vi
ABSTRAK
Ampas tebu merupakan limbah lignoselulosa yang sangat potensial dan mengandung selulosa. Selulosa dalam ampas tebu dapat dijadikan nanokristalin selulosa melalui proses hidrolisis dengan asam. Penelitian ini membahas tentang ketahanan film lateks karet alam berpengisi nanokristalin selulosa dan penyerasi alkanolamida terhadap perlakuan aging. Telah dilakukan sintesis pengisi nanokristalin selulosa dan penyerasi alkanolamida serta pengujian sifat mekanik film lateks karet alam setelah perlakuan aging meliputi kekuatan tarik, pemanjangan saat putus, modulus tarik. Pembuatan film lateks karet alam melalui proses pencelupan berkoagulan. Penelitian ini dimulai dengan proses pra-vulkanisasi lateks karet alam pada suhu 70 oC dan diikuti dengan proses vulkanisasi pada suhu 100 oC selama 20
menit. Selajutnya dilakukan perlakuan aging pada suhu 70 oC selama 24 jam. Hasil karakteristik TEM dan XRD pengisi nanokristalin selulosa menunjukkan nanokristalin selulosa memiliki diameter 40-160 nm dengan kristalinitas 92,33%. Hasil pengujian sifat-sifat mekanik menunjukkan bahwa film lateks karet alam berpengisi nanokristalin selulosa dan penyerasi alkanolamida memiliki ketahanan yang sangat baik terhadap perlakuan aging. Hasil uji mekanik didukung oleh analisa scanning electron microscopy (SEM) yang menujukkan film lateks karet alam berpengisi nanokristalin selulosa dan penyerasi alkanolamida setelah perlakuan aging memiliki permukaan patahan dengan crack yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan film lateks karet alam tanpa pengisi nanokristalin selulosa dan penyerasi alkanolamida.
Kata kunci : lateks karet alam, nanokristalin selulosa, ampas tebu, alkanolamida, aging
vii
ABSTRACT
Sugarcane bagasse is potential lignosellulosic waste and contains cellulose. Cellulose from sugarcane bagasse can be derived into nanocrystalline cellulose by acid hydrolysis process. This research studied about the ressistance of natural rubber latex film filled with nanocrystalline cellulose and alkanolamide compatibilizer toward aging treatment. Synthesis of nanocrystalline cellulose and alkanolamide had been done, also mechanical testing after aging treatment such as tensile strength, elongation at break and tensile modulus. Natural rubber latex film was produced by using coagulant dipping method. This research was started from natural rubber latex pre-vulcanization at 70 oC and followed with vulcanization process at 100 oC for 20 minutes. Then, aging treatment was done at temperature 70 oC for 24 hour. The result of TEM and XRD characteristic of nanocrystalline cellulose show diameter of nanocrystalline celllulose was 40-160 nm with crystallinity 92,33%. The result of mechanical properties show natural rubber latex film filled with nanocrystalline cellulose and alkanolamide have a good ressistance of aging. The result of mechanical properties were supported by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which showed natural rubber latex film filled with nanocrystalline cellulose and alkanolamide compatibilizer after aging treatment have less crack on fracture surface compared to natural rubber latex film without nanocrystalline cellulose filler and alkanolamide compatibilizer.
Key words : natural rubber latex, nanocrystalline cellulose, sugarcane bagasse, alkanolamide, aging.
