Sustainable Rice Field to Assure Food Security in Garut Regency, West Java

Ｌｾ ＭＭＭ ＮＮＮＭＭ ＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭＭ ..Ｍ ｾＭ ＭＮｾＭ .. ­

Geospatial

and Human-Dimensions

on Natura l Resource

Proceeding:

Geospatial and Human-Dimensions

on Natural Resource Management

ISBN 978-602-14437-0-5

Pusat PengkaJlan Perencanaan dan Pengcmbangan Wilayah (P4W) Center for Regional System Analysis Planning & Development (Crestpent)

Bogar Agricultural University (lPB)

Editor

Dr. Ir. Ernan Rustiadi, M.Agr Dr. Ir. Saba Baru s, MSc Dr. Satyawan Sunilo

Copy Editor

Galuh Syahbana Ind raprahast a Febri Sasliviani Puln Canlika

Layout & Cov er De s ign er Jam.:.aiS':"2 

Cres.!pe­nt Press 

ｾ ｾＳ＠ 3<o­ana ngsiang . JI. Raya Pajajaran, Bogor- 16 144, ...aKa 3arat. IneCHeSJ8 Phone/Fax: 025 1 8359072

Creslpent@2013 

Geospat:iat and Human Dimensions

II _{on Natural  Resou rce  Manage me nt} 

(i

"

')  I, Th

'"

Eo  "t  th'  Thi: sep. with SOUl 

the <

"tw  Sl(PO dala,  ph(l!o problE aid de 

Sustainable Rice Field to Assure Food Security in Garut Regency,

West Java 

Bnbil

ｉｾＨｬｲｵｳＬ ｵ ｬＮＮ＠

$. 111111 11 .\ D.H. p[lJluju,l.:lillld Itt!. Trisaso ngkol.:2

I staff of Center for Region al ｓｹｾｴ･ ｭ＠ Analys is, Planning and Development, IPB

I staff of Oepartment of Soil Science and Land Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, IPS

Email . Bababaru5@vahoo,com; phone/fax: ­1­622518359072  

,\BSTHACT

Governm ent of Ga rut Regency has  been  prepa rin g to all ocate some spaces fo

r food security inte-grated within spati al pl anning as it is a mandate of the Nati onal Law No 41, 2009. There are severa l

cr iteria  to de lineate food­production areas, including  biophysi cal, socie an d economic factors. 

However, detailed variables and criteria need  further exploratio n an d exercises. This research ｡ｩｭｾ＠

to fi nd  out appropriate factors and criteria to match local require ments, hence cootributing 10 food 

$ecurily on either local or larger community areas. To achieve the goa ls,  th is research employed 

high resolution image ries SUCh  ')S AlOS AVN IR­2 and Quickbird ｩｭ｡ｧ･ｲｩ･ｾＬ＠ coupled wit h infr3$1(

uc-ture, land  system, adm ini strative maps, and socia ­economic datase ts. Field  datil were obtained 

t hrough seve ral site su rveys whi ch were uti li ze d to va li date image interpreta tion  and observe 

deta il ed socio­eco nomi C aspec ts  of farmers. Several meth ods were imp lement ed  such ｾｳ＠ remot ely 

sensed basellne rice mapp ing,  spatial anal)'sis using GIS too ls and stathtical anal}'sis.  The  reSul t  showed  th at appropriate variables used tc assess sustainable 10callood­pl""Oduction  areas were 

different In some distr icts Ikecomoton). Not all  generic variables such as land suitability could  be 

implemented to identify ｰｾ､､ｹ Ｍ ｰｲｯｯｵｴｴｩｯｮ＠ on all  districtS.  Different variables we re  more inOuential 

Ih an physica l aspe ct s.  These included capacity of food supply for  local  demand and establishment 

of environm ental friendly land manage ment.  In  terms of food  security st atus, 

the research indi-cated th at  majori ty of districts secu red their local food  req uirements and few of th em had excess 

ric e production.  At  Gar ut  Regency level, the aggregated data showed that Garut had some surplus 

in paddy production. This information combined with demographic,  paddy production and ot her 

data implied that several 

zones

of rice ｦｩ･ｬ､ｾ＠ required some protections either ill cultivated or in 

protected area in the spatial planning.  In  addition, envitonmeola l virtue has 10 be included wit hin 

agriculturalmn ing for better land protectiOJl in food security campa ign. 

Keyword:  Lo cal food  sec urity.  spatial anal ysis. unique land  management, paddy ba lan ce. land  zonation, 

Introduction

The Government of Garu t Regency prepares to allocate land for food security in curr ent

revision of spatial plan <IS it is a m<lndatory 10 obey the National Law NO 4 1/ 20 09. To

support this task, it is necessary to mark out areas to ensure sustainable food deve lopm ent.

There are some constraints [0 delineate r ice fie ld in-Garut, including limited physically·

suitable and lega11y-acceptable areas for paddy cultivation and disaster prone due to

volca nic eruption, t sunami, landslide, and sloping land. Th e actual paddy fie ld s inventory has not been systematicall y developed yet. Therefore, ba.seline map of paddy production

area was known inaccurately. There are several criteria to define the sustainable rice field

area, including biophysicat socio and economic. factors. Some researches considered all

of these conceptua l cri teria to de marcate sustaina ble food producti on area, for instance

Chri stina (201 1) who delineated food regi on in West Java and Bachrv (2011) who mar ked

out land for sagoo in Pa pua. These explorations have utilized remote sensing and GIS and

have contributed Significantly supporting spatia l plan (Ba rus, 2011; Barus ei 01.,  2011 ). 

Since the law has quite pristine and has limited directives, apparent ly its implementahon

is uncertain. Methods and execu tions should be explored to di rect and put t he regulation

into operation properl y. Detail factors and criteri a are supposed t o be explored.

Many scholars such as Brown ｾ ｴ Ｎ ｡ ｬＮ＠ (2009). Gamage et al. (2009), and .Boken et al. (2009) 

reported various methods to map ir rigated land where i t was usua lly cu ltiva ted by paddy.

Ind eed. time series aspect was seemed to be the foc us of those resea rche s, since it WilS 

carr ied out on a global map project. Therefore. most of them employed coarse 10 medium

spatial resolution of imageries for the purpose. Since Indonesian farmer is in averag!"

occupied small scale of land, high spatia l resolution of image should be employed.

The general purpose of this research is to find out seve!al appropriate factors arid cn te' ? 

to match local requirem ents, hence contributing to secur e food suffiCiency for local ｩｩｾＺ＠

larger com munities. The speCific purposes were (1) to develop actual paddy field ma p r

=. 

its characteristics, (2) to analyze food security sta tus

of 

district, (3) to delineate sust ,lI-ｾ］＠

paddy-production area regarding Ac t No  41,  2009, and (4J  to develop contribur

:::-paddy fi eld on regional spatial plan (RTRW).

Geospatial and Human Dimensions

Method

The re  we re  two  types  of  data  empl oyed  in  this  resea rch,  i.e.  primary  and  secondary 

data . Some primary data comprised of paddy fi eld map (2011), paddy production and

socio­economic  aspec t  of farming  system,  while  the  secondary data  co nsisted  of AlOS 

image (2009), Quickbi rd  (2010),  infras tructure/irrigatlon  map,  land  syste m  (1990,  scale 

1: 25 0,000),  draft  of Spatial Plan  of Ga rut  Regency  2011­2025,  administrative  maps,  and 

some socioeconomic aspects of farme rs (20lO). The research was cond ucted on May

-July 2011, in St udio of Regional Info rmation of Crespent. IPB and field observation on June,

20 11 . 

There are three methods implemented, including image interpretation to generate paddy

fie ld map thro ugh visual interpretation of high resolvtion imageries and the ｧｾｯ ｵ ｮ ､＠ check; 

GIS analySiS of severa l the matic maps such 

as

land system, paddy fi eld map, irrigation map, 

sp<ltial  planni ng  map,  an d  oth ers;  and  statistical  ana lySiS.  The  image ·interpretation 

was

performed by  using visual keys of interpretation such as to·ne or color,  te)(ture,  str uctu re, 

associatio n, shape, e tc (Jensen, 2000). Quickbird  image ry was urilize d as primary source 

on image  inte rpre tatio n to delin ea te  paddy field,  while AlOS da ta  was  used to complete 

an d fill up  some  are as  with  seve re  cloud  covered. The  result  of interpretation  wa s used 

as  paddy field  baseline (sawah boku). Geographical analy:.is  was carried  out to develop 

land capability map which was used as basic consideratio n to evaluate physical aspects of 

paddy field. It was the n super imposed with themaric maps of irrigatio n,  road and  regiona l 

spatial  plan  (RTRW ).  The  stage  was  important  to  ma tch  recent pad dy field distribution 

and  fu ture  a llocatio n  oi  paddy­production  a rea on ｾ ｔｒｗ Ｚ＠ Moreover,  database  resulted 

from  t he  previous  stage  was  then  e mployed  to  ca lcutate  land  re quired to fulfill  food 

de mand.  The  food  demand was estima ted for  25  years in  the  future  from  average  of  10 

yea rs population growth (197 1-2009) and paddy consumption according to mi nimum and 

maximum of na rio nal and  also  loca l sta ndard.  Some current (200S) paddy  productivity 

of  ea ch  sub·districts  and  cropping  intenSity (indeks pertanoman) were  considered  to  calculate paddy balanCing system. 

Result And Disscussion

Actual paddy field and

characteristics 

Gar ut is  one of potential  regencies on West Java for food  production.  It  is  because of its 

physical  characteristics coupling with strategic  position due  to  proximity  to  Bandung, the 

capital  of West Java.  Result  of image  delineation  was  total  acreages  whi ch  then  ca lled 

as  "'sawah  baku" or standard area of food production.  There were  approximately 45  521 

Hectares could be designated as the food production areas.  Th e inve ntory was based o n 

all scattered polygons identified  and verified  using ground data (appro)(imately 400 GCPs j 

distrib uted in aU kecamaratls of Ga rut, in­depth interviews  with  farmers, and supporting 

da ta such as food  area  dynamics, and seasonal cultiva tion.  The distribution of standa rd 

[image:6.611.49.404.258.638.2]

area fO(  food production in all 

kecomotons

is presented in Table  1. 

Table 9.  Distribution of paddy ReW  in  all keeamara ns of Garut Reyeru:y 

Acrf!agflS Percentage

(Hal' 

20 \::a(angpawotall 1,485.36

21  Karangten£ilh  308.09 

(%) 

No  Acreages [' Percentage

(';). 1

ｉｈｾＩ＠

. j

186 

100 0: 

Geospatial a nd Hum3fl Dimensions  on  Narural Resource Managemem 

,

.'

• 

.... ＭＭｾＮ＠

I!'

-_.

-

_.

[image:7.613.85.321.46.371.2]

-Ｎ ｾ＠

Figure 1. Sra1 il l ｄ ｩ ｾ｜ ｲｩ｢ｩｊｬｩｯｮ＠ o( paJdy fir ld in um.u ｒｾｧ ｴｮＨ［ ＩＧ＠ Ｈ ＦＬ｣ｾｮ＠ spot)

Fro m the image proc.es.s.ing and GIS procedure. spatial dist ribution of paddy fi eld in Garul

could be delineated as. presented in figure 1. Apparently it is dis[(ihuted from North to So uth of Garut.

The figure shows that most of paddy fi eld located in the North part of Garut. The density

is q Uiet intense in the Nor th than in the Soulh . AppClrently. parc.el of the paddy field

was quite different between South and Nort region of Garut. In the North and Center of

Garut parcel size is quite bigger than in the North part. Spolial distrihulion of river is a lso denser in th e North and the Soulh. Paddy is highly consuming water during its growlh. Wate r availability is crucial and demanded to svppo rt the paddy-growth therefore dose area to rive r will always be preferred. Besides. considering the physical characteristics

of soils and its topographic, the North area is quie t flatter than South and considered more suitable to support paddy growth [he the South areas. It was then assessed the

--

n·· It- • • • _ , _{.. _} • .. If-." _{• • n ..}

;,-==-;:: ::: ::-.

ｾＭ ＢＮｾ＠

..

ｾＮ

""

.. .

...

..

•..

ｾ＠

.-

....

.

...

.

-.

Figurr 2. ｓｰＢ ｉ ｾ Ｑ＠disu'ioolion o( land tapability in ｇ ｾ ｦ ｜ｬｬ＠ JkgcllC)'

physical characteristics of those paddy area to gu ide food production area designation. Some variables including slope. la nd system and climate characteristics we re considered to dIrect the delineation. Map of land capability was gene rated from those variables and the spatial distribution is presented in Figure 2.

Figure 3.

Food security of Garut District

Food security is an important issue since it is related to human basic need. DiSCUSSing food security of Indonesian context means dealing with paddy. Garut has been stated as one of West Java.'s paddy-production area . To guara ntee whether it can be fulfilled self· suffiC ie ntly, baseline paddy fi eld and current land use must be delineated precisely. The previous part has discussed empirica Ipaddy fie ld of Garut Regency and some charac.tensnc; including cropping inte nsity and yield 01 each sub d istrict. From the delineated areas..:

Cieospatial and Human DimenSIons on Natural Resource Ma nagement

--- --- --- ---

--- ---

-

-i

1367J SU7 5Sl S

Ｍ ｾ

-

..

Ａ Ｎｾ［［Ｍ Ｍ ＬＬ ｾ＠

..,.

""

_ｾｾ

....

-.0141

;;:-.

..

!

!

ＸｕｾＱ＠ JlIX>

.,"

Ｍ ｾｾ ｾｾ ｾ＠

ＬｾＬ＠ ＬＬｾ

ToIfto"t Ｇｾｬ ｡＠

.m

ＭＭＢＧＭｾｾ Ｍｾｾ＠

T.,o;on3':"1.,. i ｬｾ｢ＵＱ ｊ＠ 10318 lPS7 16591

ｾｾｾｾＭ Ｍ ＭＭＭ ［Ｍｾ Ｍ Ｍ

.

-ＬｾＬ＠ IS'l l '

11orotG"f

ｋ＾ｾ ｬＧｬ｡ ｬ ｾ＠ Ｇｾｮ＠

Ｍ ｾｾＭ

"'..."""

I

('Sl71 

-,

..

,

ｾｾ＠

­

,--;;;:;; . L

].112m  ＧｾＱ ＸＨｬｬ［＠ LS16J!1 _ A

ｾ ｾ Ｍ

­

In general, using the Indonesian ri ce-consumption sta nda rd both maximum and minim um,

local  prod uction  was  less  thim  tota l de ma nd.  Since the Guut standa rd  not as  much of 

those, it apparently will be fulfill ed self suffidently. Indeed. ifwe examines in detail at each 

sub district, it seems that some of sub districts will  disco ntent its loca l demand. 

Area for paddy sustainable development

Paddy sustainable  development  was dete rmined  considering  its  physical charac teriStics, 

curren t (existin g) condition of paddy area and production and loca l se lf-sufficien cy. The

result showed that appropriate variables used to delineate sustainabl e land fo r agricultura l

food was diHerent among sub-disl r icts. There was no generic variable to mark out paddy

fi eld in all districts, whereas different variables were more im port ant in such

sub-di stricts but apparently not in th e o thers. Capa city t o supply fo od for local demand and establishing friendly environmental land management came out t o be considered in some

cases. Table 2 shows 3 tYpe or prioritY area to ensure sustainable land for foods in Garut

Regency.

Priority of agri cultural land to support food security in Ga rut Re ge ncy, its acreages,

'cropping intenSity and production for every sub districts

,

-

,

ｏ＠

o  rnatan  Pad dy Acreages  Cropping  J>ilddV productio n  Prio rity for IISr.

B

I

ｉｾ

- K,

_{{Hal  intens ity  (Ha) lani:l ',':..ｾ＠ .}

L

_

ＮｉＮＮＮＮＮＮＮＭ ｾ ＭＭＭ ＭＭＭＧＭＺ ＺＩ ＮＺＺＮＺＺＮ ...,., 

rwang' 

Ｍ Ｍ ｾＭ

27,831.60

1.725.22 

'" 

1

--

-resmi  1,101.34  24,S()6.20  I

ｩ＠ ｩ ｾＺ Ｚ＠

­

ｾ＠

ＭＭ ｾ Ｍ

I--

'" 

_. 

ｾ＠

ｉｾ ｾ

__.

ｾ ｾ Ａｾ ｾｧ＠

­i'­­

ｾ Ｌｾ ｾｾｾ＠

­

­i ... 

IP 2  _ 

ｾ ＺＮＨＩＷ ｟ ｾ ｟ｾ

__... 

ｾ Ｎ｟ Ｎ＠ ｟＠

1 

i

4  61. Umba ngan  1,610 26  IP3  2S  613  60  1 

15._._.'

ｂ ｕｾ ｾ｢ ｵｬｾｮｧＭ

ＭＭ ｬ＠ Ｇ＠ Ｍ ［ｾ ＸＶＸｮ

Ｍ

i

1;; ­

­ 1

1. 

Ｍｾ

ＲＬ ｾ

ＭＢＭ

- - ,

IG

Carl" g,n  1,123..22  IPl  8,960.80  3 

[2­... 

ｃｉｾｾ＠

89 0  1  L 

!P_,_ ­j­

ｾ

ＮｾｯＮｯｯ

n 

h,.L_ 

3 

Geospaoal and Hum<ln Dimensions

_

｟

1..;.:. _...

Ｚｾｾ［ＺＺ

..

ｾ Ｎ］ ｟ ［＠ ﾷＭ Ｚｾ［Ｚ ｾ ｟ ｩ Ｍ ｾﾷﾷ｟ ＺＺ Ｚ＠

.. -[..

'NO, / ,Ke cam atim Paddy Acreage5 Cropping [ paddy prOdudion

ｰ ｲｩｾｲｩ ｉｙ＠ ｦｏｲ＠ ｡ＸｲＮ＠

Ｉ

'-.,

-ｨｾ

Ｇ＠

{Hal intensity (Ha) IanQ -'

I

ｾｯ ｾｩ ｅ Ｍｾ＠ ｣Ｍ ｾ Ｚｾ ＴＺｾｾ＠

L 

ＺＺ ｾ＠

t-·

ＺＺ ＶｾＺ＠ Ｚﾷｾｴ ］

:-=1

R:-

ＡＭＺｾ ｾｬ Ｍ ｮ＠ Ｎ＠

-

:::;­=! 

Ｚｾ Ｍ Ｇ＠ Ｍ ＭＺ Ｚ［Ｚ［Ｚ＠ ｾＭｾＭ ＭＺＭ ｾ＠

­I  

ｾ Ｍ

.

ＡＭ｣ｩｬ･ Ｇｾ Ｌ＠Ｂ＠

. _.-

ＭＭ ＱｾＶＱ ＹＮｾﾷ＠

­­f· 

IPl

ＭＭ ｉＱｾ

Ｍ Ｍ Ｇ｛ Ｍ

'·"3  ­­­­­­­­ / 

ｾ Ｇｾ ＮＭ Ｎ＠

I

ｾ ［［ｾｗ｜ｊ ＭＧＭ _' h 1,13040 '

-I

IP1 ﾷ ｾＹＮＶ Ｗ ＺＧ｟Ｒ Ｐ＠ ;- - - ;. .. -­ ­

-ｾ -ｾﾷ ＭＱ -ｾ｣Ｇ［［ Ｇ-ｾＢ＠ ］-ｾｴＭ

Ｒ ｾ Ｐｾ Ｋ＠

'" 

­­i­_

ｬｾ Ｌｾｏ

'_'_  _

ｉｲ ］ Ｇ＠ Ｎｾ

__.,___

­I 

I ]6  (Isompel 

I 

1,(4) 13  LPl  ­ 18.52 1.10  3

'  ­.­

-..­­ ..  I  ­...  .­.­ ­

­­­r­ ­"...­

­­­...­.­... ­-ｾ ­­­...­.­... ­-ｾ

__

ｾ＠ ｟ ｣Ｎ ｉ｟ｓ｜ｬ ｾ ｾｾｾ｟Ｑ

ﾷ＠

__ 

Ｘｾ ｾｾ

_ _

ｾ｟

Ｎ＠

1_ 

ＮＱＸＮＲＹＶＮＶ

ｾ＠

_ _ 

ｾ

｟ Ｒ

_  ____, 

•  18  '  Ga rut  Kota  89483  IP3  20, t 76.80 

j  , 

';9­­[

ｾ､ ｵ ［［［ｾ｡ Ｍ Ｍ Ｍ ｴ Ｍ Ｍ ｾ Ｑ ＬＱＹＲＰ［ＭＭＭ

ｬ＠

L­

IP3 

［ｾＬ Ｖｓ ｾＮｏｏ ﾷＭﾷ＠ ＭＭ Ｍ

­ ­­­1  ­ -

­ ­

­­-,__ .L. _ .­­ ­ .  ­­­­ ... ­­ ­ "'­

­ . 

­­f...­.­­­­­' 

｛Ｎ ｾ

ＱｾＢ ｾ｡ｾ ｾｾｮｬ

Ｍ ＭＢＧ ｾＴｓｳ

..

36 

｟Ｎ ｟ｾ＠

IP­­=­

｟ｾ＠

｟ＲＷ ＬｾｾＹ ＮＲ ｾ ｟＠

1  I 

21 

t 

ｋ｡ ｲ｡ｮ ｧｬ･ｮｧ

ｾｨ＠

308.09  IP3  13,682. 00 

ｾＭ

Ｍ Ｍ ｦ ＭＭ ＭＭ

­­­

­­ ­­ 1 ­ ­­

t­­­­­­­­­

T 

ｾＺＲ＠ _ _ ･･ Ｇｳ｡ ｾｾ ｮｾｨ＠ ..

_1 

ｾ ｾＺＺ＠

__ 

1P3  _ Ｘｾｾｾ __ ｾ＠ _.  .___ｾ｟ Ｎ｟ ... ._ 

i­::""­/'

ｌｾ ｾｾｾ ｟＠

... ___.;._ . 

｟ｾ ＮＰＶＹ Ｎ ｾ＿ ｟＠

!__

JP3_ 

1_ 

Ｎ＠ ｾ Ｐ ＮＳｓｾＮＸｾＮ＠

1  : Ｒｾ＠ . ｌｾｬＡｷＺ ｧｯ ｯｮｧ＠

i 

924':'3 

! 

IP3  20,2 20A O 2 

I::

Ｍ ｾｦ ［ｾ ｾｴ｀｟ｊ ｾ ｾｾｾｾ＠ Ｎｉ Ｍ Ｍ ＭＺｾＺ＠

­ut ::::::­

Ｍｾ＠ Ｍ Ｚｾ］ ＭＭｾ｝＠

ｩ｟ ｾ Ｘ ｟＠ Ｍｾ ｾｾ ｾ ｾｾｧ ｾ ｾｾ＠ Ｍ ｬＭ ＮＮＲ ＧｾＭ Ｇ＠ ＫＭ ｾ

｟

Ｎ

.

.,1 

ＮＲｾＺｓＮＶＰ＠

­ ­,­­­

ｾ ＭＭ

­­.

ｾ ｾ ﾷ＠

Ｍ

ＺｾＺＺ

｟

..

_­­_r= 

Ｍ ｾ ｾ ｾｩ＠

­

­ ­

­­ ­­­ ­ ­­_._._­­­

­_. 

11.<9'  80 BollS 40 _{­ _ _  ­}

i' 

_{._ ._  0'_ ._  _ -}

'3

2 

;0  , 

­ ­

.-13,129 60 

ｾ＠

2 

1 

3'>  SmgaJay<t  '  J, 338 15 

! 

­;;;;.­0­

-r--

13,99360  ­­

i ­­­

0;­

­.-ｬｦｴＭＭｨｾｾ［

ＺＺ Ｍｊ Ｍ ｾＺｦｾ Ｍ

­ I  ::: 

Ｇ＠ ［Ｇ ｾ［［ＲＺＭ ｾｾＭＭＱ＠

I " 

h Ukawemng 

! 

1,030 78  IP3  21,8'>4.8O  !  2 

I 

. ­ .  ­­ ­ ­­T o  ­ ­ ­ ­­..  .­­­ ­ ­ ­'­ ­ ­ ­­ ­ ­ . ­­­­" ­­,.... ­­,.., 

39 

_..  _....___  ___.____.___. T  __ _______ __­­,­ ________

Taiegonc  1,901.68  JP3  15.959.20 

I 

3  I

! 

40  ..

",00,"", 

l,lGS 23 

­I  '" 

15.523.20 

i 

1 

­1 

ｉｾｌ Ｚｊ ｾ［［Ｂｾ］＠

｟＠ ＭＭ ＭＺＺＺｾ

­­1­ :::­.

ＺＭ ＮＮＳＺｾ［

___

­j  .. 

ｾ ］ｾ Ｂｾ＠ ｩ＠

[  _ _. __  _  015,510.00  IP 3 7015,"91 .2 0  !  I 

Spatia l distribution of the prioritize areas presents in Figure 2. Three types of sustainable

land for agriculture in Garut Regency ｾ ｡｜Ｈ･＠ these following characteristks:

1. Type-1: actua lly paddy field, irrigated, 3 x cropping intensity (IP-3) and slope

<8 %

Remprk : The best and priority of the main area for paddy fields

2. Type·2: act ually paddy field, non irrigated, 1 x cropping intensity or 2 )( cropping

intensity, slope

8-15%

Remark : area of second priority and cropp ing intensity still should be imp roved with

technology

3. Type-3: actually paddy fi eld, non irrigated, all cropping intensity, slope >:0 15 %

Remark : area of third priority which is pote ntially landslide area, loca l ｳ･ ｬ ｦｾｳｵｦｦｩ｣ｩ･ｮ｣ｹ＠

issues and surplus of

rkeb" I""i,''-st'''"'

0--

­­- 

.'

.­. 

-,

-Figur., 3.  Spalial di,u ibul ion of.usla;nabl., la ntl (or f()UtI and agri< ultu rc in G;arul Regency 

Geospat ial and Human Dimensions   on Natural Resource Ma<lilgemeni  

[image:12.613.88.345.254.584.2]

Land for susta inable food produc tion i n re lation t o spatial planning

Currently revised Garul District spatial plan consist of two different classes, i.e. cultivated

and pro tected areas. The protec ted area covetS almost 70 perCent of Garut areas. It was

comprised of forest prot ection area in vulnerable land, volcaniC halard area, tsunami

haza rd area, and landslide area. The cultiva ted region was composed of only 30 percen t

(ab{)ut 50,000 hal. Empiri ca lly, huma n activities including paddy. produ ction and

agro-forestry acti vities has esta blished at the protected area. According to the National Law No

41,2009, protection area should be excluded from human intensive utilization particularly

sett lement; bu t it allows limited agricuUural acti vities.

PCl ddy fie ld is considered as intensive agriculture, and it covers approximately 45,000 ha in

Garut re ge ncy and some of it distributed in the pro tection area . Onty sma ll percentage of

paddy fi eld, abo ut 10,000 ha, is located in the culnvated region. To protect area and ful fi ll

demand of ri ce then the paddy fi eld is supposed to

be

defined as sustainable food and

agricult ural land. The definition means pro tecting the lands legally from encroachment

(conversion to other uses).

Sustainable agricultural land located in preserved areas has not been recognized in the

National law No 41, 2009. Nonetheless, numbers of people relied on the cultivation

system were numerous. Government should take into account the fact and ｣ｯｮｳｩ､ｾｲ＠

local community self-sufficiency since most of the locations were barely accessIble. The

importance of empirical phenomenon is (1) most of parldy fields along with ser.lement have

bee n es tab lished in the region before the new regulation released. (2) From environmental

perspective, th ese paddy fi elds has adapted to loca l condition and harmless loca lly il nd

globally, and (3) th e e)(istence of pa ddy production area in· some places is a mu!>! to ensure

local self-sufficiency.

Darabase of paddy field acreage combine with demographic, paddy production and o ther

physical data eventually produced several zoning o f paddy lands that should be pro tected

either laying in cu ltivated or in protected areas in t he regional spatial plan (Figure 4).

i

...

-.

__

...

,--

'

..

iic, - ,,-

"

_

'-'

....

,

'

l:1l:I._ _

..

-

­-ｆｩｾｲ･ Ｔ Ｎ＠ Th.. Ktn lTjo of rustainible b.nd for  food and agri('lllt\ltt to ｾ＠

indudtd in ｾｾｴｬ｡ｊ＠ plan 

Geospatial ancl Human  Dimensions

Conclusion

Several important point ftom this researc.h are as fo llows:

1. Total actual paddy field area in G,1rut District is45 521 na, with 3 different types, vi .z .(al

type

1: paddy field with technical 1rrl ganon !.ystem, 3 times of harveSring. and suitable for paddy with size of 19 583 ha; (bl

type

2; paddy field non-irrigated, 1-2 x harvesting time, and moderate ly suitable for paddy with size of 14 883 ha; and Ie) type 3: paddy fie ld non-irr igated, any harve!.ting rime, and no t !.uitable for paddy with size of 10 599 ha.

2. The sta lus of food balance system of Garut is currently surplus 1190 000 tonl.. and appare ntly will be less l han demand for the next 2S yea rs. However, in more detai l

information, it reveals that 31 sub-districts will be surplus and 11 sub -districts will be deficit. The land dema nd to guarante e food security following local characteristics

w ill be 38 166 ha.

3. Using criteria of land for sustai nable paddy

I

food production as indicated in the

National law No 41,2009, there are many potential paddy ｡ｲ ･ｾ＠ can be developed for

sustainable food pmduction, but it has been modified physically. Apparentl y, some

areas have to be protected although it has 'less environmental suitable'.

4. Following the draft of Spatial Plan developed by Garut-Regency Government, there are

only 9 food security region proposed in spatlal plan which is located at the Cultivated Region. It repre!.C!nts small number of paddy field area (appr())(imately l O,ODO Hal,

and the rest areas proposed as land for food secu rity or reserve land for food security

area are located al the Preserved Areas. This empirical pnenomenon has not been

recogn i2ed and admin istrated in the current regu lation.

REFEllENCES

Saws, B. K. Gandasasmilol. 8. H. Trisaw ngko. D. ShiddiQ. L.S.lman dan R. Kusumo.. 201 1. P!.'m,)n'aalafl RuCtng D.lerah Gambul unlu lc PelkOOunan Kelapa Sawi, di PIovimi Riau dan Kalimantan Tell9ah. Prosidiog

Seminal Plrt3hutl Mapin XVII", ＲｾＱ＠ Ｑ Ｌ＠ Universitas Diponegoro. SemiJfilng 8-9 Jun. 20 11

ｂ｡ｲｵｾ＠ 8. 201 1. Penerllu./ln Oaya OUktlfl9 berduillkan Kemampuan lal\an: Ptnga/otrl(Jn lcajian vnluk ptYTlOnfoolon fU6"9di!.cell. Kabupaltn Gorol dan KoIo 8onjOtfJ)(J$in. PerlemUiln awal Kajiaf'l Oaya

Dukung ｕｮｧｫｵｮＹｾｮ＠ Hidup Ptllau Sumatra disell'99arakan oIeh KLH-PP E Sumatra, Hotel Nyilduta, Pekanbaru, Riau, 15 AgU'Sl us 2011

SiKhri, S. 2011.ldentlt'ikil si 'ahan S<lgu dan pOlen si pema nfaala nnya seu .a be rkelanjutan di kabupalen Jayapu ril, Tes,s 52?S PWl, IPS(ti dak dipublikasikan)

Brown JF, MalM'l?ll S, ｰ ｾｺ S. 2009. Map ping ilTigated landsacrou the United Slales Using MODIS. Sate llite

Imagl?fY. /n Thenkabail PS. l yoo JG, T uffal H, Birada{ CM. Remote Sensing 01 Global Croplands for food S«ul ity, CRC Press. Boca Ra ton, f lollda. Pp. 177-198.

Bokef1 VK,. Hooge nboom G, ｅ ｡ｯ ｾｓ ｏｦＱ＠ GL. 2009. Applying PaUein Re<ognltl on to Sa te ll ite Data fOI Detec ting Irri gated lllnd s: ACase St udy for Georgi a, Unit ed States. InThenk ab<l il PS, lyon JG, Tuna t H. Bir<ldar CM. Remote Sensing of Globil! Croplands for Food 5e<u rity_ eRC Press. Boca Rato n, Florida.

pp.

-409-420.

Christina, D.R. 201 1. ldenl ilikasi !ahan potemlill U"luk meildukung USUlilli percnca" aa" !aha" pertanian pangan berkelilnj\ltan.Studi kiNIs di PfOVinsi Jawa Barat ｔ ｾ ｩ ｳ＠ 52 PS PWL.1P8 (tidakdipub· likuikanJ

Chang, Kang ' lsung, 2002, Intlodoolon toGeographic lnfOl'mation S>,stem. McGraw Hill. 349p.

ｇｾ ｭＮ＾ｧ･＠ MSON, Ahmad 1010, Tu rral H. 2009. MiIj)ping I(ligated Crops from landsat f.TM+ Imagery (or Het-e rogHet-enHet-eou s Cropping SystHet-em in Pakistan. (nThenkawil P$, lyon JG,Tu rtal H,. SiradarCM. RemO.h? SC'ming of Globa l Crop lands for Food ｓ･＼ｵｲｾｹ Ｎ＠eRC Press. Boca ｾｴｯｮＬ＠ f lorida. Pp. -421-440.. Jensen JR . 2000. Remo te sensing of the environment,. An Earth Resov{(e PelspectiYe. Pnmtice -Hail, Inc.

Upper Siiddle, New Jersey.

Longley, P.A., MJ. Goodchild, DJ . Maguire a nd OW. Rh lnd. 2005. Geographical Info rmation Syste ms and $( ience. 1'" edition. John Wiley and Sons. 5 18p.

UU No -4 1, t"hun 2009 lentang Perlindungan Pertanlan Pangan Berkelanju lan

Geospactal and Human Dimensions on NaturaL Resoun:e M<J.flagcmem

Hosted by P4W/CRESTPENT, Bogor Agricultural University

in collaboration with lAPAN, BAKOSURTANAL, MAPIN,

STPN, )KPP and supported by Faculty of Human

Ecology-IPS, Forum Tata Ruang, Common Indonesia Forum, HOP

Indonesia, and SLUAS JSPS Project, the 2011 International

Seminar on Geomatics & SAR (GeoSARNas) and Human

Dimensions on Sustainable Natural Resource Management

was successfully held at IPB International Convention Center,

International research communities

and

practitioners works

on

land and natural resource Issues communicating their recent

Crcstpont Press

Kampus

IPB

Baranal19siang. JI. Raya Pajajaran.

Bogot-16144 . Jawa Bara\, Indonesia

PhoneIFax: 0251 8359072 E-MaiI;Cfestpef.lt@gmai1.com