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Religious Symbolizations Performed by the Major Characters of C. S.
Lewis’s The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the
Wardrobe: A Jungian Archetypal Criticism.
A THESIS
BY:
KRISTIAN DARMAWAN Student Number: 03.80.0016
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME
FACULTY OF LETTERS
SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
2009
A THESIS ON
Religious Symbolizations Performed by the Major Characters of C. S.
Lewis’s The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe:
A Jungian Archetypal Criticism
By :
Kristian Darmawan
Student Number: 03.80.0016
Approved by:
G.M. Adhyanggono, SS., MA
18
February
2009
Major
Sponsor
Dra. RM Sri Suryaningsih, MA
18
February
2009
Co-Sponsor
3 This thesis was defended in front of the board of Examiners on February 18, 2009 and
declared acceptable.
BOARDS OF EXAMINERS
Chair Person : G.M. Adhyanggono, SS., MA ………
Secretary : Dra. RM Sri Suryaningsih, MA ………
Member : Angelika Riyandari, SS., MA ……….
Semarang, February 18, 2009 Faculty of Letters Soegijapranata Catholic University Dean,
Heny Hartono, SS., M.Pd
The Lord takes care of me as His sheep;
I will not be without any good ting.
He makes a resting-place for me in the green fields:
He is my guide by the quiet waters.
(Psalm 23: 1-2)
5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My first gratitude goes to the Almighty God, Jesus Christ, who had been kindly helping me difficult times in my life, including when I was still struggling to finish my thesis. His blessings have given me so much strength to me to move on.
My second gratitude goes to my family, my mother who always supported me with her kindness when I was ill for a month. To my grand mother that has passed away last year for her nice and warm smile when I was a kid. To my cousins who let me borrowed his printer to print many things.
My third gratitude goes to my Major and Co-sponsor. Mr. Adhyanggono, thanks for your critical ideas and especially for your patient when I become a bad student. Thank you for teaching me so may things about Jung’s theory thou I know I am not a smart student. To my Co-Sponsor Miss Rosa who helped me and willing to spend her time for me. Millions of thanks to both of you.
My last gratitude goes to all of my friends: Cindy, Sheila, Paddy, and all of friends from CLT. All of you are the best. Cindy thanks for your suggestions. Sheila thanks for your kindness when I need your computer. Paddy thanks for being my trusted friend. To all of CLT teachers that teach me lots of thing and your suggestions that made me become a better person. I realize that there are still many weaknesses in this thesis, and thus all suggestions, corrections, and supports will be warmly received. Thank you!
--Kristian Darmawan— Perpustakaan Unika
TABLE OF CONTENT PAGE OF TITLE….….………....i PAGE OF APROVAL.….………....ii BOARDS OF EXAMMINERS………...iii MOTTO………iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT……….v TABLE OF CONTENT………iv ABSTRACT……….vii ABSTRAK………..viii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study………..1
1.2. Field of the study………..5
1.3. Scope of the Study………5
1.4. Problem Formulation………5
1.5. Objective of the study………...5
1.6. Significance of the Study………..6
1.7. Definition of terms………6
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2.1. The Structure of Human Personality………..8
2.2. The Jungian Archetypal Criticism………12
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH OF METHODOLOGY………..16
CHAPTER IV. ANALYSIS 4.1. The symbolic Archetypes of the Major Characters……….19
4.2. Anima and the Animus of the Major Characters……….26
4.3. The Shadows of the Major Characters……….31
4.4. The Personas of the Major Characters……….36
4.5. The Major Characters’ Actions based on Christian Beliefs………….40
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION………47
BIBLIOGRAPHY………49 APPENDIX
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ABSTRACT
Religious Symbolizations Performed by the Major Characters of C. S. Lewis’s The
Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe:
A Jungian Archetypal Criticism
Kristian Darmawan
Abstract: ‘The Chronicles of Narnia: The lion, The Witch, and the Wardrobe’ is among
C. S. Lewis’s well known novels witch talk about fantasy, adventures, and heroism. The centre characters of the story are four kids that entered a fantasy world named Narnia. They are Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy. All of the kids came from England through an old wardrobe inside their new home. In Narnia, Peter, Susan, Edmund, and Lucy are trapped in a war between Good and Evil. The good side is represented by Aslan the Great lion, the evil side represented by The White Witch. Both of Aslan and The white witch rules Narnia by dividing Narnia into two territories. In the story, Peter, Edmund, Susan, and Lucy have to choose what they would become and to join Aslan to gain victory and peace in all over Narnia. From the beginning the writer chose this novel because this novel talk about fantasies, adventure, and heroism, which is the writer always love from a story. By writing this thesis, the writer wants the reader to see a fantasy stories not only for ‘killing the time’ but also useful to put some understanding in to people’s mind. The approach used in this thesis is Jungian’s Archetypal criticism that is the theory of symbols, Anima, animus, Persona, and Shadow in the Unconscious process. Further more, the writer will use the result of Jungian’s Archetypal criticism to find the religious symbolization. By Jungian’s Archetypal criticism, it is traced that the major characters actions are reflecting the Christian religious believes. In a whole, this thesis describes and gives proves on how the major characters can symbolizes the Christian religious believes.
Keywords: Symbols, religious, actions, Christian.
ABSTRAK
Simbol simbol religuis yang ditampilkan oleh tokoh-tokoh utama dalam Novel karya C. S. Lewis ‘The Chronicles of Narnia: The lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe’:
Penerapan Archetype Jung
Kristian Darmawan
Abstrak: ‘The Chronicles of Narnia: The lion, The Witch, and The Wardrobe’ adalah
salah satu karya terbaik dari C. S. Lewis yang berkisahkan tentanf fantasi, petualangan, dan kepahlawanan. Tokoh utama dalam cerita ini adalah empat anak manusia yang masuk ke sebuah dunia fantasi yang bernama Narnia. Anak anak itu adalah Peter, Susan, Edmund, dan Lucy. Keempat anak ini dating dari Inggris melalui sebuah lemari pakaian tua di ruamah baru mereka. Di dunai Narnia, Peter, Susan, Edmund, dan Lucy terjebak dalam sebuah peperangan yang berkepanjangan antara kebaikan melawak kejahatan. Sisi yang baik diwakili oleh Aslan The Great lion, di sisi yang jahat diwakili oleh White Witch. Baik Aslan maupun White Witch masing masing menguasai separuh dari dunia Narnia. Di dalam ceriata ini, Peter, Susan, Edmund, dan Lucy harus membuat pilihan apakah mereka akan menjadi bagaimana dan bergabung dengan Aslan utuk memenangkan perang sehingga kedamaian hadir di dunia Narnia. Sedari awal, penulis memilih novel ini karena ceritanya banyak berkisah tentang fantasi, petualangan dan kepahlawanan dimana hal hal inilah yang disukai oleh penulis. Dengan menulis thesis ini, penulis menginginkan agar para pembaca melihat sebuah cerita khayalan tidak hanya sebagai ‘melewatkan waktu’ tetapi juga berguna sebagai media penyampaian pemahaman kepada orang lain. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam thesis ini adalah teori Archetype dari Jung yang berupa teori tentang Simbol-simbol Aniam, Animus, Persona dan Shadow dalam proses alam tidak sadar. Untuk lebih jauh lagi, penulis akan menggunakan hasil dari analisa untuk menemukan simbol-simbol religiusnya. Dengan penggunaan teori Archetype dari Jung, terlacak bahwa tindakan-tindakan yang dilakukan oleh para tokoh utama mencerminkan kepercayaan- kepercayaan Kristen. Secara keseluruhan, thesis ini memberikan gambaran dan membuktikan bahwa tindakan-tindakan tokoh utama dapat menyimbolkan kepercayaan kepercayaan kekristenan.
Kata kunci: Sinbol- simbol, keagamaan, tindakan- tindakan, Kristen.
