The nutrient and steroid content of some deep sea fish species from west sumatera ocean

THE NIJTRIENT AND STEROID CONTENT OF SOME DEEP SEA FISH SPECIES FROM WEST SURIAI'ERA OCEAN

Sugeng Heri

usen no",

Ali suman" wudianto" and Arin nnmayantil' I ' Department of F ~ s h e r i e s Product Technolow, I'aculty oCFishcries and \lar>t~r Scierjcr; ? '

Institution of Marinc and F~rhery, Dcpartn~ent o f Marine and F ~ s h t r y

ABSTRACT

The Purpose o f this research IS to observe the content o f nulrienr and steroid of some deep

sea tish rrorn west Sumatera ocean. Ths result o f the research shows that I I kinds of deep sea fish such a s : Die/nroid~.c pmicirndintrr>. Bct~~hadrsn:~is feniris, Bery.r .~plendtbrr,t. H ~ p l a ~ t h e t h ~ r s

rnrmipitt ;IF, Hoplorherh ti.< sp, Ophrd~ irlne, Os/~.cicoberytr cl(rr;vge, G u r h r ~ r s colkrrrii~. Hytct.ugly/~e

/npr7titc" c o n t i n protein 2 3 . 0 - 1 4 - 8 9'0, fat 1,94,1 "b. carbah~drate 0-1,75 %,, ash 1 ,?-2.4 %, water 70.1-72,l %. In amino acid test, it can be identified 17 srnlnu acid (9 essential ammo ac~d and 8 non essential amino acid) hlrannhile in steroid teFl using Libcrmann Burchad, ~t can be identified

$ kinds o f deep sea 6sh containing steroid and the greatest conccntratton I S in Dietmoides

pauc~radiatus, Dentt~ndesmus trouis,Beryx splenderis, Haplusthethus craaalpinus.

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are rnarketed jnternalicmally, preferably (Perkins Austl+alia, fish (Beryx

occurred tishing (!00.1),

Cuhiceps one

ex cn util izr

B a r u i i a

IV

Marinc and Fishc fish. Some of presl

Based currcn

the content Sumalra.

11. hZA1'ERIAL.S

inaterials it1 this work 11

Benthodesmus tcni

craaaipinus, Hytcroglype

) proxitnate Arnino

1tst.

I. INTRODUCTION

1.

Bascd oti the total predictiou of I~ldonrsian lizhcry ocean potential which is a~nouut lo 6.6 million tons!ycar, corlsist of 5 millioil tun in Indonesian oceail and 2.1 million tons in Zee mean. 'The potential predic~ion crlmes from some kinds of

uccnn fish, such as the s n ~ a l l pelagic fish 3.5 tolls, coral fish 0.048 tnilliwl tonsiyear (Anonymous 2000).

According to the potential estimntlol~, productioil and u~ilization of pelagic fish in Indonesia i l l 2001, Malaka Street and Java Sea arc in the state of over fishing ( B R K P 2001) therefore i t nccds to look for uew fishing grou~id area instcad of area in coastal area and pelagic area. Part o f ocean envirn~l~ncnt which is predicted 3s altenlative area is deep sea arca.

Deep sea area i s located under shining dept area in the open ocean and deeper than continental she1 C p200m). The habitat is the widest par1 in the world where seldom organisms live in; its water v o l u ~ t ~ e is predicted of amount up to 85% of 70% world surface (Nybakkai 1992).

The seldom fishes however, are imponant food source and often looked for

by some people in the tllarkets. In Europe, deep sea fish (lung lip1 is marketed as cusk eel. In New Zealand called Nuug, South America called Cangrio and in Japan

called Kingu. This fish is marketed hy retail and seldo~n appears in restaurant, because of the good quality and unique meat texture. Gold king lip, red and black

Proximate

anal y s ~ s done ir~cludit~g

(Apt.iarltono et ul.

Porcclain temperature

'I'hetl i l l

desiccators

(* minute3 homoget~ated

placed (C gram).

% water content =

B-C

x %

...,

,,.,, &A

= Cup (gram) I3

C = (gram)

Apriautono

n

bunlcd "C after

deslccat~lrs t'or measure

4ND SOhlE FISH \VEST SlIMATERt

~seno", A l i suman" \~udianto') Arin ~ ~ m a ~ a n t i " ierles Producl F a c u l ~ y of F~sher~es Mvr~ne Sc~ence; ? ' I F~shery. Ueparlmcnl o r Marlne Fhhcr)

11s rescarch rhe Thc

~ ~ ~ r c t r t ~ d t ~ 1 1 i s . Benthude~nt~ts renrtis, Betyx .rplenden.~, Hcrploa~he~hir~

,,.>

SP. Ophi~liid(ie, UsIrucubetyi~ riutyge, I;odnn~lrs collennis. Hyreroglylw

23.11-14+t; "t, 1,44,1 96, 0-1,75 1,7-2-4 %,

c ~ d tcsi. ~t call 17

htcanwh~lc Libermann

sh cuntalnlng Dietmoides

.mu5 tenu~s.Brryx Flaplosthethus

predictioi~ Indoi~esian

m tons!yex, coi~sist milliotl to11 ocean :ce predictioi~ comes s o m e ki~lds

tolls, 0.048

estiinat~on. yroductiou altd or pelzigic af [or new

sastal a l u . Po11 o f ocean w hioh

i locatcd depl area !he weal1 and

ital (>Zoom). he the world

isms live !o

urface (Nybakken

shcs are important

ie

In

iland catled Cangrio

rstail and seldom

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art: marke~ed internationally, but LISA preferably the gold and red king lip (Perkins 1992). In Aus~ralia, deep sea tish (Bcryx aptendens) was exploited, even occurred over fish~ng Anonymous (2004). in addition Sosetia & Rustam (1993) reported that L'ubiceps whiteleggi is one of important econo~nical fish in the future. cvcn lhought in Indonesia dcep sea fish is not utilized optimally yet.

The result of Raruna Jaya IV expedition leaded by 'The Agency for Marine :md Fisheries. Research Ministry Marine Affairs md Fisheries showed about 529

kinds of deep sea fish. Some of those fishes are presumed to be containing aphrodisiac matter. Based otl this information, the current work ~ried to analyze the content of bio substance of some fish collected from Indian 0cea11 of west Sumatra.

11. MATERIALS

A N D

METHODS

Fish inaterials used in this work coi~sistcd of 1 1 species of deep sea fish, such as nietrnoides pauciradiatus, Renthodes~nus tenuis, Bcryx splendens, Haplosthethus craaaipinus, Hoplothethus sp, Hyteroglype japonica. The work is divided by 3 parts, as well; 1) proxiinate test, 2) Amino acid test and 3 ) Steroid

I t s t .

1 . Proximate Test

Proximate analysis was donc lucludit~g protein, fat, water, ash and carbohydrate.

Water level (Apriantonu et ul. 1989)

Poi+cclain cup was dried in rclnperature of 102-105 OU, for approximately

1 0- 1 2 hours. Then cup was put in desiccators (+ 30 minutes), measured (A grain), the cup was measured by homogeoalecl sample (I3 gram), the ainount 5 gram, placed in the cup was measured (C gram).

% water content =

B-C

x 100 %

...,...

( 1 ) B A

Where: A = Cup (grain)

U = Cup and wet sample (gram) C = Dried cup (grain)

Ask level

Ask level was analyzed according to Apriatltono et a!. (19P9). Porcelain cup was bun~cd in 650 OC for 1 hour, after the temperature fallen a b o u ~ 200 "U.

The cup was cold in desiccators for 30 tniuutes a11d ~neasured (A pmm). The]> the

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cup was measured by ho~nogenate sample (I3 gram), at 5 gram. The cup and the s a ~ n p l e are put in fireplace under remperaturc increasing gradually until 650 "C.

The white ask produced was get out. After that. the firepiact: was Vallcn it1 100 "C.

The cup was cold for 30 minutes and mcasurcd thc weight {C gram).

...

% Ask =

C-G

a 100% ( 2 )

B A

Where; A = Cup (gram)

B = Cup and wet sample (gram) C = Dried cup (gram)

Protein level

Protein level was analyzed accordi~lg to .4priantono er ul. ( 1 989)

a. Destruction

The sample was measured at 0.3 gram and put in a kieltec tube. A kjeltec tablet was put in !he tube; the tablct was used to catalisator.

The reaction:

...

Organic nitrogen HzSOJ

-

C02+1120+ (NH4)zSOa (3)

Catalyst

Mrrcury (Hg); Ag and Selc~iiiun (Sc) were usually used to catalyst matter kjeltec tablet consist of KISOJ and Se, after that destructio~l was done until the color of liquid changes to clear.

Thc cup of result of destructiou was cold and put to the filter cup, than it was diluted with 200 ml of water, not contain nitrogen, added sotne boiled stones and 100 ml o1'NaOH in order rha t the solution became base. The filter cup was put above filter fast. The process went on until nitrogen was caught by HIS04, which is in the ertenmeyer or if 213 part of the legend in the cup stearncd.

[ICI was added to a buret, done titration urltil the ccllor ctf liquid it1 erlenineyer changes to reddish, noted the volu~ne of HCI

...

Oh

N

= 14.01 x (A-B) x C (4)

D

% Protein

-

"/;I Nitrogen x conversion factor (6.25),

Where A = titration (ml) C = Molarilirs of slandntd acid B = BIanko titration (ml)

TI

= Samplc ( ~ n g )

Ccnfefensl Saln5 dan Per~kanon lndoner~o

Y 91qpws FPlK IPB 17-1 .lull

Fat Ivvel was arlalyzed tcj Apriaiitono el a

~neasured gram (WI), coixred with

w a s glven i:dt then prepxed cur and at~ached wilh soxhlrt

sprayed wiih dissolved

done fur "C:. fnr

ihcn

Carbohydrate

accordil~g

Carhohydratc calculati~~g differc

ivatrt. level, protei~l, and measurelnent

= (%Water

+

9

Amino

j t n i n o lcvet analyzed

cotnpositiou amino examined TI

trsrarch amino

lnoreover pico cc

Na-acetate: asetonitril (60:40) inovemeut aud trii

complcti~~g uxplanatio~~s

sample k 0.25 gr was ~ncasured closcd

IICl 6N blow11 by N2 gas 311d t I oven "C 1X-24 h ~ u r s , \he lirpid sarnple

fi

Sa~riplc resultud for rakc

1 d ~ y i n s Na-acetat

2:2: matter by pressurt

'y homogenaie sample {B gram), u ~ d replace under temperature gradujllly bS0 "C. ced gel lhe tireplace fa!len ill

mit~utes measured the waght

(C

x 100% ( 2 )

:up (gram)

:up

and

salnplc (gram) l i e d

vas w Aprianto~~o ut rrl.

; a11d kjelfec kjeltez

catalisator.

I l z S 0 4 CO?+II20+ ( N H d z S 0 4

...

(31

.rig (Se) were used

- o ~ ~ s i u K 2 S 0 4 Su, d e s t ~ u c t i o ~ ~ done ulltil to

It and

in1 waler, not contail1 nitrtycn, some

laOH solutiol~ filler

went tlitrogen H2S04,

:rlenmryer 2/3 the

buret, done titntic>~i until color erlen~neyer ish, noted volurne HC:I

I x x C

...

D

O/U (6.25),

= titratio11 (ml) C Molarities ot'sta~ldard

(in!) D (mg)

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Fat lcvel

Fat level was analy~ed according to Apriantorlo rt m i . ( 1 989). The sample was measured a1 3 gram (Wl), than coiered with filter paper in the up part while down part was given free fat cotton the11 prepared fat cup which was h o w the

weight (W2) and attached with soxhlut tube. The tube was put in the extractor of sorhlet tube, then sprayed with b t dissolved {petrulruln benzene), after that ex traction was done for 1 6 hours in 40 "C. After the extr~ction had fished, the tube brought out. The fat dissolver, who is in fat cup, was distillatcd until all of the fat dissotver steamed. and then the fat cup was dried in oven at 1 05 'C for 3-5 hours. The cold fat cup was measured in desiccators un111 constant weight (W3).

% Fat = W3-W2 x 10U O/u

...

( 5 )

W1

Carbohydrate level

Carbohydrate level was analyzed accordiilg to Winamo, (1992) Carbohydrate level was reached by calculalil~g the difference of 4 cotnponrnts watcr level, protein, fat 3t1d ask. Thc ineasurement is;

% Carbohydrate = 100%

-

(%Water

+

%Fat

+

S4Protein +%Ask)

2. Amino antl.4natyses

Aniuo acid level was analyzed according 10 r\di,iuans (1984). The ~ompositiun o i a ~ n i ~ ~ o acid was eramined by using HI'LC. The kind of HPLC used

in this research is HPLC water with the pri~~ciple of atnillo acid sepmtion based on acid base, lnoreover it used pico tag a ~ n i n o acids water color. The process used Na-acetate: asetonitril (60:JC)) as lnoveil~e~lt phase and t rlirletil xylena as quite phase. The completing explauatiol~s me:

a. Acid hydrolysis

The sample at

*

0.25 gr was measured in closed tube reaction then added 5

ml HC'I 6N and bluwu by

N2

gas and closed. After that, the sample was put it1

oven at 100 "C for 18-24 hours, ~ h c liquid sample was filtered by using fitter paper.

b, Drying

Sample liquid, resulted €or hydrolysis process, was laken at 1 0 1 to reacrion tubu and addrd at 30 I drying liquid (methanol: Na-acetate : 1ri ztil acetate = 2.2: 1 ). After that, thc rnntter by vacuum pump havil~g pressure 50 ~ o r r (3x)

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Derivat liquid (inetanol: trimetil asetat . penilisali asinnat = 7 : 1 : 1). The dried

samplc was added at 30 p1, and then it was ignored tbr about 20 minutes, dried by vaciwm pump, 50 torr pressure. After that, tllr dried sample was diluted by 200 p1 diluter liquid (Na-acetate 1 M) and gaincd satnple liquid which is ready to be analyzed.

d. Amino Acid analysis by HPLC

l'he condition of HPLC: whet1 atialysis occurred is: 1 . Color te~nperature : 3P°C

2. Color : pico tag 3.9 x I50

3. Water speed : 1.5 mlhninutes 4. Pressure . 3000 psi 5. Program : Gradient

6. Movement face :

-

Asetonitril 60%

-

Buffer

N

7. Detector ; UV 8. The length of wave : 254 tun

The percentage of amino acid in 100 grams deep sea can be measured by

The wldth o f sa~nple area x standard cot~cerltralion x 51nl x BhlA 1 100 ... (6)

n . b , q ~ n ~ n o i l c ~ d 7 Standardarea

BMA = the weight of amino acid molecule 3. Steroid Hormone Test

Steroid extraction was done based on a t~icthod, reported by Touchtone and Kasparov (1 970) referred by Riris ( 1994). The amount of deep sea at 20 grams. h o ~ n o g e ~ ~ i z e d by blender was added by 45 in1 of cold aceto~le, and then saved for 24 hours in cold rooin at 40 "C, centrifuged ill 500 rpm for 10 minutes. The obtaiiled deposit was separared frotn the liquid phase. The liquid phase was steamed in water heater at 30 "C'. The obtained residue was estated 2 times in etil acetate, chlorofom~ and water (1: 1: 1) by using separation tube so at makes 2 layers, extraction liquid solution down layer i s chlorofoml a~td up layer is etil acetate was steamed in water heater at 4 O C until dry. The extract was used to

idr-nlify stcrt~id.

S~rroid identification was done by Liebennan Burchard Test-Addition of some acetate anhydrate acid and 0,5 ml chloroform to a li~tle extract of deep sea- then stirred i t was added a drop of sulfate. The green color showed thal lhc extract

contained steroid (Cook ( I 958) referred by Riris (1 994).

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111. RESUI.'rS DISCUSSIOP

analysis I

nutrient each deep fish

Ilving (Zaitser pr ul. Septa]

1.

co~lterlt prc

%. or1 Stanby Santoso

i l l co~nparing

cotltent of fish's protei~l prlagil

7

Sam: code

sl~owz crassipii~us

protein 27..IU.,o ti:

Explanat~o~~s:

l Uiet~r~nrtles p;luc~rad~atus :

: Benthodesmus renuis : Ostracobery~

Beryx s ~ l e ~ l d r n s A9 : Goda~nus A4 Hoploslhrlhus crass~p~nus 10

A 5 Hoplothr~hus sp .I :

- .

Z

4

-

- 5

X

I

9

-

I 0

70,4 70,9 72,O 70,4 70,l 71,2 -- 70,6 71,9 72,l 72,l -. A10 2,O 2,l 2,1

1,7

2 , l 2,: - .

2.6 2,l 4,l 2.9 2,l 1,9

23,l -

24,5-

23,O

-

23,4

-- -

2 3 2 23,6

23,l

23,4

Penkonor-t Indonerlo I

Jull 1W7

(metanol: trimetil penilisati asianat 1 1). dricd t pi, and ignored

rrr pressuE. ~ h c dricd sil~nplc pl

M ) sainple lo

lysis

:

: pico x 150

mllminutes : Gndicnt

- Asetot~itril 6UU/b

Ruffcr :

uv

nm

;c ami~lo acid i n 100 gntns call measured

~ t i d f h ssnlple I concentration A s BhiX x 100 .. (6)

of amino indeculz

ke

;tion was Touchtone

:[erred amount of grruns,

then ,oom 'C, cel~trifuged in 500 rpin

{as iiquid The

;.atcr 'C. The estated times in ctil

1 ( 1 : l : l ) by using

st>lution chlorvfonn and

!d hzarcr "C' extract uscd

ification Liebennan Burchard Additiot~ lratc 0.5 1111 chlorufonn

ldded color

:oak ( I 956) by (

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111. RESUL'rS AND DISCUSSION 1 . Proximate Test

Kesult of pmxitnate analysis of deep sea shows that there are dit'ferences of ~~utrient fi)r each deep sea fish. It depends on kind at bioin species, age aud the conductio~~ at liviog area (Zaitsev cr dl. 1969 cited by Septarina ! 999).

Table 1. The resutt of proximale analysis

Explanations.

A1 : D~etrnoidcs psuciradiatus A h : Ijphidiidae

A2 : Benthodesmus lenuis A 7 : Ostracobequ durygen~s

A 3 : Beryx iplendens .4u , Godamus colleti

A 4 : Huplos~l~cihus crassipinus ,4 10 : Myctophidae sp A 5 ' Huplotl~ethus s p A 1 I : Hyreroglypne japon~ca

Protein level

Figurr 1 shows that the content o f deep sea fish's protein varies from 23.0 to 24.8 %. Based o n Stanby 6: Olcott 1963 cited by Sanloso 1998, deep sea fish's protei11 is in high level at protein and low at fat, it comparing with pelagic fish, the

cotitcnt of decp sea fish's protciu is higher thm tha~ at pelagic fish,

It shows in Table 2 that Holoplothetus crassipinus contain the highest at protein of 27.4% co~nparcd with other researched dtcp sea fish.

[image:6.845.93.397.185.416.2]

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Explanations.

A1 : Dietmoides pauciradiatus .42 : Benll~~desmus tenuis A3 : B e ~ l splendens A4 : f loploslhelhus crassiplnus A 5 : Hoplolhrthus sp

A6 : Ophidiidae

A7 : Ostncobzryu doryget~is

A9 : Godamus coHeti

A10 : Myctoph~dae sp A1 I : Hytrroglypne japonica Figurrl

.

Persen tage Histogram of Deep Sea protein Table 2, Composiiion nulrir~~t some pelagic fish it1 100 g

RDD

Sources : a. Hardiansyah and D Bnanan (1994)

b. F A 0 ( 1972) c . Riada (2000) Name of Protein

Fish Content(%) Lelnuru

"

20.00 Teri " 16.00 19.90 Tell liri 18.50 Tuna

'

22.00

Hiu ' 20.98

Fat level

Fat level of some deep sea fish was in average of I .9-4.l%, it is relatively higher tha11 that of both pelagic fish and fresh water fish. However this difference in fat level is not cleary significant since fat level of deep sea fish was categorized low one ( S ~ a ~ b y 8 Olcott 1 963).

Fat Water I

Uarbohidrate

("/.I

(%I.

(X) -. -

Konle~ensl So1n5 Kelouldo dan Per~konan lndonerro

Kurnpur FPlk IPB O(ornoga. 17-1 lull 2 N 7

3.00 1 .OO

2.70 2.70

1.01 4.51

'l'he conlrnl of

I

-- --

-. - -

Contsnt 01 Sea

Far contsnt 5

! ( % )

I

0

0 0

5.13

0.27

0 . 1 .OO

3.00 1.20 1.40 1.30 1.39

I

A 1 A 0 A1

Ssr

76.00

W . U O 76.20

77.40

7U.5b 72.85

deep fis

level

Dcep 0 / ~ ~ ( , (Karle:

inorga~~ic hypertonic. maintain

organism cnters solutio~l boc causcs watcr oE deep sea tha~l o

- .- - .-

T h t P r r s c n t a u c a t W a t e r C o n t e n t

[image:7.847.92.380.83.308.2]

A6 Ophid~~dae

Ostracoberyu dorygen~s

Godalnus colleti Myctoph~dac sp : Hyteroglppw

rel. Perset~tage

2omposition nutrie~it some pelagic 100

1 D B n a ~ a n (1 944)

) c ~iana (200tr)

Dole m

)orb However

:ary sigr~ificant fa! sea fish 3lcott

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Tliz coilter~t of deep sca fish's fat lek'rl, was shown in figure 2.

-- -.

The Percentage of Fat Conlsnt a1 Deep Sea

7

I Fat content 2.5

i

- A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A5 A6 A7 A9 A 1 0 A11 Deep Sea

I

[image:8.841.109.358.79.236.2] [image:8.841.120.355.357.481.2]

1 -- -

Figure 2. Histogntn of percentage of dcep sea fish's fat level

Water level

Dccp sea has high salinity with valuc 31.2 ['!uu (Karleskint, 1998). The high

rate of inorganic salt cause hypertonic. To maintain the condition of b d y is isotol~ic deep sca organisin enters solution to their body for adapting. The condition causes water level of decp sea fish is less than of fresh watch. tish aild pelagic fish.

I -

. . -. . . -. .

Tho P e r s c n t a g a of W a l s r C o n t e n t of Deep S e n

I

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2. Amino Acid Test

Table 3. Amino acid contcnt (YO) of deep Sea Fish

note:

A l : Victmoides pauc~radiatus

A 2 : Benthodesmus 1tnuj.i

A3 : B c y x spler~det~s A 4 : Hoplasrhethus crassip~nus A5 : Haplnthethus sp

(16 : Ophidiidae

A7 : Ostracoberyu dorygcl~is A" : Godatnus colleti A10 : Myctophidae sp

,I1 1 : Hyteroglyprlejaporlica

Marine fish have 17 important amino acids which are required by humall body. Nine of those are esserltial amino acid a11d the other noti essential a ~ n i i ~ o acids. Both Dietinoides pauciradiatus and Hoplothethus crassipi~lus c o i ~ t a i i ~ the greatest quantity of atni no acid in leusin and prolin. Bellthoides terluis and B e m

splanden have the highcst co~ltu~lt of amino acids 111 leusill and phenilalanin. Mean while, Holoplethus sp, Myctophidae sp and fiyterogl?~>n'e japonica have the highest content of amino acid in leusin and phenilalnnin. Ophidiidac and Ostracoberyu dorygerlis have highest in glutamat and Irusin.

From all of deep sea fish analyzed, ir scelns that lcusin is dominant in the quantity alnong all kinds of ainino acid fou~td in those tish. Leusin is an essential amil~o acid and include in hatogenic, prc~ducing ketai~e i l l hearth. Other ainino acids included Illis calegory is lisi~i and tripthopat1 (Lchr1ir1grr 1994). The function of thiq aminn acid i l l a s important biochemical compoltetlt, ilccded by body - to

produced energy, then to stimulate up part of brain and kezp body for reflection

http://www.rcal1imc.net~a11r!aminoacd.ht~nl.),

THP

- 32 -

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Arginin role aprodisiach grcat

~natcrial ml

n ~ t h Nitrogen enzyme,

dorygenis aild family ophidiidal

glutamat Glutalnat mild drlici

glutamate amino z

attd lnctabolism c u m n t

Clther a~nino alat~in, arginin, asparagir glutal~lin, glisin, Prolin domi~lated paucirad~ .iapotiics. glocogenic

'I'hr arnino

are fe~iilalanin domiuatiu

Ben! hodesmus tenuis,Godatnus colkt Beryr sj Hoplothcthus Hj.t erogl ypne japonica.

hormone co~nposition

(+): hormonr In l i s h

{-): In fish

uucl

matter eillargiug matt<

Asetat)

(-1

(-)

(-1

(-)

(-1

(-

1

(-)

I-)

r N F

Burchard 'Lest ta cholestc was deleled cblorofonn nixed by a ~ l d

positive changi~lg the from

in somc test

hornlone analvsls

1

7 X

stignastcrol aud Name

Dictinoides

~ c n t h d e s t ~ ~ ~ ~ G n u i s

Beryx splenclens

-

cmssipinus

dorygenis

Godamus colleti

[image:9.849.88.439.127.419.2]

Ian Per~konon 3 1'-18Juli2007

content (%)

Ah : Ophid~idac

A 7 Ostracoberyu doq-yen~s A'! Godnmus

A 1 0 Myctopllidae

A l 1 : j a p o l ~ i c a ve 17 i~nportailt a ~ n i i ~ o

Les pauciradiatus and crassipi~~us cant ain r

lnino leusin and R c r p

,hest leusin and phenilalanin. Meail

jp, hlyctophidae and Hytcroglypne japonica he

amino acid in leusin and phenilalanin. )is have glutamat and Icusin.

:p sea seems leusit1 iu

nds amino founJ in 111osc 1,cusin an essetltial

~ d r hatogenlc. amino

t z g o ~ y lisin and tripthopa11 {[.chningcr runc!ion imporlmt bivchelnical lleeded

-

to n up part of brain

~ e t / a n r l a n ~ i i ~ o a c d ~ . )

-

-

PROSlDlNG

Konferens~ S o ~ r ~ r I oloulon don Per~konon rndoner~cl I

Karnpus F P l r - IPB Orornogo. 17. l B J u l ~ ?007

Arginin having rtllc as aprodisiach was in great quantity among some deep sea iish, moreover it has potential as material of strong medicine A r g i ~ l i ~ ~ relaled with Nitrogel1 oxid~nr (NO) e~~zyrne, having role in width of blond.

0 s t n c o b e t ) ~ dorygc~l~s a ~ i d Canlily of ophidiidae were dominated by glutainat acid. Glutamut acid gives mild flavors and delicious smelt, the same as cod, but it was sweater since glutamate acid is a amino acid, change to glucose and glycogen by ~netabolisrn c u m n t called glucogenic (Lehninger, 1994).

Other ainino acid ii~cluded alanin, arginin, asparagin, aspartat acid, sistrill, glutamin, glisin, Prolin dominated in Diellnoides pauciradiatus and Hywc~glypne iaponica. They are glocogenic ainino acid.

The kinds of ainino acids which are combi~~ation of ketogenic and glucogenic arc fenilalaniu and tirosis~. The domination of fenilalanin was do~ninate in Benthodesn~us tenuis,Grdamus colleti Beryx sple~tdens, Myctophidae sp, Hoplothethus sp, Hyteroglypne japonica.

I

3. Steroid tIorrnonc Test

'Table 3. S~zroid honno~le composition

I

(+): There is steroid hormone in deep sea fish (-): There isn'l steroid honnone in deep sea fish

I NO

1

:

4

5

h

7

8 '--

Steroid hortnonr is hornlone cclntainirlg steroid nucleolus. Aphtodisiac is matter enlarging libido. Steroid horn~one is one of the matters having function as aphrodisiac.

Liebennan Burchard Test is used to analyze cholesterol in which sample was deleted in chloroform and mixed by sulfate acid and acetate glacial. The positive result was show11 by the changing of the color from red to violet, blue to green in some minutes. This test was not specific for cholesterol, but for other

The result of stei-old hormone analysis- Fish Naine

Dietrnoides pauciradiatus Be~~tl~odesmus tenuis Reryx splcndens

Hoplosthethus crassipinus Hoplothethus sp

Ophidiidae

Ost racoberyu darygenis Godamus colleti

stcrol such as stignasterol attd ergo stcrol which will give positive respond (Dence,

1980).

THP - 3 3

-

Test Kesutt

1

Test Result (Etil Asetat)

(-1

(-1

(-)

(-1

(->

(-1

(-1

(-1

( Chloroform)

(+)(+I

(+I(+)

( +)

-

(+)I+)

(+I-

PROSIDING

Konferens~ Sa~nr Kelaulun don Per~kanan lndoneva I

<om01 I; FPlK - I PR Drornuga 17- 18 Juli 2CO7

The result 011 the table shows that deep sea fishes a~lalysis has steroid content. It was seen in Liebennan Burchard Test, extract of isolation using

chlorofonn gave posi~ive result, changing extract's color to green. and ergosterol. The calot. of Fish giv111g great effect was shown in nietmoides pauciradiatus, Bei~thodes~nus tenuis and Hoplust hethus crassip~nus. The changing extract 's color to g r e e ~ shows the existence of sterol-stigma stem1 organic indicate the existence of two or more double c h a i ~ ~ of carbon. While extract isolated by using ethyl acetate did not show the changing of color.

Steroid is white solid crystal. Steroid has s o ~ n e shapes such as little needle, leaf, plate and amorf. It depends on kind of solution used in crystallization, skill and the luck of chem~stry experl. Since steroid has 17 or more carbon atoms, so

this component lurid to undeleted in water (Wilsotl & Gisvijld, 1981). Ethyl acetate i ~ ~ i x e d water has possibility the steroid which is not restricted, caused the polarity of ethyl acetate is higher than chlorofonn, includii~g oon polar.

The color of inix which does not change is predicted by the existellce of saturated steroid i.e. choncstanol. It is caused the saturated steroid i.e, chonestanol shows negative resul~ toward Liebenne~ln Burchad test (Dence, 1980).

The peak which easy to be observed is 6 con,jugated ketone ring in 1 670 cm-

I , . . ,isctilcnik C-ti close to 3000 cm-I. From the infra red

(1R)

analyze, it shows that doubled C-C chain appears as the weak peak which close to 2000 cm-' and vibration C-C is the p e ~ k of medium intcilsity abovr: 1600 cm-'. The confusion bctween carbouyl peak and siklohevvane peak in 1670 cm" szldo~n occur, i t is caused the carbonyl having one of the strongest spectnim. Thc strong chain of 1250 ~ r n . ' ~ i v e s respond to C - 0 frorn D ring relation.

Froin the infra red snalyze, it can be sce that Oiutmoides pzuciradiatus, Benthodcs~nus tenuis, and HopIos!hethus crassipinus s l ~ o w positive result toward

LR

test. All of the peak are expected showing nearness to the existel~ce of steroid.

Meanwhile Beryx spleltdens, Hoplothethus sp, Ophidiidae, Ostracoberyu dorygr

Godamus colleti nis, show negative result tn the existence of siklohexsane. It shows the positive correlation between Liehennann Rurchad test and Lufra red spectro~netry test. The strclngest existetice of sternid is in Dictrnoides pauciradiatus. Bcnthodesmus tenuis and Hoplosthethus crassipinus.

IV. CONCLUSION

Sorne deep sca fish c o ~ ~ t e n t proximate, protein bct~vcen 23,O and 24,8%. I t w a s higher than pelagic fish. The highest content is in Hoplothethus sp, at 27.4%. In amirlo acid test, deep sea fish had 17 ami~lo acids, 9

of

which essential amiiio acid and the others were non essential amino acid. Leusin and arginin dolninated

in the quantity some deep sea fish. Meanwhile steroid horn~orle test usil~g

PROSjDING

ronferens~ Solm Kelouion dur~ Perikonan h d ~ n e : ~ u

K mcwnpus FPlK IPB Dramogn f .'- 18 dull 2007

Liebemen Burchard, fish conten!

ctncentration Dietrnoides pauciradiatus and Hoplosth

hnimous. 2000. Kesources, http://wwv i k a ~ laut/tcknis.httn. (Juny 20041

Animouu. uf http:!!dcsslosc

bcr 2004j.

.honin1.2005. Aniuo I~~tp:!~www.w~lti~nt:~ [Februari 20051.

Apriyalltono Fardiaz Puspitasari B!

Fwd Bogor: Ceti~r

Agricul rural Ui\iversity.

LBRKP] l~~stitution Fishesy and Marille LOO

Indonesian.

Departlnent Marirle Fishe

LBRKP] Illstitutiol~ ot'

Ocea~l Su~nztra Ocean. and Fishery.

Harper, L)eaton dan J.A. Uriskel. 1988. Fnd,

Su~ard~o. High

Karleskin, O, 1998. Introductio~l IIart Untted Statc America.

Lchninger, Basic Biochernical. Jilid Publishc

Nut-, M.A., H. Adi-juwana dan

Educatiori and Guneral Oerectorate

Agric. 11 ttural Universj ty, f

Nybakkcll 1992. Mai,ne Ecoiogic.11

IY92.

Nutritio~l n ~ t d

Pigott, ; Effects tec

Marcel Dckker. 111~. York Basel.

the

11 Liebznnan Burchard of

dive result, color green and

;iving effect was sl~ol$rl ill Dietinoides

s and chdnging exlract's

:xjstence stcrol existei~cc

lble Whilc by e ~ h y l

lit~le nredle,

f.

~nistry Sir~ce 17 c a h o n

& tiisvold, 19112). I S nut

higher

inix not existence of

chonestanol. the i.e.

It Licbennellrl (Dence, 19801.

obsewed

,se ctn". From infra analyze,

1 appeafi close c i i '

le peak medium above cm-'. Tbz c o i ~ f u s i o ~ ~

Feak siklohcxsnnc cm-' seldom

.1 stroilg

~ o n d C - 0 ring relation

i a arlalyze, call Dietrnoides

and Hoplosrhethus crassipinus result

eak showil~g llearness e.xistence stel-oid. iplcn dens. Hoplothetbus Ostncoberyu doryge

siklohexsane. It betweell Liebennann a i d Infra

existellce nodesinus trnuis

:a fish 23,O 24,8%. It

The sp, 27.3Y.h.

fish amino

Leusin and arginin dominated rrne deep fish. Meanwhile honnotle lest

PROS lDllrlG

Kcnltrenri bins Kelnuton don Per~kanon in done:^^ I Kampu% FPlK - lPB Dramagn 1'- 18 Juli 2007

Lizbennen Burchard, 8 kinds of dmp sea fish content steroid and the greatest concentratiori is in Dietlnoidrs pauciradiatus and Hoplosthethus crassipinus

REFERENC'ES

Aniinous. 2000. Pclagic Natural Kesourcrs. littp:i~ivww.bi.go.id/sipuk~lirn/i~~d

ikan laut/teknis.htm. [Juny 20041

:himous. 2004. The Secret of Deep Sea. http:~ldesslosqualene.tripod.co~n/. [ 8 Dese~n ber 20043.

.h1oni~1.2005. Amino Acids. ~ /ww.reaItii~~e.nct/anr/a~~~inoacd. w h ~ d . [Februari ZOOS].

Apriyautuno A, Fardiaz D, Puspitasari NL, Sedamawati, Bud1 yanto S. 1 989. The

Hint of Food Analysis Laboratory. Bogor: Cent]-e Universi tics, Bogor Agricultural U~~iversity.

[RRKPJ Itlstitution of Fishery and Marini Research. 2001. Study Fish Siock in Indonesian. Jakarta: Department of Marine and Fishev.

[RRLP] Institution of Fishery and Marine Reseal+ch. 2005. Study of Deep Sea

Stock in Suth Java Ocean and West Sulrletra Ocean. Jakarta: Department of

Marine and Fishely.

I I a ~ e r , L.J., B.J. Draton dan J.A. Driskcl. 1988. Food, Nutrient, and Agricultural. Translate of Sutnrdjo. General Dircstorate of High Educatioi~, Jakarln. Karleskiti, G, Jr. 1998. IntroductW~~ to Marille Biology. HarcourZ Brace Company.

United State of :Imerica.

Lehningzr, A.L. 1994. Basic of Biochemical. Jilid 2. Publisher Erlangga. Jakarta

Nur, M.A., 11. Adi,iuwar~a dan Kosasih. 1992. Practical Hith: D c p a ~ l ~ n e n t of Education a l ~ d Culture. General Derectorate of High Education. C e ~ ~ t r e of Ridngical University. Bogor Agricul~ural University, Bogor.

Nybakketl J W . 1 992. Marine Biology. A Ecological .4pproch. Jakarta : Publisher Grarnedia.

Perkins, C' (Ed). 1 992. Seafood Handbook, Thu Advanced, Selliug The Benefit; 'Taste, Nutrjt ion and Safely. Rackland. Maine. USA.

Pigot!, G.M. and B. W. Tucker. 1 989. Sea h ~ d ; Effects of technology on ~ ~ u t n t i o n . Marcel Llckker, Inc. New York and Base!.

PROSlDlNG

Konferensi Sains Keloulon d o r ~ Penkonon lndonesia I Kompus FPIK - 1PB Drnrr~oyo. 1 7-1 8 Jul~ 20G7

Santosrl J . 1988. ?'he Effect of Protein and Oil in R a n s o i n toward Quantity and Composition of Amino Acid and Brain Fat Acid and the ability of rat [thesis]. Bogor: Program of Post Graduale. Bogor hgriculturat University. Scptarina DG. 1999. Evaluation point o f pH, Power of couductor and

C)rgannleptik of Fresh Tuna in different quality. [scripts]. Bogor: Faculty of

Fisheries a i d Marine S c i e ~ ~ c e . Bogor Agricultural University

Sosclia J, Rustam

R.

1993. The Research of Deep Sea Fish in T a n i i n b a r O c e d ~ i . Jounlal of Marine Fishery Research. 80:57-62.

Suseno, SEI dan D a ~ n a y m t i A. 2005. The Content of Proxiinale and Amino Acid of Some Deep Sra Fish from West Sumatera Ocean. Proceeding of National Seminar of Food a~d Medicines. P J u n u Uaiversity. Bogor.

W i i ~ a r t ~ o FG. 1992. Chemical of Food and Nulrient Jakarta:

PI'.

Gramedia Pustaka Cfta~na.

THP

-

36

-

PROSIDING

Konferen!, 5 0 1 n S Kelautfln don Perrkonon f Kornpt~r FPIK - IPE Orornogo. Jul~ 2037

POLA PERTUMBUHAW BAKTERI k'ANG

SPONS SEBAGAl PENCHASIL

KONSENTRASl NeCI, pIl, 1 Tati Nurhayati, Desnivr intan

Departenien Teknologi Has11 Pcrarran, Fakullas 1

merupakar~ salsh tnakroorganisme hanya

0.0). dranraranya bersifat anrib~ot~k, crulm (trrmasuk

tersebut icrlepas dan peran berasosiasi

sebanyak 40-bD D/u berat tnikmorganisme Beberap dengan dan merupakan penghasil inhibrtor protease

Ch,antohrr/nbrrc/o. Acme1ubnrrt.c. btrunlclno~ Produksi cr d~pcngaruhi oleh pertumbuhan bakter~ lersebur. 0 1 t h karcna t u ~

rnengamatl pengaruh NaCI, st~hu lrrhsdap t:

prolease. Berdasarkan has11 penelitian J~krrahur bahha Armr

l%r-omclholubrrcrc,. bonseniras~ garam 1 sd

Iunlbuh koilscntrasi gararn 9.0. suhu 3 0 "C met penurrhuhal~ ke~iga jenis tersebut.

kunci: inhib~tor prcrtease, spons

perairno ymg di~nili Indorlesia

%; bagia~l dari keseluruhal~ wiIayah Wilayah pcrair dcngan wilayah pesisir ~nerupakan daerah keanskara

Keberadaan surnberdaya darl

pusat (Saefu12005). Salah sunlber dal perairan l t ~ d o n e s i a sekitar X3O jenis

Spons i n e r u p a k a n hewatl priimitif (mctazoa: Hewan inerupakan ura~na dala~n penelit alani. sendiri julnlah dan penqrbaran sangat

.ienis knxi, tetapi pcrkiraa~l

hidup tersebar di peraira~~ l a t ~ t dm 11a1nu11 (Wiboao rl r ~ l . 2004).

barlyak

ivinl, antibiofouling, dan antiv (Couwelaar et a/. 2001). Salah enzim yang

PROSIDING

Konferensi Sains Kelautan dan Perikanan Indonesia I Kampus FPIK – IPB Dramaga, 17 – 18 Juli 2007

THE NUTRIENT AND STEROID CONTENT OF SOME DEEP SEA FISH

SPECIES FROM WEST SUMATERA OCEAN

Sugeng Heri Suseno1) Ali Sunian2)Wudianto2) and Arin Damayanti1)

1)

Department of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science;

2)

Institution of Marine and Fishery, Department o f Marine and Fishery

ABSTRACT

The Purpose o f this research is to observe ihe content of nutrient and steroid of some deep sea fish from west Sumatera ocean. The result of the research shows that I I kinds of deep sea fish such as: Dietmoides pauciradiotus. Benthodesmus tenuis, Beryx splendent, Haplasthehus Crauaipinus,

Hoplothetsus sp, Ophidridae, Osiracoberyu dorygae, Godamus colit'd'ds. Hyteroglype japonica contain