viii
RINGKASAN
Siluriformes merupakan salah satu ordo ikan yang sebagian besar hidup di perairan tawar. Hampir semua ikan ordo Siluriformes memiliki sungut di sekeliling mulutnya. Siluriformes adalah salah satu ordo pada Classis Pisces yang mempunyai keragaman hayati dan nilai ekonomis tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui spesies ikan Ordo Siluriformes yang tertangkap dari Sungai Cijalu dan hubungan kekerabatan filogenetiknya. Materi penelitian meliputi beberapa spesies ikan anggota Ordo Siluriformes yang merupakan hasil koleksi Dr. Agus Nuryanto yang disimpan di Laboratorium Taksonomi Hewan Fakultas Biologi Universitas Jenderal Soedirman dan ditangkap dari Sungai Cijalu Kecamatan Majenang Kabupaten Cilacap. Metode yang digunakan adalah survei, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel yaitu purposive sampling. Cara kerja penelitian yaitu memilih ikan dengan ukuran > 8 cm dari
ix
bersama Mystus gulio (sebagai sister taxa) dengan nilai bootstrap 100%, nilai indeks konsistensi (CI) sebesar 0,753 dan nilai indeks retensi (RI) sebesar 0,5714. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tentang jumlah spesies ikan dari Ordo Siluriformes yang tertangkap di Sungai Cijalu Kecamatan Majenang Kabupaten Cilacap serta hubungan filogenetik berdasarkan morfologinya.
x
SUMMARY
Siluriformes is one order of fish that live in freshwater. Almost all the fish of the order Siluriformes has barbells around the mouth. Order Siluriformes is one of the Classis Pisces and biodiversity that have high economic value. Purpose of this study is determine the number of fish species on Siluriformes caught in the Cijalu River and their phylogenetic relationships based on their morphological characters. The materials used in this study were fish species that belong to order Siluriformes andout-groupspecies from the order of Cypriniformes.The specimens are collection of the Laboratory of Animal Taxonomy Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University. A survey method was used by applyingpurposive sampling technique. How the research is to choose fish with size > 8 cm of the order Siluriformes which has been preserved in the Laboratory of Animal Taxonomy Faculty of Biology, Jenderal Soedirman University, then include species identification and determination morphological character measurement and phylogenetic relationship analysis. The morphological character is fin, linea lateralis, caudal fin, scales type, mouth position, total length, standard length, body height, caudal peduncle, number of species, number of individuals per species, and species of fish were observed to variables. The data were analyzed descriptively by observing similarities and differences in their morphology. Phylogenetic relationships was estimated using cladistic analysis based on maximum parsimony algorithm as implemented in PAUP (Phylogenetic Analysis Using parsimony) software version 4.0.b
.
Phylogenetic tree was presented in a cladogram. Identification and determination process resulted on 6 fish species, namely Pterygoplichthys pardalis, Hemibagrus nemurus,Glyptothorax platypogon, Channa striata,Mystus gulio, and Mystusmicracanthus.The analysis showed that order Siluriformes formed monophyletic group on the tree
