ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬산릤산
릤䬬ꮠ갬산䨸 릤산 鮼ઈퟰઈὨ牐Ὠ牐Ὠ牐ퟰὨ 魤牨산ꮠ산릤䬬䬬ꮠ산ꮠ산산갬ꮠ
EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON MECHANICAL AND THERMAL PROPERTIES OF
FISH GELATIN FILM ISOLATED FROM
Lates calcarifer
SCALES
Dian Pribadi Perkasa*, Erizal, Darmawan, and Akhmad Rasyid
Centre for the Application of Isotopes and Radiation Technology, BATAN Jl. Lebak Bulus Raya No.49, Pasar Jumat, Jakarta 12070
Received January 14, 2013; Accepted March 14, 2013
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of gamma irradiation on mechanical and thermal properties of fish gelatin films prepared from scales of Lates calcarifer. The films were irradiated by gamma rays at varied doses (0–50 kGy). The mechanical and thermal properties of irradiated gelatin films were measured by using colorimeter, Universal Testing Machine, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer. The results showed that increasing of irradiation dose up to 50 kGy, the color of irradiated film did not change significantly (p < 0.05). The tensile strength of irradiated film was increased with no differences among dose variation but there was no change on elongation at break value (p < 0.05). The DSC spectra of irradiated gelatin films showed that irradiation did not affect melting temperature (Tm). In contrast, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of irradiated film has slight tendency to increase with increasing of radiation doses. In general, the FTIR spectra confirmed that gamma irradiation up to 50 kGy affected the mechanical properties of gelatin films.
Keywordsgamma irradiation; fish gelatin film; mechanical property; thermal property; Lates calcarifer
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan menginvestigasi efek radiasi gamma terhadap sifat mekanik dan termal film gelatin ikan yang dipreparasi dari sisik kakap putih (Lates calcarifer). Film gelatin diiradiasi pada variasi dosis (0–50 kGy) menggunakan sinar gamma. Sifat mekanik dan termal film iradiasi diukur menggunakan kolorimeter, Universal Testing Machine, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), dan spektrofotometer inframerah (FTIR). Hasil menunjukkan bahwa dengan meningkatnya dosis radiasi hingga 50 kGy tidak menyebabkan perubahan warna film secara signifikan (p < 0,05). Tegangan putus film iradiasi meningkat tanpa perbedaan di antara variasi dosis, sebaliknya, tidak terjadi perubahan perpanjangan putus film gelatin (p < 0,05). Spektra DSC film gelatin iradiasi menunjukkan bahwa iradiasi tidak memengaruhi Tm (melting temperature) film gelatin. Sebaliknya, Tg (glass transition temperature) film gelatin iradiasi cenderung meningkat dengan meningkatnya dosis iradiasi. Spektra FTIR mengkonfirmasi bahwa iradiasi sinar gamma pada dosis hingga 50 kGy memengaruhi sifat mekanik film gelatin secara umum.
Kata Kunciiradiasi gamma; film gelatin ikan; sifat mekanik; sifat termal; Lates calcarifer
INTRODUCTION
릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨 산䬬릤릤 릤 䨸䬬 牨산䀸릤䬬릤산 릤䬬 牨산䀸䀸릤산䬬䬬ꮠ릤ꮠꮠ䬬산ꮠ릤갬산산릤산 릤ꮠ牨릤산 ꮠ릤䀸䀸牨릤ퟰ㮴릤牨 ꮠ牨산릤ꮠ산 산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬갬릤산ꮠ䬬䬬릤䬬䬬릤䬬산산ꮠ릤릤ꮠ릤䬬산䬬ꮠ ꮠ䬬산산ꮠ산䀸䀸䬬산ꮠ릤䀸牨릤산 산䬬산릤산ꮠ릤䀸䘐 牨릤ꮠ갬ꮠઈ왌㮴릤산ꮠ 산䬬릤릤䨸䬬릤산䬬산산䬬릤 牨산릤ꮠ산ꮠ䘐ꮠ릤산갬릤산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䨸䬬릤ꮠ䬬ꮠ䬬산 릤䀸 산䬬릤릤릤 䨸갬 ꮠ䬬갬ꮠꮠ산䨸䬬산갬릤산䬬 䬬䨸갬ꮠ산ꮠ牨산릤ꮠ산㮴䘐䨸릤䬬䬬ꮠ갬䬬뀨ઈ㮴산ꮠ 䨸갬䬬릤ꮠ릤䀸䬬䀸䬬릤牨Ὠઈ㮴
ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬산릤산 牨산ꮠ갬릤 릤ꮠ릤䨸䬬릤 lates calcarifer䬬산릤산䬬산갬릤산ꮠ 릤䬬䨸릤ꮠꮠ䬬릤릤䬬䬬산䀸䬬䨸䀸 릤 산산릤ꮠ䬬ꮠ ꮠ䬬 릤ꮠ릤䬬⟴䘐릤ꮠ䬬산릤갬릤산ꮠ 牨Lates calcarifer 䬬산릤䬬산 릤릤산릤 ꮠ牨 牨ꮠ䀸산䬬ꮠ갬산牨 릤牨릤산䨸릤릤ꮠ갬 릤릤ꮠ릤 䨸릤䬬릤산 䘐산䬬ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ갬산릤 릤릤 릤 갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 牨릤 산ꮠ산산 릤牨산릤ꮠ릤䬬 ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬 릤산릤 牨䬬산릤䬬 Lates calcarifer.
EXPERIMENTAL SECTION
Materials
⟴산릤䬬 Lates calcarifer䘐산䬬䨸 산䬬릤 牨산 牨산릤ꮠ䬬ꮠ릤䘐산릤䘐산䬬䨸䬬릤 갬릤산ꮠ릤 산ꮠ 苨 릤 릤릤산갬릤䬬䘐릤릤 산산䀸ꮠ산갬산릤산䨸䬬릤 䘐ꮠ 䨸 䨸 릤䨸ꮠ ꮠ산ꮠꮠ䬬ꮠ릤䘐산릤䘐산䬬䨸䬬릤 ꮠ䬬산ꮠ 갬릤산ꮠ
Instrumentation
Procedure
Preparation of irradiated gelatin films
ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ䘐산䬬ꮠ䬬산릤 牨䬬산릤䬬 Lates calcarifer䨸䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ䬬ꮠ릤䘐산릤산ퟰퟰ 산릤䬬䬬䨸릤 ퟰퟰ뀨산牨 牨ꮠ苨 릤 릤릤䬬䬬 릤릤산릤
Color and mechanical test
ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬산릤산
Fig 1.산䘐牨산릤ꮠ산 릤 산ꮠ산갬릤산ꮠ䨸
산䬬산릤䬬 Lates calcarifer갬릤산ꮠ䬬䨸ꮠ산 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬
DSC characterization
苨 릤牨산산산䀸䬬ꮠ䬬ꮠ䬬䨸牨릤⟴ઈ⟴ ꮠ牨산䨸 䘐산䬬䨸䬬릤릤릤牨ꮠ릤 릤 릤牨산릤ꮠ릤䬬 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤 ꮠ牨䬬 릤산牨䨸 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬牨릤산䬬䨸릤 ⟴䬬릤산䘐산䬬뀨ퟰ牨갬魤산 䬬산牨릤䘐산䬬
릤산릤 牨왌 ꮠ산ꮠ산산산릤ퟰ 牨ꮠ
FTIR characterization
䘐산䬬䨸䬬릤 산산릤ꮠ릤 릤릤䬬릤릤
Statistical analysis
苨 릤䬬산ꮠ䬬ꮠ산산산䀸䬬ꮠ䬬䘐산䬬릤 牨릤䀸鯈릤ઈ 산䀸苨鯈苨산릤산䬬䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산ꮠ 릤릤릤⟴릤䬬 䘐ꮠ 䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산릤릤릤릤 ꮠ릤산뀨
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Fish Gelatin Film
ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬산릤산
Table 1. 릤䬬릤릤 릤 갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 산갬릤 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬
䨸릤산䨸릤䬬 산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬산갬릤
䀸 산
ퟰ牐산 뀨산 ઈ왌Ὠ牐산
ퟰ ퟰὨ산 왌산 ઈ왌뀨산
ퟰ산 산 ઈ왌뀨牐산
왌 ퟰ산 뀨왌산 ઈ왌뀨산
ퟰퟰ산 뀨왌산 ઈ왌ퟰ뀨산
뀨 ퟰ산 산 ઈ왌뀨牐산
⟴산牨릤릤릤산䘐ꮠ ꮠ 릤䬬산牨릤䨸牨ꮠꮠ 릤䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸뀨晸ഐퟰ
Table 2.સ릤 산ꮠ산릤ꮠ릤䬬 ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬ꮠ산ꮠ산릤산ꮠ 릤릤ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䬬
산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤
䀸 魤갬산ꮠ산릤산Ⳉ
릤䬬ꮠ릤⟴릤갬
갬牨
릤산ꮠ Ⳉ
ퟰퟰ산 Ὠ왌Ὠ산 ퟰ왌왌산
ퟰ ퟰퟰ산 뀨牐뀨 왌ퟰ산
ퟰퟰ산 ퟰ왌왌牐 뀨ퟰὨ
왌 ퟰퟰ산 牐뀨 뀨ퟰ
ퟰퟰ산 왌ퟰὨퟰ 뀨Ὠ뀨ퟰퟰ
뀨 ퟰퟰ산 뀨왌왌牐 Ὠ
⟴산牨릤릤릤산䘐ꮠ ꮠ 릤䬬산牨릤䨸牨ꮠꮠ 릤䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸뀨晸ഐ뀨
Fig 3.⟴䨸릤䬬 ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬ꮠ산ꮠ산릤산
ꮠ 릤릤ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䬬
Effect of Irradiation Dose on Mechanical Properties of Gelatin Films
魤 릤 갬산牨牨산산ꮠ산ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ릤䬬릤갬 산 릤갬산ꮠ산릤산 릤 ꮠ牨䬬산䬬릤䬬䨸뀨䀸 산릤䬬 䘐ꮠ산릤魤갬산ꮠ산릤산 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬 ꮠ산 릤릤갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ뀨ꮠ릤릤䬬䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨산갬산䬬䬬䀸䬬산릤ꮠ䬬䘐릤䨸릤䬬산䬬갬릤산ꮠ 牨릤䨸산䬬䨸䨸릤릤牨릤ꮠ갬ꮠꮠ 䘐산릤릤ꮠ䬬䘐 릤릤䬬ꮠ갬䀸ꮠꮠ䬬䬬릤릤 산갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ䘐산䬬 䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸ꮠ牨릤릤䬬ꮠ릤䬬릤갬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨 뀨릤䬬ꮠ릤䬬릤갬 산갬릤 산ꮠ ꮠ산ꮠ산릤 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ꮠ릤산䬬릤䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸牨산릤 䨸 릤ꮠ牨릤牨릤䬬릤릤牨䬬릤산릤ꮠ릤산䬬릤 산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䬬산䬬릤䬬ꮠ릤䬬릤갬 산갬릤 산ꮠ 䘐산䬬䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸ꮠ 릤릤릤산牨갬ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤 산ꮠ산ꮠ
ꮠ䬬릤䬬䨸䘐산䬬ꮠ갬산갬릤릤牨릤䘐ꮠ 릤䬬䀸
릤산왌㮴 산ꮠ 릤산 왌㮴산릤䬬䬬䨸산䀸릤산
왌뀨㮴䘐 ꮠ 䨸릤 산牨릤 산ꮠ산릤ꮠ릤䬬 릤ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬산릤ꮠ릤산䬬릤䀸갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 릤산 왌㮴릤릤 릤䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬릤릤䬬ꮠ릤 䬬릤갬 갬릤산ꮠઈ산䬬릤 ꮠ牨산 릤ꮠ산ꮠ산릤산ퟰ䀸 산ꮠ 릤산왌㮴ꮠꮠ산릤 산산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 왌䀸 ꮠ릤산䬬릤 릤䨸䨸릤䬬릤갬 䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸ꮠ 릤 䘐 릤䀸릤ꮠꮠ䬬산릤산䬬릤ꮠ산릤릤䬬䀸릤ꮠ
ꮠ䬬산릤 ꮠ牨릤䬬䬬䨸산䀸릤산 왌뀨㮴 릤 산ꮠ릤 산
갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ갬릤릤산릤䬬 릤릤산ꮠ산䬬 산ꮠ䨸릤 릤牨ꮠ산䀸 䬬䬬 ꮠꮠ갬 릤산ꮠ 산牨갬 릤ꮠ 牨릤䨸릤䬬산䬬릤䬬 ꮠ갬 릤 산ퟰ䀸
릤牨ꮠ산䬬䬬ꮠ䬬산牨갬갬릤산ꮠ牨릤䨸릤䬬 䬬릤갬 릤산䬬산ꮠꮠ릤왌릤䘐䬬䨸䨸릤 牨릤䨸릤갬릤산ꮠ 牨릤䀸 䀸䬬ꮠ산䬬䬬ꮠ䬬䨸ꮠ갬 ꮠ牨 牨산ꮠ왌㮴 릤牨ꮠ산䬬䬬ꮠ䬬䘐산䬬릤䀸 릤ꮠ릤산䬬릤 갬릤 산ꮠ ꮠ산ꮠ산릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨산 산䨸䬬릤 산갬릤牨릤 산ꮠ산릤 산ꮠ 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨 䬬䨸 산䬬ꮠ릤산䬬ꮠ갬릤䬬ꮠ릤䬬릤갬 릤 ꮠ牨왌Ὠઈ왌牐㮴 䨸ꮠ릤릤䬬䨸 릤산왌㮴릤갬산산ꮠ 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ꮠ ꮠ䬬릤䬬릤산 䀸릤䨸산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 䬬릤䬬䨸뀨䀸산䬬䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산릤릤산䬬릤 릤䬬ꮠ릤䬬릤갬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨
DSC Characterization
ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬산릤산
Table 3.산䬬䬬산䬬ꮠꮠ릤牨릤산䨸릤갬산牨릤ꮠ갬릤牨릤산䨸릤牨 ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ꮠ산ꮠ산릤산ꮠ 릤릤
ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䬬
산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䀸 갬˚ 牨˚
뀨牐왌 ퟰ
ퟰ ퟰ뀨 ퟰ牐
ퟰ ퟰ왌ퟰ
왌 뀨ퟰ牐 ퟰퟰ
뀨뀨 ퟰퟰ
뀨 뀨왌 ퟰ왌ퟰ牐
Table 4. 산산릤ꮠ䬬ꮠꮠ 산릤산䬬 릤ꮠ릤ꮠ산갬릤
릤䬬ꮠ갬산ꮠ 苨 䀸牨산릤릤ɬ䨸릤䀸牨ઈퟰ 릤䬬ꮠꮠ
苨牨ꮠ릤苨 왌왌ઈ왌Ὠ 䬬릤 ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 왌ퟰઈ왌왌 䬬릤 ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 ퟰઈퟰ牐 ഐ鯈䬬릤 ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 ퟰઈퟰ뀨Ὠ뀨 䬬릤 ꮠ갬릤ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 ퟰ牐ઈퟰ왌ퟰ 䬬릤 ꮠ갬릤ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 뀨ὨὨ 鯈릤ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 鯈䨸ઈ ઈ산릤릤ꮠ갬
苨牨ꮠ릤 뀨Ὠ왌ઈ 鯈䨸ઈ ઈ산릤ഐ鯈릤ꮠ갬
Fig 4.䬬릤산 ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬ꮠ산ꮠ산릤산
ꮠ 릤릤ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䬬
릤산산갬릤牨릤 릤ꮠ릤 릤ꮠ ꮠ산산牨 ꮠ갬䨸산ꮠퟰઈ㮴
산ꮠ산릤산갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬䬬 䘐릤갬산䬬䬬 산䬬ꮠꮠ릤牨릤산䨸릤갬산산䨸 䘐ꮠ 산릤 릤산산䬬䬬 䘐ꮠꮠ갬왌 릤갬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䘐 ꮠ 䘐릤 산ퟰ뀨 ꮠꮠ산릤 릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬䘐릤릤 릤 릤䀸릤 䀸산릤왌㮴䨸牨ꮠ䬬䨸릤릤 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ꮠ䬬䬬ꮠ릤릤ꮠ ꮠ䨸릤릤산䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ꮠ䬬릤산䬬ꮠ䀸릤 䀸산릤䀸䘐산릤산ꮠ산ꮠ 릤산䬬ꮠ갬䘐산릤릤 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨릤릤산䬬릤䬬 릤 ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ䀸䬬 ꮠ 䘐릤릤牨릤산䨸릤산산릤䬬 릤 갬릤산릤산䨸䬬릤䘐산릤 산䬬산산䬬ꮠꮠ릤릤 릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨㮴⟴산릤산㮴산䬬릤릤 산갬릤산ꮠ 산䬬
갬산䬬䬬산䬬ꮠꮠ릤牨릤산䨸릤산牐 䘐 릤 릤䀸 ꮠꮠ릤산Ὠ뀨Ⳉ 릤산ꮠ릤 䨸牨ꮠꮠ䀸
苨䬬䬬 䘐ꮠ산릤왌갬 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤 ꮠ牨䬬 䘐릤 䬬ꮠ갬 릤릤䀸ꮠ릤산䬬릤ꮠ릤산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 䬬릤䬬 ꮠ䬬릤䬬䨸산䬬ꮠꮠ산릤 산갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ ꮠ䨸릤䬬䬬ꮠꮠ갬릤산ꮠꮠ牨릤䨸릤䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨산릤산갬산ꮠ뀨㮴릤 산릤䬬䬬ꮠ릤䘐산䀸 ꮠ릤산䬬릤갬ꮠ䬬䀸ꮠ릤산䬬ꮠ갬 릤䬬䬬ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ䀸 릤䨸릤릤산㮴䀸䨸䬬ꮠ갬ઈ산䀸산산ꮠ牨릤䀸䬬䨸䀸 릤 산산갬릤ઈꮠ릤䬬䨸䨸릤 갬릤산ꮠ䘐산䬬 릤䨸ꮠ䀸ꮠꮠ갬䘐산릤산䬬산 ꮠ䬬 牨릤䀸䬬산䬬 산ꮠ릤䀸䘐산릤牨릤䨸릤䬬산䬬릤ꮠ갬릤산ꮠ산릤 䨸릤䀸산ꮠ산䀸䀸䬬산ꮠ산릤 릤 산ꮠ 䀸䬬산ꮠ산릤䘐산릤ꮠ릤산䬬릤䬬산䬬ꮠ릤산䬬릤䬬 䬬䬬 ꮠꮠ갬 릤䬬ꮠ䀸 릤 릤산산ꮠ 䘐산릤 산 䬬릤ꮠ ꮠ산䀸 릤䀸䬬산ꮠ산릤䘐산릤갬ꮠꮠ갬ꮠ䬬릤 릤 갬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ઈ㮴⟴릤릤산릤䬬릤산 릤䬬산䬬 릤릤 산ꮠ릤산䬬릤ꮠ갬䬬릤릤䘐ꮠ 릤 ꮠ릤산䬬릤ꮠ䬬䬬ꮠꮠ갬 갬릤산ꮠ䀸 릤牨ꮠ산䬬䬬 ꮠ릤ઈ뀨㮴
릤갬 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤 ꮠ牨䘐산䬬䬬릤산릤䘐릤릤 ퟰퟰ 산ퟰ牐 䘐ꮠ 릤산ꮠ䘐ꮠ 산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬릤䬬산䬬䬬 䘐ꮠ산릤왌 ꮠ䬬산䨸릤䘐산䬬 릤䀸䬬릤 릤牨 ꮠ牨산ퟰ 릤ꮠ䨸䬬䬬䨸ꮠ릤䬬갬릤릤산䀸 䨸 산䬬䬬ꮠꮠ갬ꮠ 산갬릤 릤牨릤ꮠ갬ꮠ 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨ퟰ뀨ퟰ㮴
FTIR Characterization
릤䬬릤산 갬릤산ꮠ릤 산릤 牨Lates
calcarifer 䬬산릤䬬䨸䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ䬬ꮠ릤䘐산릤산ퟰퟰ 산
릤䬬䬬䨸릤ퟰퟰ뀨산牨 牨ꮠ산릤䬬 䘐ꮠꮠ갬 릤릤산䬬 산 릤䬬릤산 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬 䀸䬬 䘐䬬산䀸ꮠ산䬬릤䨸牨 ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ䘐ꮠ 릤릤
ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ릤산䬬산릤산
Fig 5. 䨸䬬산ꮠ䬬 릤릤 릤 䬬䬬ꮠꮠ갬갬릤산ꮠ릤䘐䬬䨸䨸릤
ퟰ牐牐牨ઈퟰ산왌牐牨ઈퟰ 릤산릤
ꮠ산ꮠ 릤릤ꮠ릤ꮠ산갬릤 릤릤갬ꮠ䬬산릤 산䬬䬬ꮠ갬릤 릤䬬苨牨ꮠ릤苨산晸苨牨ꮠ릤산 晸산苨牨ꮠ릤산뀨ઈ뀨㮴 릤 산산릤ꮠ䬬ꮠ 산䬬 갬릤산ꮠ산릤ꮠ䬬릤ꮠ산릤
릤䬬릤䨸牨 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨산䬬릤䬬䨸 뀨䀸릤 ꮠꮠ릤䬬ꮠ牨ꮠ산릤산䬬䘐ꮠ 산䬬䬬 䘐 ꮠꮠ갬 릤릤牨산릤갬ꮠ䬬䘐릤릤䬬 䘐릤䬬ꮠ牨ꮠ산 䬬 산릤산䘐산릤䨸牨릤䬬산 릤릤산䨸ꮠꮠ䬬䬬릤릤 산 릤ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ䀸 산䬬牨ꮠ산릤산산牨ꮠ릤산 산 䘐산䬬䘐릤 산 ꮠ牨
릤산牨ꮠ릤산릤 릤牨䬬牨ꮠ릤ꮠ산ꮠ산 산䬬 릤릤ꮠ산릤산䬬ꮠ릤ꮠ릤牨산ꮠ䀸 산 ꮠ牨산릤䀸Ⳉ 牨 릤ഐ鯈䬬릤 ꮠ산ꮠ䬬 릤릤ꮠ릤ꮠ산갬릤뀨뀨뀨ઈ뀨Ὠ㮴䘐릤ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ䀸 산䬬牨ꮠ산릤산산牨ꮠ릤산 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨 ꮠꮠ산릤 산갬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠꮠ䨸릤䬬䬬ꮠꮠ갬 릤산ꮠꮠ牨릤䨸릤䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨 䨸갬 牨산ꮠ 릤ꮠ릤ꮠ산갬릤苨䬬산牨ꮠ릤산ꮠ䬬 릤牨䬬䬬릤䬬ꮠꮠ릤 䬬릤산릤갬ꮠ䬬牨산산ꮠ산ꮠ䬬ꮠ牨릤䨸산갬릤牨릤䀸 산 䀸갬릤ꮠ갬산릤䬬䘐릤ꮠ릤䬬ꮠ䀸 산䬬牨ꮠ산릤牨산䀸산䬬릤산릤 牨산ꮠ䬬릤산䀸 䬬䨸䨸릤䬬䨸 산䬬αઈ 릤ꮠ 산βઈ䬬 릤릤 산갬릤ઈꮠ릤 갬릤산ꮠ牨릤䨸산 릤산ꮠ 릤䘐 䬬䨸䨸릤 산 릤 릤牨ꮠ산䀸䬬䬬ꮠ릤䘐산䬬ꮠ䨸䬬산릤ꮠꮠ갬뀨뀨㮴
䬬릤산 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䬬ꮠꮠ산릤
산산 䀸갬䨸䬬ઈ鯈鯈산산牨ꮠ릤갬䨸䬬ઈ
ꮠ갬릤산ꮠ牨릤䨸릤䬬산릤 䨸ꮠ산갬䨸䬬 산ꮠ릤 ꮠ 牨산ꮠ 릤ꮠ릤릤산ꮠ릤䘐릤릤산 䀸 산산牨ꮠ릤갬䨸䬬ꮠ䬬ꮠ䨸릤䀸갬산牨牨산산ꮠ산ꮠ 䨸갬 ꮠꮠ릤ꮠꮠꮠ갬ꮠ릤산ꮠ릤 䀸 릤䬬ꮠ릤 산산ꮠ䀸䬬ꮠ䬬 䘐산릤 牨䬬 릤릤산ꮠ산 산ꮠꮠ릤 산 䀸 갬䨸䬬ꮠ갬릤산ꮠ牨릤䨸릤䬬 릤ꮠꮠ릤
산 䀸갬䨸ꮠ䬬산릤䀸䬬갬산䬬릤䘐 ꮠ ɬ䨸ꮠ䀸 牨䬬릤䬬ꮠ갬산牨ꮠ릤䘐 릤산牨ꮠ릤ꮠ䬬릤䬬릤
CONCLUSION
䬬䨸牨牨산䀸산䬬산릤갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨 산䬬릤릤 릤산릤 牨 ꮠ䬬 릤ꮠ릤䬬䘐산䬬릤ꮠ 릤 牨 Lates calcarifer 䬬산릤䬬산牨牨산ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ산䬬릤䬬䨸뀨 䀸䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산䀸뀨ꮠ牨릤 릤릤䬬ꮠ릤 䬬릤갬 산갬릤 산ꮠ ꮠ䬬 갬릤산ꮠ ꮠ牨䘐ꮠ 䨸 䬬ꮠ갬ꮠ ꮠ산뀨 산갬릤ꮠ䨸릤산䨸릤䬬苨 ꮠ릤산䬬릤 갬 ꮠ산ꮠ산릤 ꮠ牨릤산릤산ꮠ산ꮠ 䬬릤산ꮠ산ꮠ䘐산䬬산䬬䬬릤릤䬬릤산 ꮠ牨릤 산ꮠ牨릤牨릤 牨릤 산ꮠ산산 릤牨산 릤ꮠ릤䬬䘐산䬬산䨸䬬릤䀸䬬䬬ઈꮠꮠ갬릤산ꮠ 산 갬릤릤산릤릤ꮠ릤ꮠ산갬릤산牨갬갬릤산ꮠ牨릤䨸릤䬬ꮠ ꮠ산ꮠ산릤 ꮠ牨 릤 䀸 릤䬬ꮠ릤 릤 릤산ꮠ 牨릤 산ꮠ䬬牨ꮠꮠ갬산ꮠ䀸䬬ꮠ䬬 䘐산릤䀸갬산牨牨산 ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 산갬릤릤산릤䬬 릤릤산ꮠ산䬬䘐 ꮠ 산 산䨸䬬릤 ꮠꮠ산ꮠ 산 䀸 갬䨸䬬ꮠ갬릤산ꮠ 牨릤䨸릤 릤ꮠꮠ릤산 䀸갬䨸ꮠ䬬 릤릤산릤 산牨ꮠ릤갬䨸 牨䬬릤䬬ꮠ갬산牨ꮠ릤
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
苨䨸 갬산릤 䨸䀸산䘐릤갬릤릤산갬䨸릤䬬산 ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ 산ꮠꮠꮠ릤䬬苨ઈ苨苨䘐 ꮠ 산䬬릤릤 ꮠꮠ갬 릤䬬산牨릤䬬ꮠ산ꮠ산ꮠ
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