EXPLORING TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS ON
“EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE “(ETH) STRATEGY IN TEACHING GRAMMAR AT THE TWELFTH GRADE OF MAN 3
LOMBOK TENGAH
by Sriatun 180107037
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION PROGRAM FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF MATARAM MATARAM
2022
i
EXPLORING TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS ON
“EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE “(ETH) STRATEGY IN TEACHING GRAMMAR AT THE TWELFTH GRADE OF MAN 3
LOMBOK TENGAH
Presented to state Islamic university of Mataram to fulfilled the requirement for the attainment the degree of Serjana in English
Language education
by Sriatun 180107037
STUDI PROGRAM OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND TEACHER TRAINING STATE
ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF MATARAM 2022
ii
iii
v
vi MOTTO
Today is a struggle and tomorrow is a victory
vii
DEDICATION
I dedicate this thesis to my beloved father Lapur and mother, Jam, and my dearest brothers and (sisters, Sabarudin, Ardia Wiranata, Jumadil Awal, and brothers-in-law Sriwahyuni and Iin Widyaningsih, as well as aunts and uncles, Grandpa and Grandmother who always give a lot of support, love and motivation. and prayer which is the biggest reason for me, so that at this time I am still strong through life's obstacles, then as all lecturers, all teachers and all class B 2018 friends who always support me.
and I say many thanks.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Alhamdulillah,Praise be to Allah SWT who has given mercy and guidance to all his creatures so that we are able to carry out all activities well. Healthy wal afiyah especially to the author so that the thesis with the title exploring teachers’ and students’ perceptions on everyone is a teacher here (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar at the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah can be resolved properly.
The author also does not forget to send sholawat and greetings to his beloved king, our great prophet Muhammad SAW who has guided us with all his love and struggle so that we can enjoy the beauty of Islam. The author is still aware that the writing of this thesis cannot be separated from the help of other parties, namely family, parents, friends, teachers, lecturers and other relatives. So on this occasion the author would like to express many thanks to:
1. Prof. Dr. H.Masnun Tahir, M.Ag as the Rector of State Islamic University of Mataram.
2. Dr. Jumarim, M. HI as Dean faculty of Education and Teacher Training at State University of Mataram.
3. Mr. Ika Rama Suhandra M.Pd and Mr. Kasyfur Rahman,M.Pd as the Head and Secretary of English Education Depertement at State University of Mataram.
4. Dr.Yek Amin Aziz M.Pd, as my advisor I, and my greatest ,advisor II, Husnawadi M.A. TESOL who have given me guidance, support, and suggestion so I can finish this thesis completely.
5. All lecturers of English Language Education Study Program, Faculty of Education and Teacher Training, State Islamic University of Mataram, who have been teaching, guiding, and giving me a lot of good thing and knowledge during the years of my study.
6. My beloved almamater state Islamic University of Mataram, may you always be victorious.
7. My beloved and influential people my father (Lapur), my mother (jam), and my three older brothers (Sabarudin, Ardia wiranata and Jumadil Awal) and my olders sisters Sriwahyuni and Lin widianingsih who always pray, support and motivation.
ix
8. To my friend M. Puja Pratama who always helped me while compiling this thesis.
9. My best of the best B 2018 classmates. Thank you for being my second family. And thank you for every single precious memory since we stay together to struggle during this college.
10. All friends, which I could not mention one by one
Mataram, 19 September 2022
Sriatun
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
COVER ... i
TITLE PAGE ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ... ii
ADVISORS’ OFFICIAL NOTE ... iii
STATEMENT OF THE THESIS AUTHENTICITY ... iv
THESIS RATIFICATION ... v
MOTTO ... vi
DEDICATIONS ... vii
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ... viii
TABLES OF CONTENT ... x
ABSTRACT ... xii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
A. Background ... 1
B. Focus of research ... 4
C. Objective and significance of the research ... 4
D. Scope and Setting research ... 5
E. Review and Provious research ... 5
F. Theoretical Based ... 7
G. Research Method... 15
H. Discussion Organization ... 19
CHAPTER II DATA DISPLAY AND FINDINGS ... 21
CHAPTER III DISCUSSION ... 30
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 33
A. Conclusion ... 33
B. Suggestions ... 33
xi
REFRENCES ... 34 APPENDICES
xii
EXPLORING TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS ON
“EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE “(ETH) STRATEGY IN TEACHING GRAMMAR AT THE TWELFTH GRADE OF MAN 3
LOMBOK TENGAH By
Sriatun_
180107037
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the strategy everyone is a teacher here in learning grammar for the twelfth grade in Man 3 Central Lombok. This study was a qualitative study and there were 15 students interviewed and 3 English teachers. and in this study the researchers found that using everyone is a teacher here in twelfth grade has a great influence not only on the students but also on the teacher has a positive effect, one of which is increasing students' vocabulary, making students more active in the classroom. , eliminates sleepiness and makes the class lively but from another side the negative effect is that some students feel bored. This can be known through the results of observations and interviews.
Keywords: Perceptions, ETH, Grammar.
xiii
EXPLORING TEACHERS AND STUDENTS PERCEPTIONS ON
“EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE “(ETH) STRATEGY IN TEACHING GRAMMAR AT THE TWELFTH GRADE OF MAN 3
LOMBOK TENGAH By
Sriatun_
180107037
دعاوقلا ملعت يف سردم انه درف لك ةيجيتارتسا ريثأت ديدحت وه ةساردلا هذه نم ضرغلا نا هذه تناك .كوبمول طسو اجيت يرجين ايلع ةسردم يف رشع يناثلا فصلل ةيعون ةسارد ةساردلا
و اًبلاطرشع ةسمخ ةلباقم تمت ثيح 3
نوثحابلا دجو ةساردلا هذه يفو .ةيزيلجنلإا ةغلل نيسردم
نكلو بلاطلا ىلع طقف سيل ريبك ريثأت هل رشع يناثلا فصلا يف انه ملعمك عيمجلا مادختسا نأ ، بلاطلا تادرفم ةدايز اهدحأ ، يباجيإ ريثأت هل ملعملا ىلع اًضيأ اًطاشن رثكأ بلاطلا لعجي امم
ضعب نأ وه يبلسلا ريثأتلا ىرخأ ةيحان نم نكلو ةيويحلاب اًمعفم لصفلا لعجيو ساعنلا ليزي يف تلاباقملاو تاظحلاملا جئاتن للاخ نم كلذ ةفرعم نكمي .للملاب نورعشي بلاطلا.
دعاوق ، ًاملعم حبصي لكلا ، يأر :ةيحاتفم تاملك
EXPLORING TEACHERS’ AND STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS ON
“EVERYONE IS A TEACHER HERE “(ETH) STRATEGY IN
xiv
TEACHING GRAMMAR AT THE TWELFTH GRADE OF MAN 3 LOMBOK TENGAH.
By Sriatun__
180107037
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pendapat para guru dan siswa MAN 3 Lombok Tengah sejauh mana efek dari strategy everyone is a teacher here dalam pembelajaran grammar kelas dua belas di Man 3 Lombok Tengah .Dan penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dan ada 15 siswa yang di wawancara dan 3 guru bahasa inggris. dan dalam penelitian ini peneliti menemukan bahwa dengan menggunakan everyone is a teacher here di kelas dua belas memiliki pengaruh yang besar bukan hanya di bagian siswa namun di guru pun memiliki efek yang positif salah satu nya adalah meningkatkan kosakata siswa,membuat siswa semakin aktif di dalam kelas, menghilangkan rasa ngantuk serta membuat dalam kelas hidup namun dari segi lain efek negatifnya adalah sebagian siswa merasa bosan.
Hal ini dapat diketahui melalui hasil observasi dan wawancara.
Kata kunci: Pendapat, ETH, Tata Bahasa..
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1 A. Background of research
English is one of the languages of the world benefits for people all over the world. English is used as a language for cross-border communication.
Use communicating English can also help people know understand and respect each other Language, culture, Ethnicity1.
English is a foreign language in Indonesia. English is one of the most popular foreign languages among people in languages.2
In addition the university curriculum Act Education also includes foreign languages, especially English this is an opportunity to be both a subject and a master. Quick, Required Courses for Students in English as a Foreign Language in Indonesia.3
Some results from previous studies indicate that many studies in Indonesia use the direct grammar teaching method so that schools in Indonesia still do not know the extent of the change and rejection of student learning outcomes with the everyone is teacher here method on grammar learning, so they use that method. But less attention is paid in terms of its results and the extent of its influence on students.
The grammar is a native language skill that allows them can do something Talks in their language and able to speak fluently. Grammar skills of native speakers. Reflected in the nature of the institution.
Speakersmore than native speakers .Grammar is a very important rule to master in language. Humans cannot use other words so that can find out how to combine them. Moreover, languag is able to determine how sentences enter language built. For English students many students are still
1 Mukminin, A., Ali, R. M., & Ashari, M. J. Voices from within: Student teachers’ experiences in English academic writing socialization at one Indonesian teacher training program. The Qualitative Report, 20(9), 1394-1407. (2015)
2 Husarida, H., & Dollete, R. Perceived Effectiveness on the Use of English Language in Teaching Mathematics and Science. Indonesian Research Journal in Education |IRJE|, 3(1), 177-198. (2019)
3 Mukminin, A., Masbirorotni, M., Noprival, N., Sutarno, S., Arif, N., &
Maimunah, M. EFL speaking anxiety among senior high school students and policy recommendations. Journal of Education and Learning, 9(3), 217-225,(2015).
2
confused about the use of Grammar and they find it difficult to express what they want to say.4
Grammar able to play an important role in language learning. Grammar is the center of language education and learning and also the system of rules in language. English grammar is considered an important guide for learning English effectively. English grammar also plays an important role in developing your language. Knowledge and social skills in context.
Widodo also states that grammar is considered the basis of various language skills. Listening, speaking, reading, writing. Here, for example, grammar able to play an important role in Understanding and expressing language through listening and speaking skills.5
In the current era, education in Indonesia uses the 2013 curriculum more, where in the 2013 curriculum students are emphasized to be more active in the classroom than teachers in terms of teachers only correcting errors from student answers and then the teacher's task is only to provide an overview of a subject matter then the students are who played a big role in finding answers to the material and was able to explain it to his friends in public.
But sometimes there are lots of children in the current era who are less active in the classroom so that when explained in front by the teacher they just sit, be quiet and sometimes a lot of children are sleepy and fall asleep so that some of the children are active and often advance. You can see the effect is much more, starting from the aspect of speaking more fluently and mastering the way of speaking in public is different and you won't feel awkward even though you explain it in front of the class and also avoid feeling sleepy.so that's the reason I raised this problem. One of the efforts to increase student activity This is done by implementing an active learning strategy Everyone is a teacher Where in this active learning Student activity dominates the lesson And the learning process is no longer based on what the teacher gives, but for what the students give be more active in the learning process. Each is a type of active learning strategy Sense.
4 Siska Oktawidya Wati, Irna Wahyuni, The Correlation Between Grammar Mastery and Writing Thesis Proposal at STKIP YDB Lubuk Alungat JURNAL ARBITRER - . VOL. 5 NO. 2 (2018).
5 Agis Andriani,Vani Dwi Yuniar, Fuad Abdullah) Teaching English Grammar in an Indonesian Junior High School. l-Ishlah: Jurnal Pendidikan.
3
This is one of the strategies this is where the right learning begins.
Learning to improve Student learning activities in both holistic and individual classes, besides that it can also increase students' learning output.
This strategy provides an opportunity for each student to play the role of a teacher for his classmates.6
Active learning is learning Focus on the activities and participation of student participants.7 Become a learner become more active because it is a source of learning in the classroom. Students learn the material more actively Lessons to prepare students you can give opinions and ask questions So that the information received will last longer researcher remember and retain it.8
From the researcher’s point of view, the application of everyone is teacher here on grammatical model is very important and through a strategy like this students will have more broad insight, be able to process their own words, and be able to express oppinions so that is able to encourage students to more responsible for themselves who are learning and then automatically able to encourage students to achieve success in learning especially in the twelfth grade at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah , which really needs a learning autonomy system and based on the explanation above the researcher is very interested in conducting research on how students autonomy is applied in learning grammar in the twelfth grade of Man 3 Lombok Tengah ,and then this is one of the main reasons for researcher choosing the titleExploring Teachers and students perceptions on “everyone is a teacher here” (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar at the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
6 Suprijono, A. Cooperatif learning. Jakarta: Bina Aksara.(2013)
7 Silberman, M. Active Learning: 101 Cara Belajar Siswa Aktif. Bandung:
Nusamedia(2010)
8 Oriza Candra,Doni Tri Putra Yanto, the active learning strategy “everyone is a teacher here” to improve student learning outcomes Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran)padang.
4 B. Statement of problem
Based on the results of the previous study review and, the background above there are research question that were be answered in this study including: How are the perceptions of teachers’ and students’ can be formulated as follow toward the implementation of Everyone is a Teacher Here in teaching grammar of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah?
C. Objectives and Significant of the research 1. Objectives
Related to the focus of the research above, the researcher have the following objectives :
a. To find out the perpections of changing students with the ETH learning strategy in teaching grammar of the twelfth grade students of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
2. Significance
The importance of the research is expected to be useful for teacher and student researcher.
a. Theoretically
This researcher is able to contribute in term of implementing student theory independence in learning grammar
b. Practical
1) For the twelfth grade students of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah, this research can be applied to improve their skills which in turn will improve their speaking, writing and listening skills in learning grammar and they are also able to become independent students, besides that is can also provide fast learning effect in the technique of transforming knowledge to others in learning grammar.
2) For the teachers of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah I hope this research can be used in increasing students independence and speaking skills, and then being able to give more motivation and have more interest in learning grammar.
3) For other researchers the results of this study may be useful as a reference model for conducting further research methods related the everyone is teacher here.
5 D. Scope and Setting research
1. Scope
To avoid readers, researcher have limiting his research in teaching grammar conducted by twelfth grade students of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. In this study, the researcher focused on the effect of students in the ETH strategy in teaching grammar. And also the researcher has chosen the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah as the center of the object.
2. Setting
The research will be carried out at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah, especially in teaching grammar of the twelfth grade, in 2022/2023 school years. MAN 3 Lombok Tengah is the only MAN that teaches and has excellent skills.
The grammar teaching program carried out at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah has certain techniques so that in addition to students studying at school, students also seek knowledge of grammar through courses that have been programmed through schools where each class holds courses one day a week so that the addition of their grammar mastery increases and they have their own strategies to master grammar and imply it into daily activities such as, in carrying out conversations, answering questions from teacher, and explaining friends front of the class according to the directions of the teacher so that it is very effective once to them.
E. REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND HYPOTESIS 1. Review of provious research
The following are some studies that have been done before, research on everyone is teacher here which was used as a reference point.
The first research conducted by Oktalia R., Wijayanti A, Ernawati T. entitled everyone is teacher achievement based on critical thinking skills. SMP Negeri 12 Yogjakarta in the 2017/2018 academic year. This study uses a quasi-experimental research method. In the study, the researcher uses a factorial research design then the researcher uses a sample and random sampling technique,
6
namely from 5 classes, 2 classes are taken and randomly selected, class VIIIC as the experimental class and class VIII D as a control class data collection was done by using test, questionnaire, observation and documentation techniques.
Tes techniques collect data on science learning outcomes, questionnaire techniques, observations were used to determine students’ criticals thinking skills, while the documentation tehniques was to obtain a list of students’ names. Based on the summary, the hypothesis is accepted and it is concluded that there is a significant difference in science learning outcomes between the Everyone is a Teacher Here (ETH) learning method and the discussion method for class VIII students of SMP Negeri 12 Yogjakarta.
The difference in learning outcomes for the science class is caused by the Everyone is Teacher Here(ETH) learning method which encourages students participations in the learning process using this method makes learning more interesting and meaning full so that it will be more fun and the motivated during learning.
This will make not sleepy or daydreaming while learning .This method is also able to familiarize students to actively ask questions, then formulate questions, recognize material that has not been understood through the cards distributed and the time of previous research, researcher conducted at SMP Negeri 12 Yogjakarta and in addition this research will be conducted at the junior high school level. MAN 3 Lombok Tengah different from the research design.
Provious research used a quasi- experimental design to carry out the study, meanwhile the current researcher used a quali-experimental.9
The second research conducted by Arizcandra, Donitriputra with the title the active learning strategy everyone is teacher here to improve students learning outcomes which was carried out at Sma
9 Riska oktalia,Astute wijayanti,Tias ernawati,Everyone is teacher here effect on science learning Achievement Based On Critical Thinking Skill,jurnal ilmiah pendidikan MIPA..no.3,’vol.8,(Yogjakarta,Desember 2018)
7
Negeri 1 Padang .this type of research was aquasi-experimental research with the subject used was an achievement test.
Students learning by using multiple choice questions that have been tested for validity and realibility. The research design is a one group pretest-posttest design. This research is applied to a group of research subjects only with the aims of knowing the effect or impact of giving treatment which in this study carried out an initial pretest to get initial results before being given treatment for a certain period of time the data was taken through a pretest the initial data was given treatment.This study used one class, namely TDTL class as the research subject and for the research class, teaching treatment was given by applying the everyone is teacher here type of active learning strategy and based on the results of data analysis on students learning outcomes and discussion of improving students learning outcomes and with the everyone is teacher here type of active learning strategy in the subject of analyzing electrical circuits at SMK Negeri 1 Padang has a pretest average of 57 while the posttest average 74,5 and the gainscore test results show that learning outcomes have increased by an average of 0,337 in medium category
F. Theoretical bases
1. Effect Everyone is Teacher Here
a. The definition of everyone is teacher here
Etymological strategy comes the word ”Stratos”
which means troops and agents which mean to lead ,then it can be interpreted as leading troops, while the Indonesian dictionary states that strategy is a careful plan to achieve activities to achieve goals. The meaning of general patterns of activities and students in realizing the desired teaching and learning activities. 10Literally a tactic active learning type Everyone is a Teacher Here interpreted as an active learning method that every student are teachers for their friends. Strategy Active learning type Everyone is a Teacher
10.W.J.S.Poerwadarminta,Kamus umum bahasa Indonesia….965
8
Here (ETH) is the perfect way to receive holistic class participation too individual.11
Students just sit in silence and listen to lectures from the teacher in the teaching and learning process, but students can teach each other with other students. This strategy is an easy strategy for teachers to get class participation, and to liven up the class, a good teacher must have certain strategies.12
This method provides full opportunity for each student to act as a teacher for his friends with this method, students who have been unwilling involved will participate in and learn actively. This method can be applied according to the material being taught, the goal is to eliminate boredom and sleepiness students in learning. Everyone Is Teacher Here's learning method is wrong one method in the cooperative learning model (Cooperative Learning).
Everyone Is Teacher Here learning strategy is a teaching strategy used by the teacher with the aim of asking students to all play a role be a resource person for all friends in the class study13
b. The techniques for applying the “everyone is teacher here strategy in teaching grammar. These are:
1) Give a small piece of paper that already contains the absent number from each student to all students.14
2) All students are asked to write one question about the subject Certain topics are being taught or discussed in class according to the understanding of each student.
3) The dissertation is collected at random and distributed to each student (does not accept questions that students ask themselves).
11 Suprijono, A. Cooperatif learning. Jakarta: Bina Aksara(2013).
12Zakiyah drajat,ilmu pendidikan islam,(Jakarta;bumi aksara,2006).
13.http://thesun-nani.blogspot.com/2012/10/metode-pembelajaran-everyone- isteacher.html, (Diakses tanggal 22 Februari 2014).
14.Agus Suprijono, Cooperative Learning, (Cet. X; Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2013).
9
4) Each student is asked to read the question they received in their hearts and think about it then answer.
5) Ask students to read one by one as a volunteer
c. To answer using the strategy everyone is teacher here then we will expect The expectations are as follows:
1) Every student has the courage to express his opinion (state) (Correct) through the answers to the questions he asked based on Reading resources are provided.
2) You can express your opinion by writing and expressing it class.
3) Other students who dare to express opinions and make mistakes Answers from other students were refuted. You are trained in the conclusions of the problem and the findings of the problem you are investigating.15
The following are strategies that must be used in teaching and learning activities: Diversity, among various learning strategies the advantages and disadvantages cover each other .
d. The advantages and disadvantages of the everyone is teacher here strategy in teaching grammar.
The advantages of the everyone is teacher here strategy are:
1) Sort of. Questions can attract and focus students' attention, though
The classmates are noisy and the sleepy people are refreshed.
2) Inspire the cultivation and development of students' thinking skills, including memory.
3) Growing students' courage and skills in answering and express opinions.16
e. The downsides of the Everyone Is a Teacher Here strategy are:
1) It will take time.
15Nana Sudjana, Penelitian Hasil Proses Belajar Mengajar, (cet XI; Bandung:
Remaja Rosdakarya, 2006), h.2
16 Syaiful Bahri Djamarah dan Aswan Zain, Strategi Belajar Mengajar, (Jakarta ; Rineka Cipta, 1997), 107
10
2) Students fear that teachers cannot recommend the following to students: By creating a relaxed atmosphere.
3) Asking questions that match your thoughts is easy to reach.
In the explanation above you can see the strengths and weaknesses of the strategy.
The teacher must be wise because everyone is a teacher here are strategies for determining when everyone is a teacher: Used in educational and learning activities and requires attention the basics of choosing learning strategies and choosing learning strategies.
Learning by Hamalik is being modified or Strengthening behavior through experience (learning is Behavior modification or improvement by experience).According to this understanding, learning is a process and an activity. It's not a result or a goal. Therefore, learn It's not just about remembering and memorizing. It's been experienced.
Hamalik also learned. The process of changing the behavior of an individual or person through interaction with the environment. These behavior changes include.
f. Types of learning activities
Schools are centers of learning activities. school is a place of activity. Lots types of activities that students can do at school.
Activity It is not enough for students to listen and take notes Found in traditional schools. (Paul B. Diedrich made one Contains a list of various student activities), including: The classification is as follows:
1) Visual activities, including, for example, reading,
2) Pay attention to pictures, demonstrations, experiments, and other people's work.
3) Oral activities, such as presenting, formulating, asking, giving.
4) Giving advice, expressing opinions, conducting interviews, discussing, interrupts and so on.
11
5) Listening activities, such as listening to descriptions, dialogues, discussion, music, speech, etc.
6) Writing activities, such as writing stories, essays, reports, tests, questionnaires, Copy and so on .Painting activities, such as.
g. Factors that affect learning activities
Internal factors. It is a factor that comes from within the student. For These factors include the following:
1) Physical (physiological)
Aspect those who study need a healthy physique.
Physical a healthy diet affects all body tissues, so learning activity is not low. Physical / physical pain As a result, rapid weakness, lack of enthusiasm, and dizziness are more likely.
2) Therefore, for one to learn well, you need to work on your own health.
3) Aspects of Psychology (Psychology) Attention is the soul, the activity of the spirit of the soul directed to (object/object) or a group of objects. Observation is a way to know the real world. Environment with self and all five senses. Response is a memory image of the observation here. The observed object is no longer in space, Observation time. So if the observation process. Memory is the power of the soul to receive, store and save Give impression. Has the ability to remembering this means humans can store and regenerate what I experienced. Talent is one of the human abilities It is an activity and has existed since human existence:
a) Thinking is a spiritual activity to enable you Formulate and integrate understanding and draw conclusions.
b) Motivation is the personality state of the driver Individuals who carry out certain activities to achievtarget. (Ngalim Purwanto, p).
External factors are factors that come from outside the students themselves this affects learning activities such as:
12
1) Family factors, including how parents educate and relationship Family, home atmosphere, financial situation Understanding and cultural background of family and parents.
2) Elements of the school: teaching methods, curriculum, teacher relations, student Relations, Student Relations, School Discipline, Tools Lessons, class hours, standard lessons over size, Building conditions, learning strategy, homework.
3) Community Factors: Student Activities in the Community, Media, peers, forms of community life.
c. Effect Everyone is Teacher Here
Students are the raw input in the education and learning process in schools (Raw input) has certain characteristics, both physiological and psychological. Regarding physiology, physical condition, five senses, his interests, his intelligence, of psychology, Talent, motivation, cognition, etc.
All of them can affect the process and learning outcomes .Likewise in the process of teaching and learning grammar subjects ETH learning strategies offer opportunities, Require students to be actively involved in achieving their learning goals Provide support gradually so students can ask questions.
The intelligence and characteristics of students in the class are different, because Therefore, with the implementation of the "everyone is a teacher" strategy, it is hoped that Provide appropriate solutions to achieve learning objectives. ETH Strategy is a demanding study Students' independence, initiative and creativity in the teaching process to achieve good academic achievement, this strategy places students in as the center of learning activities,teacher only functions as a facilitator and controller in the learning process.
This strategy gives students many opportunities to experience and ability development, if any the students understand the course a bit late, so it's the teacher's job plays a centralized guiding role for these students. This is because if students instill concepts in participating students, there will be even more Participate directly in the teaching process. Three domains are included to improve student performance:
13
That is, students who need cognitive, emotional, and psychomotor are really active in all learning pro cesses. Students are said to be active if they have the following indicators are exceeded:
1) High interest in each lesson.
2) You can react quickly to the stimulus from the teacher.
3) Proactively ask questions and provide answers.
4) Can relate the subject to real life.
5) It is important to address the problem at hand.
Usage Everyone here is a teacher and strategy is expected:
1) Stimulate students' creativity in the form of ideas and ideas ask a question, answer a question, and answer an answer Friends to add insight.
2) Gain respect for questions and answers from others Tolerance when students, students' answers differ from each other, and Responsible.
h. Definition of teaching
Teaching very closely related to education and train and training.
Education and term training each has a focus pesonality formation, although the training emphasizes the formation of skills. Education is carried out in a school environment, but the use of training is usually carried out in an industrial environment. Participant need students this is because we have skill,production as well as participants to produce something that meets their needs other17.
Abdul Latif said that teaching is thinking about the application of these general priciples of teaching in the implementation of teaching tasks in particular situation of teaching interaction ( teacher-students interaction),which takes place both inside and outside the classroom.18 A teaching method is an organized system or way of working promote learning and implementation of education to achieve educational goals this has been set.19
18 Abdul latief,perencanaan system pengajaran pendidikan pendidikan islam(C.l:bandung:PT Pustaka.Bani Quraisy,2006)
19 Samsu Ardi,peranan metode mengajar terhadap penguasaan bahasa inggris siswa.
14 1) Definition of grammar
Grammar is defined as a set rules that we must follow if we want to speak or write property the eucharist that needs to be accepted socially then speak constenly and the correctly similarly.
Image should be placed in locations and locations that are easily understood by the including knowledge that is transformed from descriptive to normative.20
There are several grammars expert definition. First time that is from Daykes he opinion that’s grammar is a language to learn language. Connection release of this sentence, Daykes people use the relevan language through grammar research, including at the level of vocabulary, sentence patterns, phrases, terms, and meaning and contained therein inside.
According to Barbara Dykes in a simple way he will in herit for grammar. And grammar is language itself “or grammar” who talk about language language to learn language. According to Jeffry Coghill, grammar is a set rules that govern it contruction. Grammar determines how many words its arranged to form a fine unit in the words, and grammar is 1 a set of language ruler has been seet the structure of speech itself. Grammar used to determine preparation21 2) The purpose of teaching grammar
Teaching English, especially grammar as a foreign language, considered to require extra effort, especially for English teachers themselves applying appropriate tehniques used in the teaching and learning process .not some English teachers find it difficult in class because of the teaching method what is used is not in accordance with the atmosphere of the class being taught when that happens both, the process of education and learning experience obstancles in achieving goals during teaching and learning. Based on the learning process less eager to learn. Only a few can understand what something is teacher explains. Even if the students completes the
20.Bambang tri wardoyo,system tanda sebagai citra,jurnal desain,vol 6 no 1,desember2018.
21.Noviani anggraini,puput arianto,habibi nur hidayanto,pengembangan online application berbasis android dalampembelajaran grammar,widia wacana:jurnal ilmiah.agustus 2020
15
assigned task, it is of need and fear. They also do not deserve to be accepted. Another obstancles it can be seen that students are given time after the teacher explains the material listen, ask questions.
Often it turns out that there are no students who ask .and this matter shows that students do not understand what the teacher explains.so the teacher worried, even if read the paragraph ,the students still there many mistakes in pronunciation. Since it is difficult in this argument make some students less interested in reading22.
So that with the application of grammar teaching it will be able to make it easier for students to be more active in class because students will experience an increase in terms of their grammar both speaking, reading, listening and writing, because teaching grammar is able to make students use good and correct English so as to facilitate communication understand quickly.
G. Research Method
1. Approach and Type of Research
The type of approach and research used by researchers in current research is a type of qualitative approach. Qualitative research methods are often called naturalistic research methods because the key instrument, inductive or qualitative data collection techniques and qualitative research results.Emphasize meaning rather than generalization.23.
2. Presence Of Researcher
In qualitative research, a researcher in the research place.Plays a very important and needed optimally. Researcher are the main key instrument for revealing meaning and at the same time as a data collection tool. in the a study, and researcher as observers, subjects or information who know it The presence of researcher in a qualitative research entitled that exploring teachers and students Perceptions on everyone is a teacher here( ETH) strategy in teaching grammar at the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok which is in Sengkol village.
22Samsu Armadi,peranan metode mengajar terhadappenguasaan bahasa inggris siswa,jurnal pendidikan dan pembelajaran ,vo.1.no.1.april 2016.
23Prof.Dr.Sugiono ,Metode penelitian kuantitatif,kualitatif dan Rnd,(
Bandung:ALFABETA,2015)
16 3. Setting of Research
This research will be conducted at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah which is located in Sengkol Village, Pujut District.
The researcher conduct research with the object of the twelfth grade students of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. In learning English related to teaching grammar for the 2022/2023 academic year because based on some of the previous researcher the reason I took of the twelfth grade was because after passing tenth and eleventh grade they were more active speak in public and understand furthermore, the reason I took the object of research in grade twelfth grade was because in tenth grade and eleventh grade they had learned how to speak correctly and easily understood by others, they had gotten more and more new words to explain their friends in class when other friends needed it.
Explanation with everyone is teacher here method, and the reason researcher take everyone's method is the teacher here is that mostly in the current era of monotonous learning is able to make students feel bored with learning techniques that teachers are more active than students so that students when listening to lessons there are bored, sleepy, and daydreaming so that in Finally, students are not concentrated and are not active in the learning that is carried out then by practicing the everyone is teacher here strategy in teaching in the classroom, students were be more active in listening and explaining grammar material in class so that changes that will occur will develop more quickly, they will be trained to become a teacher with public speaking skills so that when they meet with public conditions or people they will not be awkward in speaking.
4. Source of data
The data source is the most important thing in a study, if there is an error in the use of the data source, the data we are get will not be in accordance with what the researcher expects24.
24Bungin burhan.Social Research Metedology.(surabaya Airlangga,University Press 2001).
17
The researcher took the data sources in this study were students and twelfth grade students in the grammar material at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
In this study, researcher use the first two research techniques are interview research to get more information to some students and teachers and the second the researcher used a documentation.
Students where aims to find out the extent to which students understand then the researcher will take a sample in the twelfth grade at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. The sample is part of the whole and is a feature of the population25
There are several types of sampling methods that can be used in research. The sampling method used in this research is systematic sampling, with the number of students being sampled is 15 people because students at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
5. Procedure of data collection
In this study, researcher used interview techniques documentation and interview techniques.
The interview technique according to Arikunto is Meetings of two or more people to exchange information and ideas Communication questions and answers Building meaning on a specific topic.26 While the teacher to students before and after learning with the aim of knowing the extent of understanding of the material being taught.
6. Tehnic of Data Analysis
Muhadjir said that data analysis is a process of systematically searching data and editing notes and findings from observations, interviews, and other collections. This technique is a way to understand and study the research topic used by the researcher. Then the data will be analyzed with qualitative descriptive data analysis.
Then the researcher will collect using this technology and then compile and present the data. Qualitative method is a survey method without calculation and analysis27.
25Prof.Dr.Sugiono ,Metode penelitian kuantitatif,kualitatif dan Rnd,(
Bandung:ALFABETA,2015
26 Ibid
27 Al fadhila dakwatul istiqomah”Students Learning Autonomy, ..”p.42
18
Based on type of data analysis about that exploring teachers and students Perceptions on everyone is a teacher here (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar at the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. There are several steps that must be taken:
a. Data condensation
Data compression based on Miles and Huberman Selection, simplification, and Convert data into field notes. In this step Researcher are able to data without changing the importance of data. Then the researcher will reduce Useless data without feedback from Predefined survey questions. Researcher will focus on the effect of everyone is a teacher here (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar. 28
b. The data display, according to Miles and Huberman is a set of information that is classified or shared and organized based on data condensation. This leads to a conclusion. Data display Confidential and organized information in data collection and then you can withdraw a conclusion.29
Furthermore, researcher will get all data from observations obtained from post-test and pre-test as well as through interview process. This is the method used by researchers to collect research data.Then Researcher will be able to receive data on the effect of everyone is teacher here strategy on the English grammar material .
c. Drawing Conclusion Or Verification
The last data analysis method is plotting Finished. In terms of results .This is the result of A study that describes Exploring teachers and students perceptions on everyone is a teacher here (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar at the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. And To perform validation based on the analyzed data:
Researcher need to check the data with someone else first to study it. Researchers will see data which is the result of previous research related to this research.
28 Ibid
29 Ibid
19 d. Trustworthines
Validity data is Research conducted truthfully and is a scientific research and trial Data has been received.
Triangulation is a method of leverage Data from use or other people.30 On the other hand, Quality or trust criteria in qualitative research are:
Reliability, transferability, security, verifiability. Reliability means not believing in the truth of knowledge to learn.
Portability, on the other hand, means workability. Research result. In other words, meaning means degree Consistency of survey results. What is confirmability? Neutrality of survey results. 31 There are also several types.
Source triangulation, triangulation including time triangulation, Theory Triangulation and Instrument Triangulation32
Triangulation method or method consists of post-test and pre-test, as well as interviews. The informants of this research are of the twelfth grade students of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.By interview and documentation, the researcher obtained data on the impact of the ETH (Everyone is Teacher here) strategy on the English grammar material. The last one is interview.
Interview guides researcher Personal information about the effects of the method.
H. Discussion organization
Chapter 1, this chapter is an introduction. This chapter will be a researcher Research background, problems,objectives. The importance of the research, the scope and environment of the
30 Lexy J. Moleong. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. (Bandung: PT Remaja Rosda karya,
2013).
31 Syarifudin. Communication Strategies in Talking Turns Speaking of English as a
Foreign Language Use. Mataram: CV Sanabil. 2020.
32 Bachtiar S, Bahri, “Meyakinkan Validitas Data melalui Tringaluasi pada Penelitian
Kualitatif”, Jurnal Teknologi Pendidikan, Vol.10, Number 1, April 2010.
20
research, the outline of previous research. Research, theoretical foundations, research methods, and finally taxonomy Discussion.
Chapter II In this chapter, the researcher explains the data View and investigate the results.
Chapter III. In this chapter, the researcher analyzes a result process based on theoretical basis.
Chapter IV In this chapter, the researcher draws conclusions Supervision and advice.
I. Schedule of Research
Schedule of research can be described in the table below.
No Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 Proposal Preparation
2 Proposal Seminar
3 Observation
4 Selection step and analysis
5 Draft Of Report
6 Report Discussion
7 Report Completion
8
21 CHAPTER II
DATA DISPLAY AND FINDINGS A. Data display of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah
This Chapter presents a display of data and findings that try to answer the research questions of the thesis. The research findings show that exploring teachers' and students' perceptions of everyone as a teacher here (ETH) can improve public speaking skills when explaining the material, increase vocabulary, increase student confidence, and improve students' fluency in explaining the material. And with the implementation of everyone is a teacher here strategy in teaching grammar to the twelfth-grade students MAN 3 Lombok Tengah students are more enthusiastic about advancing in public and front of the class. With this, it shows students more to become teachers and better able to help other students to understand the various materials in teaching grammar taught by the teacher.
The researcher conducted more in-depth research, and the results obtained were a high increase in the progress of the twelfth-grade students of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
The research shows that exploring teachers' and students' perceptions of everyone is a teacher here (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar in the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.His effective public speaking skills, student confidence, fluency of students more enthusiastic to advance in public and in front of the class. It shows that the coned students become teachers and better able to help other students to understand the various materials in teaching grammar.
1. Teacher Perpections
After conducting interviews with several teachers at MAN 3 Central Lombok, one of them was Mr. Miftahudin, S.Pd, according to him, with the application of ETH during the twelfth grade grammar teaching at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. The interview results obtained were.the followings excepts illustrated the above findings Interview from the English teacher MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. Mr. Miftahudin, S.Pd:
22
"After I applied everyone is a teacher here in learning grammar I felt more relaxed in teaching and students were trained to be more active in class”
the statement above makes the researcher get points has got results .33 Then the second interview with one of the English teachers of MAN 3 Central Lombok, namely Maya Isroni S.Pd and said that the application of ETH had a lot of effects for the students themselves, where the results of the interviews that could be taken were
”Before I applied Everyone Is a Teacher Here in teaching grammar, the classroom atmosphere was quieter and less active, but after the implementation of Everyone Is a Teacher here, now students are seen to have changed in terms of activeness in learning.34
then the results of the third interview, namely from Mr. Odang Permana who gave assumptions and opinions as well as comparisons between before the application of ETH and after the application of ETH with his opinion that was able to be taken from the results of the interview.
ETH strategy has a positive impact because it is closely related to the current implementation of K13, where the curriculum emphasizes students being more active than teachers and is very suitable when it is applied.35
After conducting interviews with teachers, it can be concluded that the implementation of the ETH strategy brings a positive impact which can also be seen through the results of researcher observations.
2. Students perceptions
After the researcher conducted observations and interviews with English teachers in MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
33. Interview with Miftahudin S.Pd,on 13 May.
34 .Interview with Maya isroni S.Pd,on 15 may
35 Interview with Mr. Odang Permana, 12 May.
23 Student 1
The researcher also conducted research by interviewing 15 students in the twelfth grade one of which was Eka Class XII IPA. The researcher asked about the ups and downs regarding the use of everyone is a teacher here strategy in teaching grammar, and the answer was that
.” I felt that the implementation of the strategy (ETH) really helped me to be able to improve my vocabulary and how to speak in front of the class”.36
Students 2 and 3
So the process (ETH) is more liked by students because it also really makes the teacher feel less burdened. Then the researcher also interviewed several other students in class XII Agama the answers of Yusuf and Suci:
This application makes us burdened but also contains us there is an increase in practicing self-confidence so we don't feel nervous in front of the class because if we rarely trying to explain the material will make us nervous. 37
Students 4 and 5
Then still in the interview stage, the researcher interviewed Siti Alawiyah and wiwik from the agama class related to the difference in strategy (ETH) with ordinary teaching, Siti and wiwik answered by:
Applying the eth strategy to make students more enthusiastic about learning to ask and answer but it was different from the application of ordinary learning because it had a noisy effect and was still not very active.38
36 Interview with Eka class XII IPA, May 12
37Interview with Yusuf and Suci on 16 may
38Results of an interview with Siti Alawiyah, wiwik, on 15 May at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
24 Students 6, 7 and 8
And then the researcher also interviewed class XII Bahasa regarding the problems they faced related to the learning process using eth and they said that:
They felt burdened by forcing them to memorize material to explain in front of the class which made us even more dizzy. 39
Students 9 and 10
From the results of interviews with several twelfth grade students at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah. Some students think that the application of ETH really supports their teaching and learning process, especially in improving vocabulary mastery because they think this application can improve students' thinking when they go forward in public there are several students.
Iterviews one of them is Zainatul,and Andra, they strengthen their opinion with the results of interviews with researcher.
“I felt that the implementation of the strategy (ETH) really helped me to be able to improve my vocabulary and how to speak in front of the class”40
Students 11
Some other students also have different arguments from Serina said that by using the ETH strategy students can increase their self-confidence.
Strengthened again by the results of interviews with researcher.
“ In my opinion, many of them eliminate sleepiness when learning to practice vocabulary and increase self-confidence.41”
39 Results of interviews with (Ferdy,Lita and Desi) on 15 May at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
40 Interviews with (Zainatul,Andra,).
41 Interview with Serina
25 3. Obstacles/Problem
Obstacles in exploring teachers and students perceptions on everyone is a teacher here (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar at the twelfth grade of MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
In implementing the everyone is teacher here strategy, of course, it will not be separated from all the obstacles and problems that occur, especially on the part of the teacher, students in teaching grammar and also teachers will fight hard to be able to improve the abilities of their students so that the teaching and learning process can run smoothly and planned.
Based on the results of observations, the obstacles faced include:
1. Students who dare to come forward will have a sense of activity and high self-confidence, but other students do not necessarily understand what their friends have explained in front of the class. They are embarrassed to ask questions, so other students are less active. And based on the observations made by researcher in MAN 3 Lombok Tengah, the researcher saw that there were still other students playing games and were not serious about the learning process. The observations above were strengthened by interviews with one of the students in Lombok Tengah. Majoring in XII IPA for twelfth grade.
Student 12 Khairun Nizam:
He emphasized that by using the everyone is a teacher here strategy, we got a lot of influence, especially when we were explaining a lot of friends playing in the back, not paying attention to friends who explained in front then the material we got not too little42.
Students 13, 14 and 15
Then from the XII IPA, it was emphasized again by interviews with students, namely Natul, Dea, and Nova:
42 Results of an interview with Khairun Nizam, on the 16th at MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
26
According to them, the positive effect of implementing this strategy was to make smart-minded students able to speak in public so that they would remain brave and not stutter. Public speaking brick.43
2. Students still have not applied the strategy everyone is a teacher here .Based on the results of observations made in MAN 3 Lombok Tengah.
The researcher got the results that when the learning process in the classroom there were some people who dared to come forward and explain the results of the material they were looking for and others were very reluctant to explain the results of the material so that most of the students who got the smart predicate in the class were only a few people.
B. Research findings
After all the results are presented, what must be done is to convey all things related to the subject of discussion, namely the influence of everyone is a teacher here strategy in teaching grammar and to be able to facilitate the results of analysis and research results, the researcher will describe the results of the research findings as follows.
1. Improved speaking skill
As the researcher has done that the acquisition of student data starts from the results of direct interviews with students and teachers in Central Lombok, then the results of the interviews are recapitulated by the researcher. The implementation of everyone is a teacher here strategy in learning grammar is very influential in increasing students activity in learning—the class in explaining the results of the assignments given to the teacher.
The implementation of everyone is a teacher here, the strategy emphasizes students' activeness in both answering in class and explaining and asking questions. Reinforced with feedback, one of which was Eka Class XII IPA. The researcher asked about the ups and downs regarding the use of everyone is
43 . Results of interviews with class XII IPA, (Natul, Dea, and Nova), on 17 May at Man 3 Lombok Tengah.
27
a teacher here strategy in teaching grammar, and the answer was that.
” I felt that the implementation of the strategy (eth) really helped me to be able to improve my vocabulary and how to speak in front of the class”.
Then from the XII IPA, it was emphasized again by interviews with students, namely Natul,Dea, and Nova:
According to them the positive effect of implementing this strategy was to make smart-minded students able to speak in public so that when outside school they would remain brave and not stuttering. Public speaking brick.
Results of interviews with one of the students in Lombok Tengah. Majoring in XII IPA for twelfth grade, then Khairun Nizam:
He emphasized that by using the everyone is a teacher here strategy, we got a lot of influence, especially when we were explaining a lot of friends playing in the back, not paying attention to friends who explained in front then the material we got not too little.
This was emphasized again by the results of an interview with Ibu Maya Isroni S.Pd:,
which in my opinion”before I applied Everyone Is a Teacher Here in teaching grammar, the classroom atmosphere was quieter and less active, but after the implementation of Everyone Is a Teacher here, now students are seen to have changed in terms of activeness in learning. talk to ask and answer.”
2. Increased self-confidence
The results of interviews with teachers said that the (ETH) strategy in teaching grammar in the twelfth grade encouraged students to train self-confidence to explain the material in front of the class. Then there is a clearer difference when the researcher pays attention to the class that does not apply the everyone is a teacher here strategy and conventional learning;
28
students in the class look lazy, tired, noisy, uncontrolled, and inactive, even other students do not listen to each other.
That explains then the researcher also interviewed several other students in class XII Agama, namely and the sacred reason why they prefer to study with the eth strategy and the answers of Yusuf and Suci:
This application makes us burdened but also contains us there is an increase in practicing self-confidence so we don't feel nervous in front of the class because if we rarely trying to explain the material will make us nervous.
3. Increased vocabulary mastery
After the researcher conducted interviews and observations with the twelfth graders in Central Lombok, the implementation of everyone is a teacher here in the classroom made the students feel that their vocabulary was able to increase. The results are strengthened by the results of interviews with students of class XII IPA:
"I think the application of everyone is a teacher here in class is able to make me increase my vocabulary after advancing in front of the class.
One of which was Eka Class XII IPA. The researcher asked about the ups and downs regarding the use of everyone is a teacher here strategy in teaching grammar and the answer was that :
” I felt that the implementation of the strategy (ETH) really helped me to be able to improve my vocabulary and how to speak in front of the class”.
4. Increased students' interests in learning
This attitude can be seen from the activeness of students who ask or question everything they don't know, so the teacher in this case, is more enthusiastic about explaining. And before students carry out the teaching and learning process the teacher first asks students for teaching and learning readiness so that students do not feel burdened and do not feel lazy when doing the learning.
And the teaching and learning process, everyone is a teacher
29
here, is combined with the question. Therefore, the answer process and the students' activeness and willingness to answer are valued more.
Interview from the English teacher MAN 3 Lombok Tengah, Mr. Miftahudin, S.Pd:
After I applied everyone is a teacher here in learning grammar
I felt more relaxed in teaching and students were trained to be more active in class” the statement above makes the researcher get points has got results.
Then the results of the interview from the English teacher Odang Permana S.Pd, said that:
Everyone is a teacher here strategy has a positive impact because it is closely related to the current implementation of K13, where the curriculum emphasizes students being more active than teachers and is very suitable when it is applied.
