AN ANALYSIS OF SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES IN THE RAP SONGS “NO LOVE” AND “TALKIN TO MYSELF” BY EMINEM
THESIS
By:
TRI YULI ARDIYANSAH NIM: 09360016
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AN ANALYSIS OF SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES IN THE RAP SONGS “NO LOVE” AND “TALKIN TO MYSELF” BY EMINEM
THESIS
This Thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
By:
TRI YULI ARDIYANSAH NIM. 09360016
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
This thesis written by Tri Yuli Ardiyansah was approved on August 1, 2013.
By:
Advisor II, Advisor I,
This Thesis was defended in front of the Examiners of the Faculty of Teacher
Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of the Requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
on August 1, 2013
Approved by:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Dean,
Drs. M. Syaifuddin, M.M.
Examiners: Signatures:
1. Drs. Jarum, M.Ed 1……… 2. Drs. Marzuki, M.Pd 2……… 3. Riza Elfana, M.A 3………
MOTTO
if you do good, people will accuse you of selfish, ulterior motives.
Do good anyway
(Kent Keith)
DEDICATION:
I dedicated this thesis to
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praises are due to Allah SWT, who gives His blessing,
guidance and merciful in my life, then finally I could finish this thesis.
Furthermore, I would like to express my deepest thank to Riza Elfana, M.A
and Drs. Imam Mahfud for their advice, correction, motivation and ideas in guiding
my thesis until finished. My gratitude also goes to all lectures of English Department
in the University of Muhammadiyah Malang for knowledge that may worthwhile.
Indeed, I would like to thank to my beloved Mother (Ibu Tutik Husiansih),
Father (Bapak Tirto Nadi), Sisters (Mbak Susana Puji Astuti and Indri Wahyuni
Astuti), brothers (Mas Akhmad Fauzi and Samsul Arifin), nephew and niece (Adek
Amanda, Zizi, and Valen) who always give me support and prayers so that this thesis
could be completed. For the one who always give spirit to finish my thesis “My 09360270, Ncy” thanks for your Love.
To all my close friends at English Department (Aji, Pram, Tomat, Iman,
Johan, Hardi, Lingga, Irma, Inof, Dian, Raisa, and Febri) thanks for your togetherness
and kindness, help and support. And for all my friends who cannot be mentioned one
by one, thank you very much.
Malang, August 1, 2013 The Writer,
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Syntactic Structures ………. 5
2.2Kinds of Syntactic Structures ... 6
2.2.1 Structure of Modification ... 6
2.2.1.1 Modifier ... 6
2.2.1.2 Head ... 9
2.2.2 Structure of Predication ... 10
2.2.2.1 Predicate ... 10
2.2.2.2 Subject ... 12
2.2.3 Structure of Complementation ... 13
2.2.3.1 Verbal Element ... 13
2.2.4 Structure of Coordination ... 17
4.1.2 The most predominant syntactic structure in the rap songs “No
Love” and “Talkin to Myself” by Eminem ... 47 4.2 Discussions ... 48 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusions ... 50 5.2 Suggestions ... 51 REFERENCES ... 52 APPENDIXES
REFERENCES
Francis, W. Nelson. 1958. The Structure of American English. USA: The Ronald Press Company. S.
Rogers, William E. 2000. A Simplified Structural Syntax. http://eweb.furman.edu/~wrogers/syntax/index.htm. Downloaded on 4th January, 2013.
Ary, Donald. Jacobs, Lucy Cheser, etc. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education 8th Edition. USA: Nelson Education, Ltd.
Wilkinson, David. Birmingham, Peter. 2003. Using Research Instruments: A guide for researchers. New York: Routledge Falmer.
Woods, Peter. Pratt, Nick. 2006. Qualitative Research. http://www.edu.plymouth.ac.uk/resined/qualitative%20methods%202/qualr shm.htm. Downloaded on 13th January, 2013.
Rampur, Stephen. 2011. Definition and Types of song. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/types-of-songs.html. Downloaded on 4th January, 2013
Nair, Tulika. 2011. Rap Music Characteristics. http://www.buzzle.com/articles/rap-music-characteristics.html.
Downloaded on 5th January, 2013
DeLine, Chris. 2010. Eminem “Recovery” Review.
http://www.culturebully.com/eminem-recovery-album-review. Downloaded on 27th December, 2012
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know what they speak about. In a phrase or sentence, there are words that combine
one word to another to make large structures (sentence or phrase) that convey
more meaning of the words themselves. Francis (1958), states that the
combination of one or more than two words will produce various structural
meaning. Phrase or sentence is simply combinations of syntactic structures. No
matter how complicated the structure, it can be analyzed in syntactic structures. In
order to analyze the structural meaning, Francis uses syntactic structure analysis.
There are four kinds of syntactic structures. Those are: structure of modification,
structure of predication, structure of complementation and structure of
coordination.
In a language, words are the most important element. In combining words
to make a phrase or sentence, people usually make it grammatically. However, it
is often found that phrase or sentence is not usually grammatical. Usually, it is
found in song because the lyric of song is often in the form of a poem which is
2
A song also means a piece of music which usually contains a verbal text
that is expressed by voice. There are many types of songs such as classical, pop,
rock, metal, country, hip hop, rap, ballad, dance, love, and gospel songs.
In this century, rap songs have become popular in countries across the
world. www.plasticlittleraps.com, notes that Rap songs are widely popular
because rap songs create rhyming by considering most sophisticated styles of
poetry. However, these rhymes often address provocative subjects such as sex,
violence and socio-political issues. Those make a lot of people like rap songs
because those songs can express their emotion. According to Chris DeLine (A
blogger from Nashville, TN), one of the best famous rapper in the world is
Eminem. He is a white rapper from America. Eminem becomes a famous rapper
because he makes great rap songs that consist of pure rap and good poem. He can
combine those all into an amazing lyrics and fast beat that make the listener feel
his emotions when he sing the rap songs.
In generally, the lyrics of rap songs contain many long sentences or phrase
and there are also many bad words in the lyrics that usually make the lyrics
ungrammatical. Therefore, the writer is interest to analyze the lyrics of rap songs
in syntactic structure.
Syntactic structure is a study in analyzing structure of words in a phrase or
sentence. The writer uses syntactic structure analysis because syntactic structure
can analysis every structure of word. No matter how complicated the structure
itself, it can be still analyzed in syntactic structure analyses including the rap
3
From those reasons, the writer would like to find the kinds of syntactic
structures and the most predominant syntactic structures in Eminem’s songs by
using “Chinese boxes”based on Francis’s theory.
In this case, the writer only chooses two Eminem’s songs. Those are “No
Love” and “Talkin to Myself” from “Recovery” album in 2010. The writer only
chooses the two songs because according to Chris DeLine, those songs are the best
songs that made Eminem return from his reputation that has decrease in his
previous album.
1.2. Statement of the Problem
a) What kinds of syntactic structures are found in the rap songs “No Love” and
“Talkin 2 Myself” by Eminem?
b) What is the most predominant syntactic structure in those rap songs?
1.3. Purpose of the Study
a) To find out what kinds of syntactic structures are found in the rap songs “No
Love” and “Talkin 2 Myself” by Eminem
b) To find out what the most predominant syntactic structure in those rap songs
1.4. Significance of the Study
The study will be significant in two ways. First, it gives a contribution for
the English linguistic lecturers in University. The lecturers can teach students who
4
syntactic structures that can analyze every structure of words in that sentence or
phrase. So, the lecturers can develop the students’ knowledge about English structure. Second, the rap song can be a material for the University students in
learning syntactic structures because in the lyrics of rap songs usually contain
many words that can be analyzed in syntactic structures. However, in this century,
rap song has become a popular song especially for teenagers’ student. The rap
songs can be a fresh material that motivates the students in learning English.
1.5. Scope and Limitation
The scope in this study is analyzing the syntactic structures. The limitation
is that the writer analyzes the lyrics of the rap songs “No Love” and “Talkin to Myself. Those rap songs are Eminem’s featuring songs with other singers. The writer only analyzes the parts of the lyrics sung by Eminem himself, excluding the
featuring singers.
1.6. Definition of key terms
a) Rap song: A song that is a mix of the spoken word, traditional singing, and
poetry that is accompanied by some form of a rhythm. (Tulika Nair, 2011)
b) Syntactic structures: Parts of linguistic, that focus on analyze the structure of
words in each sentence or phrase. They are categorized into four kinds:
structure of modification, structure of predication, structure of
