CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter presents the background of the study, problem formulation,
objectives of the study, significance of the study, limitation of the study,and the
definition of key terms.
1.1Background of the Study
According to Amberg and Vause (2003: 124), Language is foremost a means
of communication, and communication almost always takes place within some sort of
social context. In addition, language is important to make a relationship with others,
especially in the society which used it as the basic of thought. Also, language can
reflect the individual characteristic, such as when person reveal some ideas in
community. So, every year language usually develops based on culture of the society.
According to Judit(2006:184), English is a world language that will not be
endangered in the near future as its hegemony cannot be questioned in the fields dealt
with.In modern era, English is one of international languages which many people
around the world continuously practice everywhere. Actually, English is the first
foreign language in Indonesia.
As the first foreign language in Indonesia, English has been given special
attention.There are many reasons why English has been given special attention. One
of them is that English includes international language in this universe. So, people
challenge accompaniment with the increasingly significant development of
science and technology, people are instead to mastering several languages
especially English because it is an international language.One of efforts done by
Indonesian s goverment is maintaining English that is taught in all levels started
from Junior High School to university. It is an important decision taken by the
government because English can help them take part in some fields such as
commerce and business technology in student s future.
Actually teaching is not as easy as people think. First, the teacher have to
know the condition of the students then he have to analyze and determine how his
way to teach them. So, his explanation can be understood easily by them.
According to Wilen and Ishler (2012:6), the effective learning is learning which
has procedures, for instance: review the last lesson, prepare new knowledge and
skills, giving exercise about application and concept, giving feedback or
correction, giving independent exercise, conducting a review weekly. Nowadays,
teaching is not easy. There must be good correlation and communication between
students and teacher.
In order to have successful teaching, the teacher habitually uses teaching
media to distribute message of study. Kharist (2001: 46) states that media is a tool
that have to be known by the teacher to provide an easy understanding by the
students. Then, one of the criteria to choose media is the support of materials and
easy to receive it. If the media is not available, so the teacher should develop it.
Therefore, the teacher needs to control the technique about how to develop a
In teaching and learning writing, there are many media which are often
used by English teacher. One of the media is the Outline. An outline is like a
blueprint for the student s ideas that is organized well. It also allows them to see
the content of his/her writing at a glance. According to Hybel and Weaver (2004:
512), Outline is a way of organizing material so you can see all the parts and how
they relate to the whole. In short, outline media will help him/her organize his/her
thoughts. The use of media in teaching- learning process is not a new thing. Many
teachers know that media will be helpful. The outline media gives something new
and helps students in learning process to support the students to know about
material from the teacher well and to attract students attention and to make
teaching learning activities more interesting.
Actually most of the teachers know about the functions and the advantages
of using media for their teaching process, but they rarely use them in class for
some reasons. The previous research conducted by Wulandari (2008: 14) showed
that the English teacher in SDN Langkap 2 Burneh Bangkalan faced some
problems dealing with the media, such as: sometimes they spent a lot of time to
prepare media.
Based on the description above, the researcher chooses outline media as a
topic since,as mentioned earlier,the outline media is very helpful to maximize the
teaching performance to deliver the material well. The teacher not only deals with
teaching material, but also how to devote students closely to encourage students
participation in the learning process. The teachers have to encourage the students
By using an appropriate outline media of teaching writing, the writer
hopes that the target of teaching and learning will be reached. Teacher should
strive to make situations which develop the students creativity, imagination, and
creative-critical thinking. Thus, the writter is interested in analyzing the teacher s
way to teach writing text using outline mediafor the second grade students at MTs
Muhammadiyah 1 Malang.
1.2 Statement of Problem
Based on the background of the study above, the writer formulates the
problems to be investigated as follows:
1. How does the teacher implement the outline media in teaching writing for the
second grade students at MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Malang?
2. What are the difficulties faced by the teacher in using the outline media in
teaching writing for the second grade students at MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Malang?
3. How does the teacher overcome the problems that appear in using the outline
media in teaching writing for the second grade students at MTs Muhammadiyah 1
Malang?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The research is conducted to find out the answers of the problem
formulation. The objectives of the study of this research are:
1. To identify how the teacher implements the outline media in teaching
2. To identify the difficulties faced by the teacher in using the outline media
in teaching English for the second grade students at MTs Muhammadiyah
1 Malang.
3. To identify the ways the teacher overcomesthe problems in using the
outline media in teaching English for the second grade students at MTs
Muhammadiyah 1 Malang.
1.4 Significance of study
This study is intended to give scientific information for the readers about
the outline media of teaching writing at MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Malang. For
students, the result of this study is expected to improve student s ability in
learning English writing. So, they will know that it can make reference to support
their study in learning English writing. The writer expects that the results of this
study will give benefit in language teaching especially for writing teachers so that
they are able to improve their knowledge in teaching. Also, it is expected to help
English teacher to improve or develop skill in teaching writing and apply
appropriate one.Practically, the result of this study is expected to provide the
readers who want to conduct the same research as a reference especially for
English Department students.
1.5 Scope and Limitation
The scope of this study is about outline media in writing used by teacher
of MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Malang and limited tothe second grade students in MTs
1.6 Definition of Terms
To avoid misunderstanding , the key terms in this study are defined as follows:
1. According to Brown(2000:7), teaching is showing or helping someone to
learn how to do something, giving instruction, guiding in the study of
something, providing with knowledge, causing to know or understand ().
2. Djamarah and Zain (2002) argue that media is a tool which helps teaching
and learning process in purpose to obtain the aim of learning itself.
3. Hybel and Weaver(2004:512) argue that Outline is a way of organizing
material so you can see all the parts and how they relate to the whole.
4. According to Harmer (2001: 79), writing is a form of communication to
deliver thought or to express feeling through written form.
5. MTs Muhammadiyah 1 Malang is the name of Junior High School in East
✁ ✁ ✂
YSIS OF OUTLINE MEDIA USED BY AN ENGLISH
TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING FOR THE SECOND
GRADE STUDENTS AT MTS MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
DANANG WAHYU NUGRAHANANTO
201110100311295
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AN ANALYSIS OF OUTLINE MEDIA USED BY AN ENGLISH
TEACHER IN TEACHING WRITING FOR THE SECOND
GRADE STUDENTS AT MTS MUHAMMADIYAH 1 MALANG
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
DANANG WAHYU NUGRAHANANTO
201110100311295
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Alhamdulillahirrabbil alamin, a deepest gratitude should go to Allah
S.W.T, this research would have never been completed without great love, grace,
blessing, and mercy from Him. The researcher should thank for the invaluable
physical and spiritual guide from Allah SWT which has been lent for her during
the process of this research. Shalawat and Salam are addressed to the final,
chosen, religious messenger, the Prophet Muhammad S.A.W. This thesis has been
finished, under the assistance, guidance and love of some people. Therefore, the
researcher would like to express her greatest gratitude and appreciation, especially
to:
1. My first advisor, Rinjani Bonavidi, S.Pd., M.Ed., PhD and my second
advisor Rahmawati Khadijah Maro, S.Pd. M.PEdfor their suggestions,
guidances, advices, encouragement and their times during the advising
periods, even life lessons. May Allah always bestow them an endless
blessings and protect them and their family.Aamin.
2. My beloved parents Mrs. Hermiyati and Mr.Iman Sudjono (alm) , and
also my sister Novrima Wahyu Danarsasi who always pray, encourage,
give love and compassion, giving material I need, working hard, always
trying to do the best, support me all the time and given a smile and
happiness in my life for their sacrifice and motivation, without them I
would never have the power to finish this thesis.
Malang, 30 October 2015
The Writer,
TABLE OF CONTENTS
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ... 9
DECLARATION OF ORIGINALITY ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT... 6
TABLE OF CONTENTS... 7
CHAPTER I ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
INTRODUCTION ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.2 Statement of Problem ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.3 Objectives of the Study ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.4 Significance of study ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.5 Scope and Limitation...Error! Bookmark not defined.
1.6 Definition of Terms ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER II...Error! Bookmark not defined.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.1 Teaching English as a Foreign Language...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.2 Understanding of Teaching Media ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.3 Function of Media ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.4 The benefits of Media...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.5 The Disadvantages of Media ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6 Kinds of Media ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.1 Audio Media ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.2 Visual Media...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.2.2 Real Things ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.6.2.3 Outline ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.7 Selection of Media...Error! Bookmark not defined.
2.8 The Elements of Writing ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER III ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.1. Research Design ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.2. Subject of Study ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.3.1. Observation ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.3.2. Interview ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.4. Data Collection...Error! Bookmark not defined.
3.5. Data Analysis ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER IV ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1 Research Findings ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.1 The Way of English Teacher Implements the Outline Media in
Teaching Writing Skill ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.2 TheDifficulties Faced by the Teacher in Using the Outline Media in Teaching English for the Second Grade Students at MTs
Muhammadiyah 1 Malang...Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1.3 The WaysThe Teacher Overcamethe Problems in Using The Outline Media in Teaching English for the Second Grade Students at MTs
Muhammadiyah 1 Malang...Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Discussion ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
CHAPTER V...Error! Bookmark not defined.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 Conclusion...Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Suggestion ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2.1 Suggestion for English Teachers ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2.2 Suggestion for Further Researchers ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
REFERENCES... 10
APPENDIX I...Error! Bookmark not defined.
RESULT OF THE OBSERVATION ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDIX II ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
INTERVIEW GUIDE ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDIX II ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
INTERVIEW GUIDE ...Error! Bookmark not defined.
APPENDIX IV...Error! Bookmark not defined.
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO
One small crack does not mean that you are broken, it means
that you were put to the test and you did not fall apart
(Linda Poindexter)
Love your parents. We are so busy growing up, we often
forget they are also growing old.
(Unknown)
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
My dearest Mother Hermiyati
My greatest Father Iman Sudjono (alm)
My beloved Sister Novrima Wahyu Danarsasi
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Ary, Donald et al. (2010).Introduction to Research in Education (8th edition).
Canada: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.
Azhar, Arsyad. 2000. Media Pengajaran. Cet II. Grafindo Persada: Jakarta.
Bornman, H., Solms, S.H. (1993). Hypermedia, multimedia and hypertext: definitions and overview. Electronic Library. 11(4/5), 259 268.
De Porter, Bobbi and Mike Hernacki, 2002.Group Work Learning. Bandung: Kaifa.
Djamarah, Syaiful bahri dan Aswan zain.2006 Strategi Belajar Mengajar.Jakarta : Rineke Cipta.
Gebhard, A.O. (1983). Teaching Writing and Content Areas.Journals of Writing.
Hamalik, Oemar. 1989. Media Pendidikan. Cet VI. Citra Aditya Bakti. Bandung.
Patel, M.E, Jain, Praveen.M 2009.Methods, Tools, Techniques. India: English Language Teaching.
