳊﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺩ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻷﺍ ﻮﻫﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺩﺮ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻪﻨﻣ ﺬﺧﺆ ﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻮﳓ ﺢﺟﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻘﻟ : ،ﻢﻬﻓ ،ﻢﻠﻋ ﻢﻴﻠﻜﺗ . ٤ ﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ ﻰﻠﻴﻀﻔﻟﺍ ﻯﺩﺎﳍﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻪ " ﻑﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﺼﺘﳐ :" ﻆﻔﻠﻟﺍ ﻮﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻝﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻜﳌﺍﻭ ﻦﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺩﺮﺍ ﺙﺪﳊﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺺﺨﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎ : ﻔﺗ ،ﺱﻮﻠﺟ ﻴﻀ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ،ﻞ . ٥ ﻣﺃ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎ ﻪﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ ﻱﺭﻮﻧ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻰﻔﻄﺴﻣ " ﺓﺮﺴﻴﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ :" ﻝﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻢﺳﻻﺍ ﻮﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺙﺪﳊﺍ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﹾﻥﺃ ﺎﲰﺍ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﺍﺬﳍ ﻮﻫﻭ ﻞﻋﺎﻓ ﱃﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﳛ ﻻﻭ ﻥﺎﻣﺰﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﻴﻘﺘﻳ . ٦ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺓﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺰﻴﻣ ﺪﻗﻭ . ﻣﺃ ﳊﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺩ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻬﻓ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺎ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺩﺮﳎ ﺙﺪ ﻮﻫﻭ ،ﻦﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﻷﺍ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻪﻨﻣ ، ﻮﳓ ﺢﺟﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ : ﻢﹾﻠِﻋ – ﻢﻬﹶﻓ – ﻥﺍﺮﻴﹶﻃ – ﻢﻴِﻠﹾﻜﺗ . ﺎﻣﺃﻭ ﻑﻭﺮﺣ ﻦﻋ ﻪﻓﻭﺮﺣ ﺾﻘﻨﺗﻭ ،ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻄﺳﺍﻮﺑ ﺙﺪﳊﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺪﻳ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻬﻓ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻮﳓ ﻪﻟﺎﻌﻓﺃ : ﻞﺴﹶﻏ ﻪﻠﻌﻓﻭ ، ) ﻞﺴﺘﻏﺍ ( ﺀﻮﺿﻭ ، ) ﻮﺗ ﺄﺿ ( ﺀﺎﹶﻄﻋ ، ) ﻰﻄﻋﺃ (. ٧ ﰲ ﻥﻮﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻡﺍﺪ ﰲ ﺍﻮﻔﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﺍﺮﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻕﺎﻘﺘﺷﻻﺍ . ﻒﻠﺘﺧﺍﻭ ﺓﺎﳓ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ . ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻞﺻﺃ ﲔﻳﺮﺼﺒﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﰲ ﺎﻨﻫ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻫﺪﻨﻋ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺍﺪﻣﺎﺟ . ﺎﻣﺃ ﰲ ﻴﻴﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﲔ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻖﺘﺸﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ . ٨ ﻴﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺞﺠﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺪﻗﻭ ﺔ ﻩﺮﻈﻧ ﺔﻬﺟﻭ ﺪﻴﻳﺄﺘﻟ . ﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﰒ ﻑﺩﺍﺮﺗ ﰲ ﺍﻮﻔ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ . ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ W. Wrigth ﻪﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ "
A Grammar of the Arabic
Language
"
ﻰﻤﺴﻳ
The Nomina Verb
. ٩
____________________ ___________ ٣ ،ا ا سورا ... ، ص . ٤ . ٤
ن%&'( &) *+أ *' ، ا ا ، ) ةه/0ا : ،*'ا )/ا راد ١٩٩٦ ( ء56ا ،
ص ،7/8ا 9ا ، 7/8ا .
٩٢
.
٥
&;ا يد/=ا *) ، فا ، ) تو : >ر/? نود ،@&0ا راد (
ص ، . ١١٣ .
٦Mustofa Muhammad Nuri, Al’arabiyyah AlMuyassarah, (Ciputat: Pustaka Arif,
٢٠٠٨), Cet ١, Hal. ٢٤٩.
٧
،ن%&'( &) *+أ *' ا ا ... ، ص . ٩٢ . ٨
، &;ا يد/=ا *) فا ، ) تو : @&0ا راد ( ص ، . ٤٩ .
٩W. Wrigth, A Grammar of the Arabic Language, (Beirut: Librairie Du Liban), P.
٣ ﺩﺭﻭﺃ ﺪﻗﻭ ﹼﻼﻛﺎﺑ ﻦﺴﺣ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﰲ " ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﺤﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﻢﺠﻌﻣ " ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﹼﻥﺃ ﲎﻌﲟ "
"Gerund or Verbal noun
.
١٠
ﺪﻨﻋ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
Sylvia Chalker and Edmund Weiner
ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ
The Oxford Dictionary of
English Grammar
ﻰﻤﺴﻳ
Verbal Noun . ١١ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﳑ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﳍ ﺎﻤ ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰱ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﳌﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﺯﻭﻷﺍ . ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻪﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃ ﰲ : ﻝﺎﻌِﻓ ﺏﺎﺴﺣ ) ﻰﻋﺎﺑﺮﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻣ ( ﻊﻤﺘﺟﺍ ، -ﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺎﻋ ) ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﻰﺳﺎﻤﳋﺍ ( ﺝﺮﺣﺪﺗ ، ﺎﺟﺮﺣﺪﺗ ) ﻰﺳﺍﺪﺴﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻣ .( ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﺴﻗﺃ ﰲ : ﻮﳓ ﻝﻭﺆﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ " ﻚﻴﻠﻋ ﱪﺼﺗ ﻥﺃ ﷲﺍ ﺀﻼﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ " ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻓ ﺦﻳﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﲑﻐﻳ " ﻚﻴﻠﻋ ﱪﺻ ﷲﺍ ﺀﻼﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ " . ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﻌﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻪ ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰱ : ﻉﻮﻓﺮﳌﺍ ﺏﺍﺮﻋﺇ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ،ﺃﺪﺘﺒﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ " ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺐﺟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ " ، ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ،ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﺏﻮﺼﻨﳌﺍ ﺏﺍﺮﻋﺇ " ﻩﺬﻴﻣﻼﺗ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷﺍ ﻢﹼﻠﻋ ﺎﻤﹾﻠﻋ " ﺏﺍﺮﻋﺇ ، ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ،ﺍﺭﻭﺮﳎ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﺽﻮﻔﺨﳌﺍ " ﱃﺇ ﻥﻮﺟﺎﺘﳛ ﹸﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ِﺔﻳﺎﻋﺮﻟﺍ ". ﺎﻣﺃ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﳑ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰲ ﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃ ﻪ : ﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﺑ ﻝﻭﺆﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌ Infinitivewith to
ﰲ ﻉﺭﺎﻀﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻎﻴﺻ
Present Continous
، ﻮﳓ " ﺪﻟﻮﻠﻟ ﻡﺰﻠﻳ ﺎﻨﺴﺣ ﻪﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ " A his parents respecting
child to be
، ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ : ﺃﺪﺘﺒﳌﺍ ) Subject ( ﻮﳓ " ﹸﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺔﳊﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ "
is god action holy Qur’an To recite
ﺺﺋﺎﺼﺧ ﻪﻟﻭ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻮﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻥﺎﻜﻣﻭ . ﻭ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻗﻼﻋ ﻩﺪﻨﻋ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﻞﻌﻓﻭ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﲑﻏﻭ . ﺪﻨﻋ ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺏﻼﻄ ﻥﻭﺪﳚ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻭ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ . ﻭ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻒﻠﺘﳜ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰲ ﲎﻌﳌﺍ ﻷﺍﻭ ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰱ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﳌﺍﻭ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﻷﺍﻭ ﻥﺍﺯﻭ . ﻥﻮﻌﻴﻄﺘﺴﻳ ﻻﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻥﻮﻓﺮﻌﻳ ﻻ ﻢﻬﻨﻣ ﲑﺜﻛﻭ ﱃﺇ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ . ١٢ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻬﻓ ﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺏﺬﲡ ﺇ ﺔﺜ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﱃ " ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰲ ____________________ ___________ ١٠
،آ/ B+ *' ر%آ*ا ا ! ت # ، ) تو : ن/C : ١٩٨٣ ( ص ، ٩١٠ .
١١Sylvia Chalker&Edmund Weiner, The Oxford Dictionary of English Grammar, (New York: Oxford University Press), P. ١٧١.
١٢
بFFFFا ،ل=ا (ر* HI
٤
ﻪﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃﻭ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ "
ﻑﺎﺸﻜﻧﻻ ﺔﻘﻴﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﻠﻴﻠﲢ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﻲﻤﻠﻋ ﺚﲝ ﰲ
ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ .
ﺏ
.
ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤ
ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ
١
.
ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺹﻴﺨﺸﺘ
ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻄﺒﺗﺮﳌﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﳌﺍ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﺗ :
ﺃ . ﳚ ﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺪ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺏ . ﻻ ﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻊﻴﻄﺘﺴﻳ
ﳌﺍ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ
ﻻﺍ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺝ . ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻣﻭ ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﺕﺍﺰﻴﻤﳌﺍ
ﺩ . ﻥﻮﻘﺒﻄﻳ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ ﲔﺳﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﺔﻠﻗ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ
) ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﺔﲨﺮﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ
( ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﰲ
ﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ﻯﺪﻟ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﰲ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ
٢
.
ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ
ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﳌﺍ ﺺﻴﺨﺸﺗ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻗﻼﻄﻧﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸـﳌﺍ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺎﻫﺮﻛﺫ ﻖﺒﺳ ﺪﻗ
ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ :
ﺃ . ﺸﻜﻟﺍ ﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﺍﻮﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺏ . ﺸﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻒ )
ﺔﲨﺮﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ (
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﰲ ﺭﺎﻃﺇ ﰲ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
٣
.
ﺕﻼﻜﺸﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﻴﺭﻘﺘ
ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺔﻠﺌﺳﺃ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﺕﻼﻜﺸﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺍﺮﻈﻧ :
ﺃ .
ﲔﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﺍﻮﻣ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ ﺼﳌﺍ
ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ
؟ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺏ . ﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺪﺋﺍﻮﻓ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ
ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ ؟
ﺝ . ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﺎﻣ ﺔﲨﺮﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ
٥
ﺝ
.
ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺤﻴﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﲡ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺹﺮﲢ ﱴﻟﺍ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﻷﺍﻭ ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ
:
١ . ﻟﺍ ﻒﺸﻜ ﻦﻋ ﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﺍﻮﻣ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ .
٢ . ﺼﳌﺍ ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﰲ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ
ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ .
٣ . ﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﺋﺍﻮﻓ ﻦﻋ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
.
ﺩ
.
ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺩﺌﺍﻭﻓ
ﻲﻫ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺪﺋﺍﻮﻓﻭ :
١ . ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻠﻟ : ﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﻗﺮﺗ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪ
ﺔـﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ )
ﻦﻃﺍﻮـﻣ ﰲ
ﺎﻤﻬﺴﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﰲ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ (.
٢ . ﻼﻟ ﺩﺎﻛ ﳝ ﺔﻴ : ـﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻓ ﺔﻴﻗﺮﺗ ﰲ ﻡﺎﻬﺳﻹﺍ ﺭﺪﺼ
) ﺔـﻐﻠﻟﺍﻭ ﺔـﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔـﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ
ﻻﺍ ﺰﻴﻠﳒ ﺔﻳ .(
٣ . ﺱﺭﺪﻤﻠﻟ : ﺎﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺲﻳﺭﺪﺗ ﺮﻳﻮﻄﺘﻟ ﺍﺭﺪﺼﻣﻭ ﺎﻌﺟﺮﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻦـﻋ
ﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
.
ﻭ
.
ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻤ
١
.
ﺙﺤﺒﻝﺍ ﻉﻭﻨ
ﰲ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ
ﻟﺍﺒ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﺑ ﱯﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺚﺤ ﻟﺍ
ﻠﺑﺎـﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻰ
ﺩﺎﳚﺇ ﻦﻋ ﺎﻴﻠﺟ ﺍﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﺭﻮﺼﻳ ﻯﺬﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻮﻫﻭ ﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ
ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼـﻣ ﲔـﺑ ﻑﻼﺘ
ﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﻹﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻮ
ﺏﺍﺮﻋ ﺺﻨﻟﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﺀﻮﺿ ﰲ
.
ﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻃ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺬﻫ ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻠﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﱵ
ﺔـﺑﻮﺘﻜﳌﺍ ﺔﻘﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻲﻬﻓ
ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ :
٦
٢
.
ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ ﻊﻤﺠ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ
ﻞـﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼـﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻘﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﺳﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﺼﺤﻠﻟﻭ ﻲﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺕﺍﻮﻄﲞ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻘﺗ ﻖﻴﻗﺪﻟﺍ :
ﺃ .
ﱵﻟﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﲨ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﲟ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﺗ
ﺏ .
ﻉﻮﺿﻮﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﺒﺳﺎﻨﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻧﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﺝ .
ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗﻭ ﺔﻌﻟﺎﻄﲟ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺩ . ﻟﺍ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻋ ﻱﺮﻳﺮﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﲑﺒﻌﺘ
٣
.
ﺎﻬﺘﺠﻝﺎﻌﻤﻭ ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻴﺒﻝﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ
ﺃ .
ﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﺍﻮﻣ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﺼﺘﺗ ﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻑﻼﺘﺧ
ﻭ ﺔـﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺭ ﺔـﻐﻠﻟﺍ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺏ .
ﺍ ﳉ ﺪﺍ ﻝﻭ ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺘﻟ
ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ
ﺝ .
ﲣ ﺺﻴﺼ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﻠﻋ ﻝﺪﺗ
ﺧﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻃﺍﻮﻣ ﻰ ﱃﺇ ﻑﻼﺘ
ﺔﻧﺭﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻝﻭﺍﺪﺟ
ﺩ . ﺕﺎﺒﺛﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﺃ ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻦﻳﺃ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔـﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺜـﻛ ﲑ ﺍ
٧
ﻰﻨﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ
ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
ﺃ
ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ
ﻮﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻻﺍ
ﻝﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻢﺳ ﺙﺪﳊﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺩﺮﺍ ﻦﻣﺰﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻥﺎﻜﳌﺍﻭ
ﻞﺜﻣ ، ﺺﺨﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺱﻮﻠﺟ
،
ﻞﻀﻔﺗ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ، .
١
ﻒﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﺪﻗﻭ ﻥﻮﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ
ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ .
ﻞﻴﻘﻓ : ﲎﻌﻣﻭ ،ﺎﻄﻴﺴﺑ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻟ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
،ﺎﺒﻛﺮﻣ ﻩﲑﻏ ﺐﻛﺮﳌﺍ ﻝﺍﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺪﻘﻣ ﻂﻴﺴﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﺩﻭ
. ﻥﻮﻳﺮﺼﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﺃﺭ ﺎﻤﻛ "
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﺃ ﹼﻥﺃ
ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ "
. ﻞﻴﻗﻭ ﻜﻟﺍ ﻮ ﻴﻓﻴ ﲔ : ﹼﻥﻷ ﻕﺎﻘﺘﺷﻻﺍ ﰲ ﻞﺻﻷﺍ ﻮﻫ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﻝﻼﻋﻹﺍ ﰱ ﻪﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﻡﺎﻗﺃ – ﺔﻣﺎﻗﺇ . ﺕﺎﻘﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻪﻨﻣ ﺬﺧﺆﻳﻭ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﺃ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﹼﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺮﻳ ﺓﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﻦﻜﻟ .
٢
ﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺜﲝ ﺎﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﹼﻥﻷ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻥﻵﺍ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ،ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﰱ ﺔﺜ
ﺎﻗﺮﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﻨﻴﺑ
ﺎﻓﻼﺘﺧﺍﻭ .
ﻮﻬﻓ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ "
ﺍﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗﻭ ﺎﻈﻔﻟ ﻪﻠﻌﻓ ﻑﻭﺮﺣ ﻦﻋ ﺺﻘﻧﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲎﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺩﺎﻣ
١
ا يدا
،
فا ،
) ن : ت د ،ا راد (
ص ، . ٤٩ .
٢
ع !ا !"أ $%& ر'آا
،
ا ا ا ص ،)*ا ء,-ا ،
٨
،ﺾﻳﻮﻌﺗ ﲑﻏ ﻦﻣ ﻮﳓ
ﺀﺎﻄﻋ ﻡﻼﺳﻭ ﺓﻼﺻﻭ ﻥﻮﻋﻭ .
٣
ﻰﻄﻋﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍﻭ
-ﻰﻄﻌﻳ -،ﺀﺎﻄﻋﺇ
ﺎﺰﳘ ﺔﻓﻭﺬﳏ ﺀﺎﻄﻋﺇ ﻦﻣ ﺀﺎﻄﻌﻓ
.
ﻭ ﻡﻼﺳﻭ ﺓﻼﺻ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ .
ﻰﻠﺻ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺎﻓ
-ﻰﻠﺼﻳ -ﺓﻼﺻ . ﻢﻠﺳ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺳﺍ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ
-ﻢﻠﺴﻳ -ﺔﻣﻼﺳ . ﺎﻫﺅﺎﺗ ﺔﻓﻭﺬﳏ ﺔﻣﻼﺳ ﻦﻣ ﻡﻼﺴﻓ .
ﺏ
-ﻰﺴﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍﻭ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﻰﻝﺇ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻴﺴﻘﺘ
١ -ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺴﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
ﻮﻫ ﻰﻋﺎﻤﺴﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﳌﺍ ﺔﻐﻴﺻ
ﺭﺪﺼ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻙﺎﻨﻫ ﺲﻴﻟﻭ ﺎﻬﺒﻠﻏﺃ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﲣ
ﺧ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﻮﻜﺗ ﰲ ﺔﺻﺎ .
٤
ﹼﻥﺃ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﱪﻌﺗ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺬﻭ ﻌﻔﻠﻟ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﲑﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﲰ ﺩﺮﺍ ﻰﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﻞ
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺓﺪﺋﺎﻗ ﻪﻟ ﺲﻴﻟ ﻭﺃ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻪﻨﻣ ﻉﻮﻤﺴﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﻮﺼﻘﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺮﻄﻣ ﺎﻬﻨﻳﻮﻜﺗ . ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺔﺒﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺯﻭﻷﺍ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ :
ﻌِﻓ ﺎ ﺔﻟ ) ﺓﺭﺎﲡ ،ﺔﻋﺍﺭﺯ ،ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺻ (
ﻥﹶﻼﻌﹶﻓ ، )
،ﻥﺎﺒﻠﻏ
ﻥﺍﺭﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﻓﻮﻃ ، (
ﺔﻠﻌﹸﻓ ، )
ﺓﺮﻔﺻ ،ﺓﺮﻀﺧ (
ﻝﺎﻌﹸﻓ ، )
ﺀﺎﻜﺑ ،ﻡﺎﻛﺯ ،ﻝﺎﻌﺳ (
ﻝﺎﻌِﻓ ) ،ﺀﺎﺑﺇ
ﺭﺎﻔﻧ،ﻕﺎﻔﻧ .(
٥
٢
ﻰﺴﺎﻴﻘﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘﺗ ﱴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﻮﻫ ﻰﺳﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻓﻭﺮﺣ
.
٦
ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﺑ ﻭﺃ
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻰﻫ ﻰﻋﺎﺑﺮﻟﺍ
ﻰﺳﺍﺪﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻤﳋﺍﻭ .
أ
(
ﻲﻋﺎﺒﺭﻝﺍ لﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﻪﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃ : ﻌﻓﺇ ﻝﺎ ) ﺍﺩﺍﺮﻳﺇ ،ﺎﻣﺍﺮﻛﺇ (
ﻞﻴﻌﻔﺗ ، )
ﺎﻀﻳﻮﻔﺗ ،ﺎﺒﻳﺭﺪﺗ (
ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻔﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻝﺎﻌِﻓ ، )
ﺎﺑﺎﺴﺣ
ﺔﺒﺳﺎﳏ ﻭﺃ (
ﻝﻼﻌِﻓﻭﺃ ﺔﹶﻠﹶﻠﻌﹶﻓ ، )
،ﺔﺳﻮﺳﻭ ،ﺔﺟﺮﺣﺩ ﻻﺍﺰﻟِﺯ
.(
٧
٣
،ب&د 12 3"
،
ا ا ا
،
) 45آ6 : م8ا راد
Press
ت د ، ( ط ، ٣ ص ، . ٣٤ .
٤ Mustofa Muhammad Nuri, Al’arabiyyah AlMuyassarah, (Ciputat: Pustaka Arif,
٢٠٠٨), Cet ١, Hal. ٢٤٩.
٥
،;!8< دا=> ةا ا
، ) ة5ها : ،8ا ;'A!ا ١٩٩١
( ط ، ٢٤ ص ، . ٣٤ .
٦
Cر ،
و ه! ا ا " #$ا ،
) ت د ،5Aا راد (
ج ١ ص ، . ٧١١ .
٧
،;!8< دا=> ا
٩
ب
(
ااو ا ا رد
١
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﺀﺎﺟ ﻞﺻﻭ ﺓﺰﻤ ﺍﺀﻭﺪﺒﻣ ﻰﺳﺍﺪﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻤﳋﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ
ﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﳊﺍ ﺮﺴﻛ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﺿﺎﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ ﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻒﻟﺃ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺯﻭ ﺚﻟﺎ
. ﻞﺜﻣ :
ﻊﻤﺘﺟﺍ -ﻞﺒﻘﺘﺳﺍ ،ﺎﻋﺎﻤِﺘﺟﺍ
-ﻻﺎﺒﻘِﺘﺳﺍ .
٣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻩﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﺀﺎﺟ ﺓﺪﺋﺍﺯ ﺀﺎﺘﺑ ﺍﺀﻭﺪﺒﻣ ﻰﺳﺍﺪﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻤﳋﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺍﺫﺇ
ﻩﺮﺧﺁ ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻣ ﻢﺿ ﻊﻣ ﺔﻴﺿﺎﻣ ﻥﺯﻭ .
ﻞﺜﻣ : ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺝﺮﺣﺪﺗ ،ﺎﻣﺪﻘﺗ –
ﺎﺟﺮﺣﺪﺗ .
٨
ﺝ
-ﻪﻨﺍﺯﻭﺃﻭ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ
ﺴﻘﺗ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻢ ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﳘﻭ ،ﻝﻭﺆﳌﺍﻭ ﺢﻳﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ
:
١
(
ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ ﺔﺜﻼﺜﻝ ﺢﻴﺭﺼﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
:
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ : ﲎﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺩ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻫ ﻰﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺩﺮﳎ
: ﻞﺧﺪﻳﻭ ،ﺔﻠﹾﻛﺃ ،ﺔﺑﺮﺿ
ﰲ ﺓﺮﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺪﻳ ﺎﻫﺎﻨﻌﻣﻭ ﺔﺌﻴﳍﺍﻭ ﺓﺮﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻧ .
ﱏﺎﺜﻟﺍ : ﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰲﻭ ﺩﺮﳎ ﲎﻌﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺩ ﺎﻣ ﻮﻫﻭ ﻰﻤﻴ
ﻭﺃ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺓﺪﺋﺍﺯ ﻢﻴﻣ ﻪﻟ :
ﺎﺒﹶﻠﹾﻄﻣ
ﺎﺿﺮﻌﻣﻭ ﺍﺪﻐﻣﻭ .
ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ : ﻆﻔﻟ ﻞﻛ ﻮﻫﻭ ﻰﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ )
ﻖﺘﺸﻣﻭ ﺪﻣﺎﺟ (
ﻥﺎﻓﺮﺣ ﻩﺮﺧﺁ ﰱ ﺪﻳﺯ
ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺖﻴﻧﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺗ ﺎﻫﺪﻌﺑ ﺓﺩﺪﺸﳌﺍ ﺀﺎﻳ ﺎﳘ :
،ﺔﻴﻧﺎﺴﻧﺇ ،ﺔﻴﻛﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ
،ﺔﻴﻤﻛ ،ﺔﻳﺮﺣ ﺔﻴﻨﻃﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺆﺴﻣ
.
٩
٢
(
لﻭﺅﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
ﹾﻥﺃ ﻪﻘﺒﺳ ﻯﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻮﻫ ﻝﻭﺆﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺎﻴﺿﺎﻣ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﻳﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﺎﻣ ﻭﺃ
ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ،ﺎﻋﺭﺎﻀﻣ ﻭﺃ :
ﻢﻜﻴﻠﻋ ﺐﳚ ﻥﺃ
ﻭ ،ﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﰱ ﺍﻭﺮﻀﲢ ﻥﺃ
،ﻢﻜﻟ ﲑﺧ ﺍﻮﻣﻮﺼﺗ
٨
،;!8< دا=> ا
... ، ص . ٣٥ .
٩
FG" س
،
" اا ا ،
) 5IJ : ،فر8!ا راد ١١١٩
( ط ٤ ج ، ٣ ص ، . ١٨٢ – ١٨١ .
١٠
ﲎﺒﺠﻌﻳ ﺎﻣ
ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺁ ﻦﻣ ﺃﺮﻘﺗ .
ﰲ ﺎﻧﺪﺟﻮﻟ ،ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ ﺎﻨﻠﻣﺄﺗ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ﲔﺘﻠﻤﳉﺍ
ﲔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ "
ﻉﺭﺎﻀﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻓﻭ ﺎﻣ ﻭ ﻉﺭﺎﻀﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻓﻭ ﹾﻥﺃ ."
١٠
ﺘﻟ ﻮ ﺎﻤﻛ ،ﺕﺍﻮﻄﳋﺍ ﻊﺒﺘﻧ ﻝﻭﺆﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺢﻴﺿ ﻰﻠﻳ
:
١ -ﺍ ﺮﺨﺘﺳ ﺍ ﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺢﻳﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺝ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟ
ﰲ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻓ ،ﺎﻣ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺃ ﺪﻌﺑ
ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ :
ﺃﺮﻘﺗ ،ﺍﻮﻣﻮﺼﺗ ،ﺍﻭﺮﻀﲢ .
٢ -ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻂﺒﺿ ﺍﺬﻜﻫ ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ ﺐﺴﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ
" ﺭﻮﻀﺣ " ﻭ ﻞﻋﺎﻓ ﺎﻷ ﺔﻋﻮﻓﺮﻣ
" ﻡﻮﺻ " ﻭ ﺃﺪﺘﺒﻣ ﺎﻷ ﺔﻋﻮﻓﺮﻣ "
ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ " ﻞﻋﺎﻓ ﺎﻷ .
٣ -ﰲ ﺃﺪﺘﺒﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﻩﺪﻌﺑ ﺮﻛﺫ ﻥﻮﻜﻴﻓ ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ
" ﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻣﻮﺻﻭ ﻢﻛ ﻢﻜ
ﺗﺀﺍﺮﻗﻭ ﻚ ."
٤ -ﻂﺒﺿ ﰲ ﺎﻤﻛ ﺢﻳﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ
ِﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﰱ ﺮﳉﺎﺑ
ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﻓ ،ﺍﺭﻭﺮﳎ ﻪﺑﺮﻌﻧﻭ "
ﻢﻛﺭﻮﻀﺣ ﻢﻜﻴﻠﻋ ﺐﳚ ِﻞﺼﻔﻟﺍ ﰱ
" ﰲﻭ
ﱏﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ "
ﲑﺧ ﻢﻜﻟ " ﰲﻭ ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ "
ِﺕﺎﻳﺁ ﻦﻣ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ
."
١١
ﺩ
لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻰﻓ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻤ
ﻦﻋ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺢﺿﻮﺗ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﻭ ﻞﺒﻗﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻊﻗﺍﻮﻣ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻣﻭ ﺏﺍﺮﻋﻹﺍ
ﰲ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﳉﺍ
. ﹼﻥﻷ ﰲ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺚﲝ ﲑﻴﻐﺗ ﻮﻫ ﺏﺍﺮﻋﻹﺎﻓ ،ﺏﺍﺮﻋﻹﺍ ﺙﻮﲝ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻤﳉﺍ
ﺍﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻈﻔﻟ ﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋ ﺔﻠﺧﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻌﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﻻ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺃ .
ﺔﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻪﻣﺎﺴﻗﺃﻭ :
،ﻊﻓﺭ
ﻡﺰﺟﻭ ،ﺾﻔﺧ ،ﺐﺼﻧ .
ﺃ
(
ﻓﺭﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﻋﺇ
ﻉﻭ
ﻋﻮﻓﺮﻣ ﺣﺇ ﺀﺎﲰﻷﺍ ﺕﺎ ﺓﺮﺸﻋ ﻯﺪ
: ،ﺃﺪﺘﺒﻣ ،ﱪﺧ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻢﺳﺍ ،ﻞﻋﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺐﺋﺎﻧ ،ﻞﻋﺎﻓ
ﻉﻮﻓﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ،ﹼﻥﺇ ﱪﺧ ،ﺎﺍﻮﺧﺃﻭ )
ﻝﺪﺑﻭ ﺪﻛﻮﺗ ،ﻒﻄﻋ ،ﺖﻌﻧ .(
١٢
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻤﻴﻓﻭ
ﻉﻮﻓﺮﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ :
١٠
،FG" س " اا ا
... ،
ص . ١٨٤ – ١٨٣ .
١١
،FG" س " اا ا
...
١١ ١ -ﺃﺪﺘﺒﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻞﻛ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺐﺟﺍﻭ ٢ -ﺍﱪﺧ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﺸﻟﺍ ﺮﻜ ﷲﺍ ﺔﻤﻌﻨﺑ ٣ -ﻼﻋﺎﻓ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﺖﻠﺻﻭ ﹸﺓﻮﻋﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ٤ -ﻞﻋﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺐﺋﺎﻧ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﹸﺬﺧﺆﻳ ﻰﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻱﺃﺭ ﻢﻜﳊﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻋ ٥ -ﻥﺎﻛ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﹸﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﺔﺒﺟﺍﻭ ﺀﺍﺮﻘﻔﻟﺍ ٦ -ﻥﺇ ﱪﺧ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﹼﻥﺇ ﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻖﻠ ﺔﳝﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﺧﻷﺎﺑ ٧ -ﻉﻮﻓﺮﻤﻠﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : • ﻻﺪﺑ : ﻢﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﲎﻌﻔﻧ ﻪﻤﻠﻋ • ﺎﻓﻮﻄﻌﻣ : ﷲﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺼﻧ ﺐﻳﺮﻗ ﺢﺘﻓﻭ • ﺎﺘﻌﻧ : ﻞﺟﺭ ﹲﻝﺪﻋ ﻪﻟﺰـﻨﻣ ﰱ . • ﺍﺪﻛﻮﺗ : ﹸﺔﻳﺮﳊﺍ ﹸﺔﻳﺮﳊﺍ ﻄﻣ ﻰﻠﻏﺃ ﺐﻠ
ﺏ
(
ﺏﻭﺼﻨﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﻋﺇ
ﻷﺍ ﺔﺑﻮﺼﻨﻣ ﺔﺴﲬ ﺀﺎﲰ ﺓﺮﺸﻋ : ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣﻭ ﻪﻠﺟﻷ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣﻭ ﻖﻠﻄﻣ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﺍﻮﺧﺃﻭ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱪﺧﻭ ﹼﻥﺇ ﻢﺳﺍﻭ ﺲﻨﺠﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻻﻭ ﲎﺜﺘﺴﻣﻭ ﺰﻴﻴﲤﻭ ﻝﺎﺣﻭ ﻪﻌﻣ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣﻭ ﺏﻮﺼﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﻊﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍﻭ ) ﻭ ﻝﺪﺑﻭ ﻒﻄﻋ ﺖﻌﻧ .( ١٣ ﻰﻠﻳ ﺎﻣ ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍﻭ : ١ -ﻻﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ،ﻪﺑ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻦﻠﻌﻳ ﺮﻳﺪﳌﺍ َﺀﺎﻬﺘﻧﺇ ﻲﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ٢ -ﻻﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻖﻠﻄﻣ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﹼﻠﻋ ﻩﺬﻴﻣﻼﺗ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻷﺍ ﻢ ﺎﻤﹾﻠﻋ ٣ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻻﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻪﻠﺟﻷ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﺖﺌﺟ ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﹰﺔﺒﻏﺭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﰱ ٤ -ﻻﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻪﻌﻣ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﺏﻷﺍ ﺝﺮﺧ ﺮﺠﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻠﹸﻃﻭ ٥ -ﻻﻮﻌﻔﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻪﻴﻓ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﺖﺴﻠﺟ ﺏﺮﹶﻗ ﻦﺴﺣ ٦ -ﻻﺎﺣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ . ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻢﳍﺍﻮﻣﺃ ﻥﻮﻘﻔﻨﻳ ﺮِﺳ ﹰﺔﻴﻧﻼﻋﻭ ﺍ ١٢ ،;!8< دا=> ا ... ص ، . ٢٩ . ١٣F&NOا IJ
١٢
٧ -ﺍﺰﻴﻴﲤ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ .
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﺱﺭﺪﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻟﺍ
ﹰﺓﱪﺧ
٨ -ﲎﺜﺘﺴﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ .
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻻﺇ ﻰﻘﺸﺘﻟ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻨﻟﺰﻧﺃ ﺎﻣ ﹰﺓﺮﻛﺬﺗ
ﻰﺸﳜ ﻦﳌ
٩ -ﺎﺍﻮﺧﺃﻭ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱪﺧ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ .
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻥﺎﻀﻣﺭ ﻡﻮﺻ ﻥﺎﻛﻭ ﺍﺮﻣﺃ
ﷲﺍ ﻦﻣ
١٠ -ﺲﻨﳉﺍ ﻰﻔﻨﻟ ﱴﻟﺍ ﻻ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ .
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﻻ ﻩﺍﺮﻛﺇ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍ ﰱ
١١ -ﺎﺍﻮﺧﺃﻭ ﹼﻥﺇ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ .
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ : ﹼﻥﺇ ﺪﻤﳊﺍ ﹶﺔﻤﻌﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻟ ﻚﻳﺮﺷ ﻻ ﻚﻠﳌﺍﻭ ﻚﻟ
١٢ -،ﺏﻮﺼﻨﻤﻠﻟ ﺎﻌﺑﺎﺗ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ
:
• ﺎﻓﻮﻄﻌﻣ : ﹼﻥﺇ ﺓﺩﺎﻌﺴﻟﺍ ﹶﺔﻣﺍﺮﻜﻟﺍﻭ
ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﺎﳍﺎﻨﻳ
• ﻝﺪﺑ : ﺘﺋﺍﺮﻗ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺖﻌﻔﻧﺃ ﺎﻬ
• ﺎﺘﻌﻧ :
ﻼﺟﺭ ﺐِﺣﹸﺃ ﺣ
ﺎﻨﺴ ﻪﹶﻘﻠﺧ
ﺝ
-ﻤﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼ-ﻤﻝﺍ ﺏﺍﺭﻋﺇ
ﺽﻭﻔﺨ
ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ،ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍﻭ ﺭﻭﺮﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﻳ ﺽﻮﻔﺨﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺏﺍﺮﻋﺇ :
١ -ﺍﺭﻭﺮﳎ : ﱃﺇ ﻥﻮﺟﺎﺘﳛ ﹸﻝﺎﻔﻃﻷﺍ ِﺔﻳﺎﻋﺮﻟﺍ
٢ -ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻑﺎﻀﳌﺍ :
ﻧ ﺪﻌﺑ ِﺡﺎﺠ ِﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ﹸﻗ ﱃﺇ ﺍﻮﻌﺟﺭ
١٣
ﺙﻝﺎﺜﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨ
ﺃ
-ﻻﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﻭﻬﻔﻤ
ﻱﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨ
(Introduction to Infinitive)
ﺮﻌﺗ ﻥﻵﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰱ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺤﺿﻭ ﺪﻘﻟ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻑ
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ
ﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﺀﺍﺭﺁ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻫ ﻚﺌﻟﻭﺃ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
:
G. C. Scot
ﲎﻌﻣ ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ
Verb form or verbal
noun
١
ﻝﺎﻗﻭ
Hans wehr
ﻮﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﹼﻥﺃ ﻪﻤﺠﻌﻣ ﰱ
Verbal noun infinitive
٢ ، ﻝﺎﻗﻭ
W.
Wright
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﹼﻥﺃ
or abstract substantive Nomen verb
٣
، ﰒ ﻻﺎﻗ
Sylvia Chalker &
Edmund Weiner
ﻼﲪ ﲎﻌﻣ
Verbal noun
.
٤ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻞﻫﺃ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛﻭ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺘﺴﻳ ﻥﻮﻣﺪﺨ ﻆﻔﻟ
Infinitive .
٥ ﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﻤﻠﻟ ﻻ
ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒ ﻢﻬﻀﻌﺑ :
١G. C. Scott, Practical Arabic, (London, Longmas:
١٩٦٢), Firs Publishied, P ٥٢-٥٣.
٢ Hans Wehr and Milton Cowan, A Dictionary of Modern Witten Arabic, (London:
Harrosowitz,Wibaden: ١٩٧١), P ٥٠٧.
٣W. Wright, L.L.D, A Grammer of the Arabic Language (New York: Cambridge University Press: ١٩٨١), P ١٩٥.
٤ Sylvia Chalker Edmund Weiner, The Oxpord Dictionary of English Grammar, (New York:
Oxpord University Press, ١٩٩٤), P ١٧١.
٥ Munir al Baal Baki, Al-Maurid Modern English Arabic Dictionary, (Libanon: Dar el
١٤
١. Warriner: “Infinitive is a verb form, unusually preceded by to that is used as noun, adjective or adverb”.٦
٢. Noun Infinitives: “An infinitive is to plus a verb form. It can be used as a noun. Examples: to be, to see, to be seen, to be eaten”.٧
٣. A verb's infinitive is its unmarked form, such as be, do, have, or sit, often introduced by the particle to.٨
ﺭ ﻥﺃ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺃ ﻌﻟﺍ
ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠ ﳜ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﰲ ﻥﻮﻔﻠﺘ ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﲎﻌﻣ
ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒ ﻢﻬﻨﻜﻟ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻮﻘﻔﺗﺇ ﹼﻥﺃ
ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﻱ
Infinitive
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻞﺻﺃ
the base of the verb
ﺔﻤﻠﻜﺑ ﻝﻭﺆﻣﻭ
Preceded
by to
.
ﺏ
-ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺃ
)
Classification of Infinitive
(
ﻢﺴﻗ ﻥﻮﺟ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﱂﺎﻋ ﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﻗ ﱃﺇ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻳ ﲔﻤﺴ
: ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﻰﲰ
. ٩
ﰲ ﻥﺎﻗﺭﺎﻔﺘﻣﻭ ﻎﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻥﺎﻳﻭﺎﺴﺘﻣ ﺎﻤﺃ ﺏﺍﺮﻋﻹﺍ
.
١ . ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻰﲰ
(The Noun Infinitive)
٢ . ﻰﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ
(The Gerundial Infinitive)
ﺝ
ﻪﻨﺍﺯﻭﺃﻭ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻉﺍﻭﻨﺃ
)
Varieties and Form Infinitive
(
ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﺤﺿﻭ ﺪﻘﻟ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﰲ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﺦﻳﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﺑ ﻲﻫ ﱴﻟﺍ ﻪﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃﻭ ﻪﻋﺍﻮﻧﺃ
ﻝﻭﺆﳌﺍﻭ . ﻰﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻰﻤﻴﳌﺍﻭ ،ﻰﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻢﺴﻘﻨﻳ ﺦﻳﺮﺼﻟﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ .
ﻞﺧﺪﻳ ﻰﻠﺻﻷﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍﻭ
ﳍﺍﻭ ﺓﺮﳌﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺔﺌﻴ
. ﻞﻌﻓ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﻴﻓ ﻪﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃ ﺎﻣﺃ ،ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍﻭ ﺩﺮﺍ ﻰﻋﺎﺑﺮﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺪﻳﺰﳌﺍﻭ ﺩﺮﺍ ﻰﺛﻼﺛ
ﺳﺍﺪﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﺳﺎﻤﳋﺍﻭ ﻰ
.
ﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺴﻘﻳ ﲔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﻥﻮﻤ ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﲔﻤﺴﻗ ﱃﺇ :
ﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﺑ ﻝﻭﺆ
to
ﺎﻭﺩﻭ
Infinitive with to and infinitive bare
.
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰲ
Infinitive with to
ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﰲ
٦ Jhon E Warriner’s, Warriner’s English Grammer and Composition, (Hourcourt Brave
Jovanovich, ١٩٨٢), P. ٩٧.
٧Http://www.dailygrammar.com/emails/Lesson
٪٢٠٢١٦.htm
٨Http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitive
٩Jhon Suryadi Hartanto, ABC English Grammer, (Surabaya: Indah Publisher,
١٥
ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺎﲰﺍ ، ﺔﻔﺻ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺮﻇ ﻮﻫﻭ ، ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺪﻌﺑﻭ ، ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ
ﻡﺯﻻ ، ﺪﻌﺑ ﺕﺎﻨﺋﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﺷﺎﺒﻣ
ﻓﻷﺍ ﻝﺎﻌ ﺔﻳﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺓﲑﺜﻛ ، ﺪﻌﺑ ﻡﺯﻼﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ .
ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻢﺘﻳ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻋ ﺎﻤﻛ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻲﺴﻴﺋﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﺩ
، ﻪﺑ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ
ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﺔﻃﻭﺮﺸﳌﺍ
) ﻑﻮﺳ ،ﻞﺜﻣ ﻦﻜﳝ
، ﻭﺃ
ﺐﳚ (،
similary
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﻊﻣ
ﺓﺪﻋ ﻭﺃ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﺒﺒﺴﻟﺍ ، ﻥﺃ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻥﺎﻛ ﻞﻀﻓﺃ ﲑﺒﻌﺗ .
ﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻮﻫ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻋ ﺱﻮﻣﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻞﻜﺷ
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ، ﻭ ﻮﻫ ﺎﻣﻮﻤﻋ ﻞﻜﺷ
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻰﻘﻠﺘﻳ ﺎﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ،
ﻻﺇ ﻥﺃ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻪﺴﻔﻧ
ﻡﺪﺨﺘﺴﻳ ﺓﺩﺎﻋ
ﱃﺇ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ . ، ﻚﻟﺬﺑ "
ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﻞﻬﻤﺘﻟﺍ ' ﲏﻌﻳ ' ﲑﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺀﻂﺒﺑ . ﻞﻜﺷ ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻣﺍﺰﺘﺗ ﻊﻣ ﻞﻴﻜﺸﺗ ﻲﻃﺮﺷ
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﻚﻟﺬﻛﻭ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﻲﻤﺘﺣ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ ،
ﻢﻈﻌﻣ ﺓﺎﺤﻨﻟﺍ ﱪﺘﻌﻧ ﻻ ﺕﺎﻣﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ﻻﺍ
ﺔﻴﻟﺎﳊﺍ ﺕﻻﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳ ﻲﻃﺮﺷ
ﻭﺃ ﻱﺭﻭﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻥﺃ
ﻦﻣ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﺔﻳﺭﺎﻌﻟﺍ . ١٠ ﺔﻤﻠﻜﺑ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ
to
ﺪﻨﻋ
Fuad Mas’ud
ﻥﺍﺯﻭﺃ ﻪﻟ :
،ﻉﺭﺎﻀﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻎﻴﺻ
ﻝﻮﻬﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻰﺿﺎﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ
Continous, Perfect, Passive infinitive
ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰒ
ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ
infinitive bare “to”
ﻥﺎﻧﺯﻭ ﻪﻟ :
ﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﺑ ﻝﻭﺆﻣ
(affix auxiliary)
ﻞﻌﻓﻭ
verb .
١١
١
لو را
)
Infinitive with to
(
ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﱃﺇ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻢﺴﻘﻨﻳ ﻪﻧﺃ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﰱ ﺩﻮﻌﺴﻣ ﺩﺍﺆﻓ ﻯﺃﺭ
ﻡﻼﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻎﻴﺻ :
a. Continous Infinitive
• Present (S + To be + VI + Ing)
• Perfect (S + To Have/Has been + VI + Ing) b. Perfect Infinitive (S + To Have/Has + V٣)
c. Passive Infinitive
• Simple (O + To be + V٣ + S)
• Perfect (O + To has/have + V٣ + S)
Examples:
١٠Http://en. Wikipedia.org/wiki/Infinitive
١١Fuad Mas’ud, Essential of English Grammer, (Yogyakarta: IKAPI.
١٦
a. (١) A child to be respecting his
parents
(٢) The visitor to has been taking
the passport
١ . ﺪﻟﻮﻠﻟ ﻡﺰﻠﻳ ﺴﺣ
ﺎﻨ ﻪﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ
٢ . ﺢﺋﺎﺴﻠﻟ ﺐﳚ ﺍ
ﺫﺎﲣ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﺓﺰﺋﺎﺟ
b.The teacher has taugh the student ﻪﺑﻼﻃ ﹶﺔﻴﺑﺮﺗ ﺫﺎﺘﺳﻸﻟ ﻡﺰﻠﻳ c. (١) The opinion wich have appeared
by Syafi’i to have been taken (٢) The books on the shelf to be
read in the room
١ . ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ﺬﺧﺆﺗ ﻥﺃ َﺀﺍﺭﻵﺍ
ﱵﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺟﺮﺧﺃ
ﻰﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ٢ . ﻰﺟﺮﺗ ﺃﺮﻘﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ
ﰲ ﻑﺮﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ
ﺓﺮﺠﳊﺍ
ﺡﺎﻀﻳﻹﺍ :
ﺍﺫﺇ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻞﻣﺄﺘﺗ ﰲ
ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ
a (١) To be, To Have ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ
ﺰﻴﻠﳒ ﻱ
“Infinitive”
ﻻﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻢﺳ
A child,The visitor
ﻣﺃ ،ﺔﻠﻋﺎﻓ ﺎ
" ﺬﺧﺄﺗ ﻥﺃﻭ ﺃﺮﻘﺗ ﻥﺃ "
ﻓ ﻥﺎﻧﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻤﻬ
ﺍ ﱮﺋﺎﻧ ﲔﻟﻭﺆﳌﺍ ﻦﻳﺭﺪﺼﻤﻠﻟ ﻞﻋﺎﻔﻟ "
ﻰﺟﺮﺗﻭ ﻰﺟﺮﻳ ."
٢
-آ نو را
(Infinitive Bare)“to”
ﺎﻤﻬﻓ ،ﲔﺘﻐﻴﺻ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﻳ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﳍﻭ :
ﻝﻭﻷﺍ : ﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
(affix auxiliary)
ﻣﺃ
ﻪﻧﺯﻭ ﺎ
:
(S + Aux +
Infinitive)
ﱏﺎﺜﻟﺍ : ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
(Verb)
ﻪﻧﺯﻮﻓ
:
(S. Noun/Pronoun +Infinitive)
١ . ِﺪﻗﺃ ﺎﻧﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭ ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﻪﺑ ﻢﻘﺗ ﱂ ﺎﲟ
٢ . ﻊﺠﺸﻳ ﻻ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻮﻫ
ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﻪﺑ
(S + Aux + Infinitive)
١. I can do what you can’t do ٢. He doesn’t do that
١ . ﻌﺷ ﻝﺰـﻨﳌﺍ ﺎﻧﺮ ﻳ
ﺰﻬ
٢ . ﲎﻋﺩ ﺐﻫﺫﺃ
(S. Noun/Pronoun + Infinitive)
١. We felt the house shake ٢. Let me go
١٧
ﺡﺎﻀﻳﻹﺍ :
ﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒ
ﻯﺮﺗ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﰲ )
١ (
Infinitive do, do
ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ
to
ﻥﻮﻜﻳﻭ
ﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺔﻠﻤﳉﺍ ﰲ
Auxiliary can
ﱏﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﰲﻭ :
Infinitive shake, go (es)
ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ
to ﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﻳ ﻢﻠﻓ
Auxiliary
ﻞﺒﻗ ﻦﻣ .
ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ : ﲡ ﺪ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺍﲑﺜﻛ ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
to ﻢﺳﻻﺎﺑ ﻰﻘﻠﺘﺗ
(to + noun/pronoun)
ﻝﺎﺜﻣ :
To the zoo, to the him town
ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻮﻬﻓ
Infinitive
. ﺗﻭ ﺽﺮﻌ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻥﻵﺍ
John “Infinitive Noun”
ﻪﻨﻳﻮﻜﺗ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻛ ﰲ .
١
(
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻢﺳﻻﺍ )
ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺧﺁ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺰﺑ
(ance/ence, t, y, ment, tion/ion, action/ition
٢
(
ﺔﻔﺼﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻢﺳﻻﺍ )
ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺧﺁ ﺐﻠﻗ ﻭﺃ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺰﺑ
(ence, ness
٣
(
ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻢﺳﻻﺍ )
ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺮﺧﺁ ﺓﺩﺎﻳﺰﺑ
(‘ing’ gerund
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
Infinitive Noun
Verb
Suffixs
ﺭﺍﺪﺻﻹﺍ
Advertisement Advertise
a. ment
ﻕﺎﻔﺗﻻﺍ
Agreement Agree
ﻱﺃﺭ
Argument Argue
ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ
Development Develop
ﺔﻴﻠﺴﺗ
Entertainment Entertain
ﺔﻠﺼﻟﺍ
Connection Connect
b. ion/tion
ﺩﺎﲢﻻﺍ
Association Associate
ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ
Action Act
ﻊﲨ
Collection Collect
ﺓﺮﻴِﺣ
١٨
ﺐﺠﻌﺘﻟﺍ
Admiration Admire
c.
ation/cation/ition
ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﳌﺍ
Competition Compete
ﺏﺎﻄﳋﺍ
Application Apply
ﺭﺍﺮﻜﺗ
Repetition Repeat
ﺀﺎﺟﺭ
Expectation Expect
ﺭﻮﻀﳊﺍ
Attendance Attend
d. ance/ence
ﺔﻋﺎﻄﻟﺍ
Obedience Obey
ﻝﻮﺧﺪﻟﺍ
Entrance Enter
ﺓﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ
Assistance Assist
ﻕﺮﻓ
Difference Differ
ﻉﻮﻠﻫ
Complaint
Complain e. –t
ﺮﻜﳌﺍ
Deceit Deceive
ﻥﺍﺮﻴﻃ
Flight Fly
ﻯﻮﺘﳏ
Content Contain
ﺔﻳﺭﺫ
Descent Descend
ﺡﺮﳉﺍ
Injury Injure
e. –y
ﺀﺎﻔﺸﻟﺍ
Recovery Recover
ﻢﻴﻠﺴﺗ
Delivery Deliver
ﺩﻮﺟﻭ
Discovery Discover
١٩
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
Infinitive Noun
Adjective
Suffixs
ﻥﺎﺴﺣﻻﺍ
ﺡﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻕﺪﺼﻟﺍ
ﻥﺰﳊﺍ
ﱪﺼﻟﺍ ﻢﻫ
Goodness Happiness Politeness Sadness
Patience Importance
Good Happy Polite Sad
Patient
Important
a. –ness
b. –ence/ance
ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
Infinitive Noun
Verb
Suffixs
ﺔﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ
ﺓﺀﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ
ﻢﻠﻌﺘﻟﺍ
ﺔﺒﻌﻠﻟﺍ
ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ
ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ
Writing Reading Studying Playing
Saying Changing
Write Read Study
Play Say Change
Gerund ‘ing’
ﲎﻌﳌﺎﺑ ﺀﺎﲰﻻﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗﻭ
“Infinitive noun”
ﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺎﺑ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﺗ ﻱ
“Infinitive”
ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰲ
١٢
.
ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ :
Infinitive:
To swim is good for health
They forgot to tell me about exam The tourist come to enjoy our scenery
١٢Betty Schampfer, Understanding and Using English Grammer, (USA: New Jersey, Prantince
٢٠
ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ :
Gerund:
Swimming is good for health They forgot telling me about exam The tourist come enjoying our scenery
ﺩ
لﻤﺠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻤ
(Places Of Infinitive in Sentences)
ﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺣ ﺪﻘﻟ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻠﻟ ﺖﻗﻮ
ﻟ ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻦﻋ ﻡﻼﻜﻠ ﻪﻌﻗﻮﻣ
ﻞﻤﳉﺍ ﰲ .
ﺎﻣﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ
ﻱﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﻻﺇ
ﺖﻌﻨﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻑﺮﻈﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻢﺳﻻﺎﻛ ﻞﻤﻌﻳ .
ﻦﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒﻻﺍ ﺀﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻝﺎﻗﻭ :
and Warriner: “Infinitive, it acts as a noun, adverb or as adjective”
Mortimer SH
ﻳ ﻱﺃﺮﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ ﺐﺳﺎﻨ
ﱃﺇ
Betty S, Fuad M, John
١ (
ﻰﻤﺴﻻﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
(The Noun Infinitive)
ﻭﺃ ﺮﳉﺍ ﻑﺮﲝ ﺽﻮﻔﳐﻭ ،ﻝﻮﻌﻔﳌﺍﻭ ،ﱪﳋﺍﻭ ،ﻞﻋﺎﻔﻟﺎﻛ ﻞﻤﻌﻳ ﺎﲰﺍ ﺎﻨﻫ ﺭﺪﺼﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ،ﱏﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﳌﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﺀﺍﺪﻨﻟﺍ ﺖﻣﺯﻻ ﺀﺎﲰﺃﻭ
.
ﻻﻭﺃ : ﳌﺍ ﺃﺪﺘﺒ
(Subject)
Examples:
To recite holy Qur’an is god action To swim is god for health
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ :
ﹸﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ ﺔﳊﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ
ﺡﺎﺒﺴﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻤﺴﳉﺍ ﺔﺤﺼﻠﻟ ﻦﺴﳛ
ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ
: ﱪﳋﺍ
(Subject Complement)
Examples:
You are to do your homework Topray is to do from God
٢١
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ : ﻚﻴﻠﻋ ﺐﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ
ﱃﺰـﻨﳌﺍ ﻚﻠﻤﻌﺑ
ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍ ﺮﻣﺃ ﷲﺍ ﻦﻣ
ﻝﺎﻤﻋﻷﺍ ﻞﻀﻓﺍ ﺮﻜﺸﻟﺍ
ﻋ ﷲﺍ ﻰﻠ
ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ
: ﻝﻮﻌﻔﳌﺍ
(Object)
Examples:
They forgot to tell me about exam
She hopes to change the old attitude toward women in engineering Mohammad begins to recite the holy Qur’an
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ : ﻮﺴﻨﻳ ﻢﻫ ﻧ
ﲎ ﺭﺎﺒﺧﺇ ﻥﺎﺤﺘﻣﻹﺍ
ﺔﻠﻴﺒﻧ ﻰﺟﺮﺗ ﹶﻞﻳﻮﲢ
ﻰﺟﻮﻟﻮﻨﻜﺗ ﺮﺼﻋ ﰲ ﺔﳝﺪﻘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻋ
ﺪﻤﳏ ﺃﺪﺒﻳ ﹶﺓﺀﺍﺮﻗ
ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ
ﺎﻌﺑﺍﺭ
: ﺔﻓﺎﺿﻹﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺮﳉﺍ ﻑﺮﲝ ﺽﻮﻔﳐ
(Object of the preposition)
Examples:
He desire nothing except to succeed Salma is about to go abroad
My Grandmother is about to die
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ :
ﺩﺍﺭﺃ ﺎﻣ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻟﺍ ﺎﺌﻴﺷ ِﺡﺎﺠﻨﻟﺍ ﻻﺇ
ﺔﻤﻠﺳ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ِﺏﺎﻫﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ
ﰐﺪﺟ ﺔﺒﻳﺮﻗ ِﺕﻮﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ
٢٢
ﺎﺴﻣﺎﺧ : ﱏﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﳌﺍ
(object Complement)
Examples:
She advise me to do the cooking
Fatimah persuaded her frend to come for visit
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ : ﲎﺘﺤﺼﻧ ﻲﻣﺃ
ﻡﺎﻴﻗ ﱃﺇ ﺦﺒﻄﻟﺎﺑ
ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻣﺯ ﺔﻤﻃﺎﻓ ﺖﻋﺩ ﺓﺭﺎﻳﺰﻟ
ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺑ
ﺎﺳﺩﺎﺳ : ﺀﺍﺪﻨﻟﺍ ﺖﻣﺯﻻ ﺀﺎﲰﺃ
(Exlamation)
Examples:
Foolish fellow! To suppose that you could be pardoned
ﻝﺎﻬﺟﺎﻳ ! ﺕﺎﻬﻴﻫ ﻝﺎﻨﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺖﻧﺃ ﻙﻮﻔﻋ
٢ (
ﻠﻌﻔﻝﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ
ﻰ
(Gerundial Infinitive)
ﺍ ﻰﻠﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﺖﻌﻨﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﺪﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻪﻠﺟﻷ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﳌﺎﻛ ﻞﻤﻌﻳﻭ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻢﺳ
.
ﻻﻭﺃ : ﻪﻠﺟﻷ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﳌﺍ
(Adverb)
Examples:
The tourist come to enjoy our scenery He cameto see the flower show
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ : ﺢﺋﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺟ ﺎﻌﺘﲤ
ﰲ ﺮﻇﺎﻨﳌﺎﺑ ﺎﻧﺩﻼﺑ
ﺏﻼﻄﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﺟ ﺓﺮﻈﻧ
ﺓﺮﻫﺰﻟﺍ ﺽﺮﻌﳌ
ﺎﻴﻧﺎﺛ
: ﺖﻌﻨﻟﺍ
(Modifyng the adjective)
Examples:
Many English words are difficult to pronounce correctly
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ :
ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻻﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻛ ﺒﻌﺻ
٢٣
ﺎﺜﻟﺎﺛ : ﻝﺪﺒﻟﺍ
(Using it + Infinitive)
Examples:
me to help It is nice of Romlah
me his knowledge to teach
It is useful of the teacher
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ :
ﺖﺒﻠﻃ ﺔﻠﻣﺭ ﱃﺇ ﰐﺪﻋﺎﺴﳌ
ﻢﻠﻌﳌﺍ ﲎﻌﻔﻧ ﻪﻤﻠﻋ
ﺎﻌﺑﺍﺭ : ﻪﻴﻓ ﻝﻮﻌﻔﻣ
(Object in the Sentence)
Example:
there to go I didn’t know when
ﺔﻠﺜﻣﻷﺍ :
ﻣ ﱴﻣ ﺖﻓﺮﻋ ﺎ ﺏﺎﻫﺬﻟﺍ
٢٤
ا ل ا
يا را
(Verbs Followed by Gerunds)
ﺪﺼﻗ
Mean
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺭﺪﻗ
Afford
ﱃﺇ ﺝﺎﺘﺣﺍ
Need
ﻖﻔﺗﺍ ،ﻖﻓﺍﻭ
Agree
ﻡﺪﻗ
Offer
ﺢﻀﺗﺍ
Appear
ﺮﺑﺩ
Plan
ﺮﺑﺩ ،ﻢﻈﻧ
Arrange
ﺪﻋﺍ
Prepare
ﻡﺰﻋ ،ﺎﻋﺩ
Ask
ﻰﻋﺩﺍ
Pretend
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻉﺮﻀﺗ،ﻝﺄﺳ
Beg
ﺪﻋﻭ
Promise
ﻪﺑ ﱃﺎﺑ
Care
ﺾﻓﺭ
Refuse
ﻰﻋﺩﺍ
Claim
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺪﻧ
Regret
ﺮﺼﺣ
Concern
ﺮﻛﺬﺗ
Remember
ﻢﺘﺟ ،ﻡﺰﺟ
Decide
ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
Seen
ﺐﻟﺎﻃ
Deman
ﺩﺮﺷ
Struggle
ﻖﺤﺘﺳﺍ
Deserve
ﻢﺴﻗﺍ
Swear
ﺎﺟﻭ ،ﻞﻣﺍ
Expert
ﺩﺪ
Threaten
ﰲ ﺮﺼﻗ
Fail
ﻉﻮﻄﺗ
Volunteer
ﻰﺴﻧ
Forget
ﺮﻈﺘﻧﺍ
Wait
ﺩﺩﻮﺗ
Hestitate
ﺩﺍﺭﺍ
Want
ﺎﺟﺭ
Hope
ﰲ ﺐﻏﺭ
Wish
ﲎﻋ
Intend
ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻥﺃ ﰲ ﺐﻏﺭ
Would like
ﻢﻠﻌﺗ
Learn
٢٥
ا
يا را ا ت
(Adjectives Followed by Gerunds)
ﺮﺴﺤﺘﻣ
Sorry to
ﺭﻭﺮﺴﻣ
Glad to
ﻦﻳﺰﺟ
Sad to
ﺪﻴﻌﺳ
Happy to
ﻄﺿﺍ ﺏﺍﺮ
Upset to
ﻦﻋ ﺽﺍﺭ
Pleased to
ﻪﺑ ﻉﻮﻄﻘﻣ
Disappointed to
ـﺑ ﺩﺮﻓ
Delighted to
ﺭﻮﺨﻓ
Proud to
ﻊﻨﺗﺍ
Content to
ﻦﻣ ﺢﺘﺴﻣ
Ashamed to
ﻦﻋ ﺡﺮﻓ ،ﺪﻣﺍ
Relieved to
ﺀﻲﻬﻣ
Ready to
ﺚﻴﲞ
Lucky to
ﺪﻌﺘﺴﻣ
Prepare to
ﺩﻭﺪﳎ
Fortunate to
ﻕﺎﺘﺸﻣ
Anxious to
ﺭﺬﺤﺘﻣ
Careful to
ﰲ ﺐﻏﺍﺭ
Eager to
ﺭﺩﺮﺘﻣ
Hesitant to
ﺽﺍﺭ
Willing to
ﺾﻓﺍﺭ
Reluctant to
ﻰﻠﻋ ﺚﻌﺑ
Motivated to
ﻒﺋﺎﺧ
Afraid to
ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﺰﻋ
Determined to
ﺔﺸﻫﺩ
Surprised to
ﺓﺰﻫ
Shocked to
ﲑﺣ
Amazed to
ﺓﻮﻬﺷ
Stunned to
ﺲﻫﺪﻨﻣ
Asthonished to
٢٦
ﻊﺒﺍﺭﻝﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻝﺍ
ﺔﻴﺯﻴﻠﺠﻨﻻﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺒﺭﻌﻝﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻝﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻥﻴﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺭﺎﻘﻤﻝﺍ
ﺃ
.
ﻪﺠﻭﺃ
ﻪﺒﺎﺸﺘﻝﺍ
ﻥﻴﺭﺩﺼﻤﻝﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ
ﻧﺍﺯﻭﺃﻭ ﻪﻌﻗﺍﻮﻣﻭ ﺭﺪﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺃ ﺔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺖﻨﻴﺑ ﺪﻗ ﲔﺘﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﲔﺗﺎﻫ ﰲ ﻪ
) ﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﺰﻴﻠﳒ
(
