Profile of Injection Drug Users (IDUs)
in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Indonesia has the fastest growing HIV-epidemic in Asia. Except for
Papua, the main route of transmission is injecting drug use (IDU). Much is done to overcome this problem but there are still a lot of limitations. For example, only less than 10% of IDUs access needle exchange and methadone program in Bandung. Many IDUs only come to health care center after they get AIDS. To develop a better prevention program, the information about the problems, context, and behavior responsible for HIV transmission are needed.
We conducted a survey among 210 IDUs in Bandung between June and September 2008, using respondent-driven sampling, focusing on drug use, risk behavior and knowledge about HIV. These are the first
descriptive results.
Median age 28 years ( 17 – 42)
% male 92 %
Marital Status
• Ever married
• Never married
43 % 57 %
Education
• Senior High School
• Higher Education
78 % 16 %
Employment
• Full time
• Part time (regular)
• Part time (irregular)
• Unemployed
41 % 10 % 27 % 16 %
Demographic Characteristics of IDUs (n=210)
Shelly Iskandar
1Yorisa Sativa
2Cor de Jong
3Teddy Hidayat
1Diba Basar
11.Padjadjaran University/Hasan Sadikin Teaching Hospital Bandung Indonesia 2. Puskesmas Salam Bandung 3.Radboud UMC Nijmegen, Netherlands
All of the substances above, except alcohol, inhalant & marijuana are ever injected. The most
problematic substance in IDUs perception is heroin. The median of months they can stop using drug after treatment or by their own will is 2 months
31
2 11 7
1 10
5 5
7 6
5 17
10
3 4
3
3 1
16
1 3
4
3 11
1
PKM Salam (interview place)
16
2
7 4
2
Notes :
1.Kecamatan Sukasari 2.Kecamatan Sukajadi 3.Kecamatan Cicendo 4.Kecamatan Andir 5.Kecamatan Cidadap 6.Kecamatan Coblong
7.Kecamatan Bandung Wetan 8.Kecamatan Sumur Bandung 9.Kecamatan Cibeunying Kaler 10.Kecamatan Cibeunying Kidul 11.Kecamatan Kiara Condong 12.Kecamatan Batununggal 13.Kecamatan Lengkong 14.Kecamatan Regol
15.Kecamatan Astana Anyar 16.Kecamatan Bojongloa Kaler 17.Kecamatan Bojongloa Kidul
18.Kecamatan BACIP (Bababakan Ciparay) 19.Kecamatan Bandung Kulon
20.Kecamatan Cicadas 21.Kecamatan Arcamanik 22.Kecamatan Ujungberung 23.Kecamatan Cibiru
24.Kecamatan Rancasari 25.Kecamatan Margacinta 26.Kecamatan Bandung Kidul
Blood Borne Virus Transmission Risk in The Last 1 Month
Sharing tourniquet 24 %
Sharing water 23 %
Handled another person’s used needle when had cuts, sores or lesion 20 %
Sharing mixing container 16 %
Unprotected vaginal sex 41 %
Unprotected vaginal sex during menstruation 16 %
Unprotected anal sex 7 %
Sharing razor 24 %
Sharing personal hygiene equipment 35 %
All respondents had history of IDU, starting at mean age of 18 years (range 11 – 21)
The mean number of years injecting drug was 7 years.
Background
Get a coupon
Come to interview Center
Screening, give client information & sign informed
consent
Interview
Give free coupon for free testing & treatment
Reward for interview session & 2 coupons for recruit another IDUs
Recruit another IDUs which are eligible for the
interview
Bring coupon to the interview center
New repondents contact interview center & make
an appointment
Payment for recruiting other IDUs
Free HIV, HBV, HCV, Syphilis Test
HIV (+) Syphilis (+)
Free CD4 test & Chest X-ray
If indicated, free ARV treatment
Free Syphilis Treatment
This process (respondent driven sampling) is continued until the number of IDUs recruited reach 210
Method Living Area
HIV Test
Question True
(%) Can people reduce their chances of getting the HIV/AIDS by using
a condom every time they have sex? 89 Can a person get HIV/AIDS by sharing food with a person who
has AIDS? 84
Can people reduce their chances of getting the HIV/AIDS by taking herbal medicine or antibiotic before they have sexual intercourse?
69
Can you tell from looking at a person if s/he has the HIV? 70 Can the virus that causes AIDS be transmitted from a mother to a
child during pregnancy? 79
Can HIV be transmitted by sharing needles? 97
Knowledge on HIV/AIDS
Conclusion
• Many IDUs have good education, are employed & married
• “Poly drug use” is common
• IDUs engage in unsafe injecting & sexual risk behavior
• Knowledge on HIV/AIDS among IDUs is quite good
• 75% of IDUs have been tested & 60% of those tested are HIV (+)
• Addiction, harm reduction & HIV care have to be provided for IDUs and their spouses
• Addiction care and harm reduction have to be established at community level given the spread of IDUs across Bandung
• There is an opportunity for primary prevention at school
• Further research is needed to understand the gap between knowledge and behavior
A project funded
by the European Union
