AN ANALYSIS OF CULTURE SHOCK FACED BY ERASMUS
MUNDUS STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH
MALANG IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
THESIS
By:
VANNY ARMITHA
08360059
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
on July 29th, 2013
Approved by:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, in the name of Allah, the beneficent and the merciful. All praises be to Allah, the lord of the worlds, who has given the blessing, health, strength and wonderful life, who always hears my pray, and gives me power, patience, and fluency in completing this study.
Many great thanks addressed to my best advisors, Drs. Estu Widodo, M.Hum and Drs. Soeparto, M.Pd for their times, advices, patience, and motivation. The best thanks also goes to all the lecturers of English department of University of Muhammadiyah Malang for teaching, guiding, and educating me.
Finally, special thank is delivered to my beloved father (Joko Srisoko), mother (Katini), grandmother (Aminah), sisters (Dima and Erlin), Aunt (Sihati), Uncle (Wasito Adi), and cousin (Sindi) and my beloved Bryan Noviastanto who always support me who always support and pray the best for me. Thanks also to my best frieds mbak Atin, mbak Mega, Feinna, Billy, Reza, Cwa, mbak Mita, Niken, Endah, Yuni, my subjects mas Agus, Astri, mbak Dian, mbak Izzah and Dana who help me in data collection process, and all my friends that I cannot mention one by one who are always there and color my life. (Keep on spirit and do the best for you life guys!)
Malang, July 2013
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
APPROVAL ………. i
LEGALIZATION ……… ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ……….. iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………... iv
ABSTRACT ………. v
TABLE OF CONTENT ……….. vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study ……… 1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ……… 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ……….. 4
1.4 Significance of the Study ……… 4
1.5 Scope and Limitation ……….. 4
1.6 Definition of Key Terms ……… 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 The Definition of Culture ……… 6
2.2 The Definition of Culture Diversity ……… 7
2.4 Types of Culture Shock ……… 10
2.4.1 Culture Shock of a Brand New Culture ………. 10
2.4.1.1 Culture Shock on Weather ……… 10
2.4.1.2 Culture Shock on Food ……… 11
2.4.1.3 Culture Shock on Language ……… 11
2.4.1.4 Culture Shock on Education System ………. 11
2.4.1.5 Culture Shock on Social Life ………. 12
2.4.1.6 Culture Shock on Habit ………. 12
2.4.2 Reserve Culture Shock ……….. 13
2.5 Stages of Culture Shock ……….. 13
2.5.1 Honeymoon Stage ……….. 13
2.5.2 Negotiation Stage ……… 14
2.5.3 Adjustment Stage ……… 15
2.5.4 Mastery Stage ………. 16
2.5 Cultural Adaptation ……….. 16
2.5.1 Models of Culture Adaptation ……… 17
2.5.1.2 The U-Curve Model ……… 17
2.5.1.3 The Transition Model ……… 19
2.5.1.4 The Communication-System Model ……… 22
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ……… 24
3.2 Population of Sample ……… 25
3.3 Method of Collecting Data ………. 25
3.4 Procedure of Collecting Data ………. 26
3.5 Data Analysis ………... 27
CHAPTER IV : FINDING AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Findings ……… 28
4.1.1 Culture Shock Faced by the Erasmus Mundus Students ………. 28
4.1.1.1 Culture Shock on Weather ……… 28
4.1.1.2 Culture Shock on Food ………. 29
4.1.1.3 Culture Shock on Language ………. 30
4.1.1.4 Culture Shock on Education System ……… 31
4.1.1.6 Culture Shock on Habit ……….. 33
4.1.2 The Way They Solved the Culture Shock ……….. 34
4.1.2.1 Solved the Culture Shock on Weather ……… 34
4.1.2.2 Solved the Culture Shock on Food ……….. 35
4.1.2.3 Solved the Culture Shock on Language ……….. 35
4.1.2.4 Solved the Culture Shock on Education System ………… 39
4.1.2.5 Solved the Culture Shock on Social Life ……… 39
4.1.2.6 Solved the Culture Shock on Habit ………. 40
4.3 Discussion ……… 40
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 5.1 Conclusion ……… 42
5.2 Suggestion ………. 43
5.2.1 Suggestion for the Students ……… 43
5.2.2 Suggestion for English Department Students ……… 44
5.2.3 Suggestion for University of Muhammadiyah Malang ………. 44
REFERENCE
APPENDIX 1 : The Result of Interview
REFERENCE
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction to Research in Education. Wadsworth Group: United State of America
Doherty & Chelladurai (in Claussen, Jae Ko, Rinehart, 2008 )
(http://kidshealth.org/teen/your_mind/emotions/culture_shock.html on , July
24, 2012 on 11.35).
Matsumoto, David. 1996. culture and psychology. Books/Cole Publishing Company:USA Communication, Experiences in Contexts. The McGraw-hill companies, Inc.
Martin, Judith N and Nakayama, Thomas K. 2000. Intercultural Communication in Context: Second edition. California: Mayfield Publishing Company
Oberg, lalervo. Dr,2009. Culture Shock. Wikipedia
Roshan.2002. Cultural Heritage Institute. www.roshan-institute.org/474552
Shulman, Myra. 2001. Culture Shock in Contrast. The University of Michigan press: United State of America
Smith. 2002. The Cycle of Cross-cultural Adaptation and Reentry
Shiraev, Eric and David Levy. 2007. Cross Cultural Psycology. Pearson Education, Inc: United State of America
1 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Chapter I of this research presents such as: background of study, statement of problems, purpose of study, and significance of study, scope and limitation, and definition of key terms. Each section is presented as follows:
1.1Background of Study
Culture is something that cannot be separated from the life of a nation. In the daily life of a country's society, culture is also used as identity of a country. It is as the existence of a nation in the eyes of other nations. It is something that reflects what kind of country it is. Culture includes behavior, norms, customs, beliefs and others that would always be passed down from generation to generation and it continues. Matsumoto (1996:16) states that culture is a set of attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people, but different for each individual, communicated from one generation to the next. Culture becomes something important to be maintained, so it not to be affected by other cultures who come from outside that sometimes do not correspond to the original culture of a country, remember about the growing development of international cooperation between countries to facilitate the entry of a new culture of a country. Therefore, the matters relating to culture are always considered as something sacred and honorable.
2 perception of time, the meaning of health, community, and so on. It is also stated by Fitriani (2011) actually, each country, island and city has different culture because people who live in one place will live with their own way, their own habit and custom.
Because of these differences then this often leads to culture shock in students from one country who study to other countries. Putri (2011) states that living in different country means that we will get something new from our new living. The differences of the culture in foreign country may visible and may cause big opportunity of people in getting culture shock in the new place. This happens because they are unfamiliar with the environment and the customs of the countries they visit. This is not a disease but a natural thing and can happen to anyone.
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odds with that our own. Therefore, people who experience culture shock will feel isolated because it is difficult to adapt to his new environment.
Erasmus Mundus is kind of scholarship program which aims to enhance quality in higher education through scholarship and academic cooperation between Europe and the rest of the world. Erasmus Mundus comprises three actions, Erasmus Mundus Joint Programmes, Erasmus Mundus Partnerships, and Attractiveness Projects. Erasmus Mundus Joint Programmes funds a number of scholars studying or teaching in Erasmus Mundus master courses. The scholarships cover participation costs, subsistence cost and insurance for the duration of the study period. Many students have the right the right to a contribution to travel costs. Erasmus Mundus Partnerships bring together higher education institutions from Europe on the one hand and from a particular region in the world on the other. Scholarships cover participation costs, subsistence cost, insurance for the duration of the study period, plus a contribution to travel costs. Attractiveness Projects Erasmus Mundus is project to enhance the attractiveness and visibility of European higher education worldwide. Activities focus in particular on the international dimension of higher education, often targeting a particular region or academic discipline.
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1.2Statement of Problems
1. What are culture shocks faced by Erasmus Mundus students of University of Muhammadiyah Malang in European countries?
2. To know how the Erasmus Mundus students deal with their culture shock
1.4Significance of Study
It is hoped that the result of this research will be useful for the readers, University of Muhammadiyah students, and lectures. for the readers and students it will give them information about culture shock they will faced if they go abroad and the guidance how to solve the culture shock so they will know what to be prepared. For the lectures it will give more knowledge for material in Cross Culture Understanding subject.
1.5Scope and Limitation
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1.6Definition of Key Terms
Culture: is a set of attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of
people, but different for each individual, communicated from one generation to the next (Matsumoto,1996)
Culture shock: is a state of disorientation that anyone can come over who has
been thrust into unknown surroundings, away from one's comfort zone (Wanning, 2008).
Erasmus Mundus: is kind of scholarship program which aims to enhance quality
in higher education through scholarship and academic cooperation between
Europe and the rest of the world
(http://eacea.ec.europa.eu/erasmus_mundus/programme/about_erasmus_mundus_
