Azhar Muhammad
Kamarul Azmi Jasmi
Mohd Ismail Mustari
Roshayati Nasbon
Norhasanatul Fadzilah Awang
Faculty of Islamic Civilization, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Suggested Citation:
Muhammad, A., Jasmi, K. A., Mustari, M. I., Nasbon, R., Awang, N. F. (2012).
Kemahiran Membaca dalam Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab in
Seminar
Antarabangsa Perguruan dan Pendidikan Islam [SEAPPI2012] (International Seminar on Teacher
and Islamic Education [SEAPPI2012]
)
at Le Grandeur Palm Resort, Senai, Johor Bahru on
8-9 March 2012, pp. 901-910. ISBN 99917-44-89-4.
Abstrak
Kebolehan membaca merupakan salah satu daripada perkara asas yang perlu ada pada setiap
individu yang ingin menguasai sesuatu bahasa. Mempelajari bahasa Arab memerlukan
kemahiran-kemahiran yang tertentu dan kemahiran-kemahiran membaca adalah salah satu kemahiran-kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai
selain kemahiran bercakap atau lisan, kemahiran menulis dan kemahiran mendengar. Kertas ini
membincangkan kemahiran membaca sebagai salah satu kemahiran yang perlu dikuasai oleh pelajar
untuk mempelajari bahasa Arab. Beberapa aspek utama tentang kemahiran ini diketengahkan bagi
melihat kepentingan kemahiran ini khususnya dalam pembelajaran bahasa Arab. Antara yang
dibincangkan ialah tujuan membaca, ciri-ciri pembaca yang baik, jenis bacaan, dan peringkat
membaca. Juga dinyatakan langkah pengajaran tahap rendah, pertengahan, dan lanjutan; masalah
penguasaan bacaan bahasa Arab dan gaya pembelajaran, serta pengenalan bentuk bacaan intensif
dan ekstensif. Kemahiran membaca dalam pengajaran dan pembelajaran bahasa Arab di sekolah
masih berada pada tahap lemah kerana pelajar tidak dapat menguasai kemahiran bahasa ini
disebabkan kurang berminat terhadap bahasa Arab di samping kurang penggunaan bahasa ini
dalam interaksi seharian. Pelajar hanya mempelajari bahasa ini di sekolah dengan masa yang terhad
dan kurang kesedaran tentang kepentingan bahasa ini menjadikan pembelajaran bahasa ini berada
di tahap yang masih lemah.
01234567 89999999 9999!99 9"999999 9999#999 998999999 99999!$9999 9999999 99!!9#"9 #9#99%9 9#99# &9! 99#99999'99'899 9 99!999 9999999 !999(9 9999999999 9 9999 )
*+,-+,0.0,7
$!9"/0 9 909 !!899!9 9! 9 1"29993 $#45567 8 $9919999!9 $345567#999991!9 '9"/$!9 $9999 "99999!#/0 9:;<=>)999 99999 8 8999999 999899999' 9?9#9'99 @38A#45BC7D99DD3455E7#9FGHIJKLIMN
HGHOIPIN
QIRIHN
SGMTIUILIMN
QIMN
N
SGHOGRIUILIMN
OIJIVIN
ILION
!9 8!9% 0 W2 2X9!1
!"#$%&'()*"%"#$#)+)*"&$%&%,"(&-"()#./ "%"&- )(%0"1"2-,"#$ )3-&)"+&)4)&)" #$#!#"#+%"&- )(%5"3$%6$*3%"#+ -#&"%")$"6%,")!-*)+%"/ $!"($/*%," 3$%- )(0"7$./ $!%"#$#.8".-+%"(!2"#$*-3+%"(!"(&-"*)3"3$*+*"(("6%," 3$*-"".,)")%)4)-"6%,")%,)%"#$%,-()"($(-&-".!(".!+%")"2-,"3$%&)%," #" #$%83)"($(-&-"+$26%"&)+"+)*" #"3"2-".)%,0""
3 9$#3$ 2*)".!(":*."#$#$*-+%"+$#!)*%;+$#!)*%"6%,"&$*&$%&-"%"+$#!)*%" #$#.8" !"(&-"+$#!)*%"6%,"3$*-")+-()"($ )%"*)3"+$#!)*%".$*8+3"&-" )(%5"+$#!)*%"#$%- )("%"+$#!)*%"#$%$%,*0"7$#!)*%"#$#.8")%)"2-,"&$ !" )#))+)"%")3$ 2*)"/ $!"3*"(!.&"<(- - !"=:>"6%,")&-,(+%"-%&-+"#$%- )(" ?!6-0""
"
@ABACDE
FGFHCICE
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
"
QGRSDSTSE
FGFHCICE
QCDE
ISUSV
ISUSE
WGFHCICE
XCDYE
HCSZ
EE9$#.8"&$ !")$')%)()+%"/ $!".$.$*3"3+*".!("%".8%" #"3$ .,)"3$#!; #%0"9$%,)+-&"[-(!"%"\-$.%$*"KLM]^O5".8%")!_"`&'()*%"()#./ "&- )(%5"#$#!#)" #+%"&- )(%5"3$%6$*3%")$"6%,")3$*($#.!+%"/ $!"3$%- )("%"3*/($(".$*')+)*a0"7$%$6" KLMNLO"3- "#$%&'()*+%".8%")!_"`3*/($(".$*')+)*"6%,"#$ ).&+%"3$#.8"#$#!#)" )$"3$#.8"#$#!#)")$"#$%,)+-&"3$%, #%5"+$3$*-%"%"&-2-%"#$#.8a0""
3 9$%-*-&"7#-("b$ 2*5"#$#.8")!"#$#.-%6)+%"!-*-';!-*-'"6%,")&- )(5"#$ )!&" %"#$#!#)"3;3"6%,")&- )(0"9$%,)+-&"'!#%"!- -"#$#.8")!"($#&;#&" #$#)%!+%"&- )(%"+$3"(-*"%"#$%,)+-&"'!#%"($+*%,"#$#.8".-+% !"#$*; #+%"#$#)%!+%"&- )(%"+$3"(-*"(!2".!+%"#$%%,+3"#+%"%"#$#!#)"3" 6%,").80"c $!")&-"$')%)()"#$#.8")!"#$%6-*+%"&- )(%5"#$%,#.)")()"%"')+)*%" 6%,"&$*&- )("%"#$#!#+%"+%-%,%%60":%&*"8)*)"3$#.8"6%,".)+")!_"
KLO"[$*+$-36%"-%&-+"8$3&"#$%,$% "3(&)"#+%"()#./ ;()#./ 5"./ $!"#$%6$.-&%65"./ $!" #$%,)&+%"%&*"()#./ 5"($.-&%"%"#+%"6%,")&- )(0""
KdO"9$#.8"$%,%"+$ 2-%"6%,"($(-)"$%,%".!%"6%,").80""
KeO"9$#.8"$%,%""&-2-%"))&-"2)+"&-2-%%6")!"-%&-+"($.-&%"6%,".$&- "? -3-%" .8%%6"#.&5"2)+"&-2-%%6"-%&-+"#$%8*)"'+&5")$"%")()"$%,%".8%"8$3&"&-"($3)%&("-0"" KfO"9$%,)%,&)"($#- "3"6%,"&$!").8"%"#$%8*)"+$%6&%"%"'+&;'+&"#"6&"6%,").80"" K^O"9$#.8")$;)$"-#-#" #"&$+("%"3 )+()"&-"+)&+%"$%,%"3$%, #%"3$#.80"" KgO"9$%,$&!-)"3"6%,"3$*-"-%&-+").80""
K]O"9$ ).&+%"3$#.$ 2*%5"*$%-%,%5"#$#.$*)"%))5"% )()(5"()%&$()(5"#$.$*)"#+ -#&5" #$#))!"#+ -#&"%"($&$*-(%60""
012 3 3 4567897567777657777565777787773
!
"#$%&'('()*#+$&,#+$&-(.#/0/#+&#/1%2%1%&3(-4#5##+6&%#&#/#+&-(.#/0/#+&3(-4#5##+&-(+$%/01& 1070#+&%#&-(-4#5#8&9+1#*#&7(+%'&4#5##+&,#+$&:%.#/0/#+&;#'%.&:#*%3#:#&1070#+&'('()*#+$&%10&-(-4#5#& %#.#;&4#5##+&4(*'0#*#6&4#5##+&'(+,#36&:#+&4#5##+&5)+1);&<4#$%&$0*0=8&
&
>?@??AB>CDEF?D?B
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
&
>?@??ABLCAM?NBB
"#5##+&7(+%'&%+%&%#.#;&4#5##+&,#+$&:%'0#*#/#+&:%&:#.#-&;#1%&:#+&1#+3#&'0#*#8&"#5##+&7(+%'&%+%& -(-4).(;/#+&'('()*#+$&-(+0-30/#+&3(*;#1%#+&,#+$&.(4%;&7%/#&:%4#+:%+$/#+&:(+$#+&7(+%'& 4#5##+&,#+$&:%#'&:#+&-(-(*.0/#+&/(H#;#-#+&'('()*#+$8&O(+%'&4#5##+&'(+,#3&%+%&:#3#1&-(.#1%;& -0*%:J-0*%:&-(-4#5#&:(+$#+&'(+:%*%&:#+&-(-#;#-%#&,#+$&:%4#5#&'(-(+1#*#&$0*0&30.#& 4).(;&-(-4#+10&:#+&-(-#+:0&-0*%:J-0*%:&,#+$&.(-#;8&&
&
>?@??ABPQARQSBT>?UVBWFDFXB
"#5##+&7(+%'&%+%&:%.#/0/#+&).(;&$0*0&4#$%&-(+0+70//#+&4#5##+&,#+$&4(10.&/(3#:#&3(.#7#*&'(4(.0-& -(-0.#/#+&3(+$#7#*#++,#8&
&
YZ[\ ]
^^ !
I(*:#3#1&.%-#&3(*%+$/#1&-(+$#7#*&4#5##+&,#+$&;#*0'&:%/(1#;0%&).(;&$0*0J$0*0&%#%10&3(*%+$/#1&-(+,(:%#/#+& -0*%:&3(*%+$/#1&-(+:%*%/#+&4#5##+&#'#'&3(*%+$/#1&-(-4%+#&'%/#3&$(-#*&-(-4#5#8&
&
Y_`abcdef^_bg_haedeb^i`ah
j0*0&;(+:#/.#;&-(+$(+#.&3#'1%&-0*%:J-0*%:&,#+$&#/#+&:%#7#*&'#-#&#:#&'0:#;&4(*'(:%#&0+10/& -(+(*%-#&3(.#7#*#+#0&4(.0-8&K0*%:J-0*%:&,#+$&4(*#:#&:%&:#.#-&'#10&/(.#'&'0:#;&1(+10&:#1#+$& :#*%3#:#&3(.4#$#%&.#3%'#+&-#',#*#/#18&k.(;&%106&$0*0&;(+:#/.#;&-(-4(*%/#+&3(*;#1%#+&/(3#:#& :0#&3(*/#*#&3(+1%+$&3#:#&-0*%:&%#%10&3(*#'##+&-0*%:&:#+&3(*1010*#+&-0*%:&'(-#'#&:%&*0-#;8&& &
Y_`abcdef^_bha`adebeleeb mem
n(*%+$/#1&%+%&-(-(*.0/#+&$0*0&-(-4(*%&3(+(/#+#+&3(+1%+$&1(*;#:#3&4#;#+J4#;#+&,#+$&;(+:#/&:%#7#*& '(3(*1%&-(+$$0+#/#+&$#-4#*#0&o#*+#Jo#*+#&,#+$&4).(;&-(+#*%/&-%+#1&-0*%:8&p(.#%+&%10&4#;#+& 4#5##+&;(+:#/.#;&4(*/#%1&*#3#1&:(+$#+&3(*'(/%1#*#+&:#+&3(+$#.#-#+&-0*%:&:#+&'('0#%&:(+$#+& 3(*/(-4#+$#+&7%o#&/#+#/J/#+#/8&&
&
qCDVAUr?RBsCt?RVSBsCuv?@?Bw?ABsCu?S?uBB
j0*0&;(+:#/.#;&-(+$$0+#/#+&4#;#+#0&%'%&4#5##+&,#+$&'('0#%&:(+$#+&3(*%+$/#1&0-0*&3(.#7#*8& x(-#;%*#+&-(-4#5#&40/#+&'#;#7#&-0*%:J-0*%:&:#3#1&-(+,(401&40+,%&1(1#3%&-('1%.#;&70$#&:#3#1& -(-#;#-%#&,#+$&:%4#5#8&"#5##+&;(+:#/.#;&:%'(*1#/#+&:(+$#+&')#.#+J')#.#+&,#+$&'('0#%&0+10/& -(+$07%&/(H#;#-#+&-0*%:J-0*%:&'(.(3#'&-(-4#5#8&&
&
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
9:;<=>?@ABC:DE<=@BF<?@GBH:D@;BC:DE@I@B
J!1'.%!(!%/'(&'1%/+ )'(*()%1+.'"'%.+()'7' '(%) %&'()%.'("'!%$+$!,!-%/'-'(#/'-'(% .+,'7' '(%&'()%/'!1%(*1%/'0''(%$ !"6%1'+"'-%$+()'7' %"'(%*+1(!1%.+()'7' '(%&'()%/'!1%"'(% 3+*+ 3(&'%/+ 7','(%3+.'(7'()%$ !"%!*%/+,'7' 4%J+1!'(&'%-',%!(!%/+ *+ 3'(%$'1'%'1'(%*+ /!('% "'(%*+ .+,!-' ','-%3!1'.%$!('*%(*1%$+$/'0'%"','$%1','()'(%$ !"4%%
%
KLMHNLOB
9PMHLQLRLMB
NPCLOSRLMB
CPCTLULB
V+ "'.'*%*!)'%.+ !()1'*%.+()'7' '(%(*1%1+$'-!'(%$+$/'0'6%!'!*%.+!()1'*%+("'-%.+!()1'*%.+*+(# )'-'(%.+ !()1'*%.+ *+()'-'(%"'(%,'(7*'(4% % 9:;<=>?@ABR:=W@XB 8')!%3+3+2 '()%) %&'()%!()!(%$+()'7'%/'0''(%$'1'%!'%.+,,'-%"!$,'1'(%"'!%/'Y'-%')'%!'%"'.'*%$+# $"'-1'(%.+,'7'%(*1%$+$.+,'7' !(&'6%.'"'%.+!()1'*%!(!%) %-+("'1,'-%$+$,'1'(%.+()'7' '(%3+# /')'!$'('%'1*!Z!*!%/+ !1*[% % \]^_`_^_abB c+()+(','(%- d%*())',%e '/%*'(.'%3!3*+$%/' !3%"'(%*'("'%!'!*%$+()+(',!%- d#- d%-!7'f!&&'-4% '('1','%.+,'13'(''(%'1*!Z!*!%'"','-%3+.+ *!%/+ !1*[% % ghi%j %$+((711'(%3+$'%- d%*())',%e '/%*'(.'%3!3*+$%*'("'%"'(%/' !34%% gki%j %$+$/'0'1'(%3+$'%- d%*())',%e '/%*+ 3+/*%"'(%$+$!(*'%$ !"%$+$/'0'% $+()!1*%02(*2-%/'0''(%) %3+0' '%'$'!%'*'%!("!Z!"4%% gli%j %$+()+"' 1'(%1'"%!$/'3'(%- d%*())',%e '/%.'"'%3+*!'.%$ !"4%%
gmi%j %$+$!(*'%Y'1!,%$ !"%(*1%$+(&+/*%3'*%- d%"'(%$ !"%&'()%$+$.(&'!%1'"% - d%*+ 3+/*%"!$!(*'%$+((711'((&'%"'(%$+('$.',1'((&'%"!%.'.'(%-!7'6%. 23+3%!(!% "!,'11'(%3+-!())'%3+,+3'!%3+$'%- d4%% % n2(*2-%- d#- d%*())',%e '/%*'(.'%*'("'%"'(%/' !3% 3 \]^_`_^_aoaa
012 3 3 4567897567777657777565777787773
! "# $!%&%!'(% &')'#(#&&%!)'*+),!)-# -()!'' ! ". ! "$!%'(&# # %!'(% ,!&)#--#&& %!)'' ,/( !)&&,#(&((%0 ! "&,!-#&%#& 0!*-'-#)1)#)2
3456 !( 7 -&((%0'( ! "# $!%%!%!)''#&)#'&(()# ( !)&.( !)&()- #'0!%!()&)&)1)& *
3856 ! ( 7 -&((%0'( ! "# $!%%!%!)''# &)%9& (()#( !)&.( !)&()- #/'0!!()&)&)1)& *
3:56 ! ( 7 -&((%0'( ! "# $!%%!%!)''# &)&,& (()#( !)&()- #/'0!%!()&)&)1)& *
3;56 !( 7 -&((%0 ! "# $!%/%!%!)''#&)#'<'#&)%9 &'#&)&,&()#( !)&()- #/'0!!()&)&)1)& *
3=56 !( 7 - ! "# $!%%!%!)'& &)#'<& &)%9&& &)&, &&'#! '/ ! "%!%!)'' - 3(#)5&'/&&3'%& 5&(()#( !)& ()- #/'0!%!()&)&)1)& *
3>56 !(&!-&)(%',%)%!)'-,&'#),( !)&&(()#( !)&((%0 ! "%!%!)'#!'% #'0!)&)1)& *?&.-&#!'% #%@&)# -!' ,/'#),( !)& &,#, ((%0 ! ". ! "/%!%A*
3B5C#! '/ ! ( 7 --'# ,!-#,%)%!)'&( !)&.( !)&&)()# ((%0/'0!)&)1)& &%!().!()*
3D5$,%)' &0!< !( 7 --%%!,,!-#/(& ) ! "%!'(% &%!)'/%!%A*E !)&&)()#((%0/'0!)&)1)& &%!().!()*
F@#@.0@#@ ! "&,!-#,%)%!)'
GG H
IJKLMNOPQHIJKQJMNPRPMH
$-#)1)#),!)-#,!#),#-'&/#( &*-'-#)1)#), ',!#)%!)- #2
3456 !(&!-,&,7!#-'( &&(/ ! ,7!((%0/'0!'/, &(#(,@/&)%!)-*
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
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
XY
Z[
\[
][
^
_
`
Xa
b`
[
]Y
c_
`
XY
Z[
][
d
ef
g_
`
X[
h[
iXY
jk
l
m
]Y
no
[
iX[
pq
n[
rX[
s`
[
tu
]q
d
v_
`
Xw
x
]y
v[
z
X{Y
|}
_
`
X
X
~
X
X
X
X
X
X
s`
tu
]w
v_
`
Xw
x
[
]y
v[
z
XY
|_
`
r
a
s`
[
]u
d
`
X
q
jd
d
X
o
[
X
Y
j
d
[
X
[
pq
n[
rX
Y
j
Y
X
q
h[
u
[
[
[
z
[
r
X
!
!G;
<;
;
;
;
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
!"#$% "&!'!"$"!&'(')%)*")+"$"#",")*('-"." ')*")!')*")**"(+"$"#" /"+% "&!'!+"0"&')%)*")12".")3-'$"%4 "5")#666!') "("%+"$"0" "!"&"-")*")! 7!&")*+'!)"%!'!+"8"+&+"$"#"/"+19)+'()8" "(" "('-".",")*&")*+'!)"%!'!('-"."+"$"#") ')*")-'+$!') "-"!1 ')%),"-"*:('-"."% "&!')).&&")!)"%&'")"!')*")**"(#+.'&)% "&
('-&") "-"!#+.'&7#+.'&,")*-")1
;<"$"((')*"#""),")*') "$#'%"&'&")*")-")#'('%&'8"8"%")!')%"- ")'!3#1 =2'-'!"$") ",")*"%")1>"$"#"/"+!'!(),"+"),"&$?7$?,")*$"!(#"!"
+),%'%"(+'-")")!"&$".#'('%$?@
A
B ")@C
@:@D
E
@ ")@D
F
@ ")-")7-")1 G'!+"8"!')*&%-3*$"% "'"$"%"&'-3!(3&!"#,""&"%1H2'- ')*")+"#7+"#(" "#'%"(&"-!"$#"!"" "+"#"%"#:+"0"$:$" "("):%")0) ")#'+"*"),"1I3)%3$),"#'('%","%J
KLC
D
MND
OPQRSC
D
TC
D
UV
WX
3Y/,"%)!'!'-&")(')*"#""))"$ ")#""?,")*+"&)%&!')')%&")+"##"!" " "+"#"%"#:+"0"$ ")#'+"*"),"+"*!')Z"$&")!"&)",")*+'%-12'#-"(")+"# "&")!'),'+"+&")+'+"$!"&)"(" "#'#'+"$","%1
[')%&"."),")* -"&&")3-'$\"Z5"!# );]:#&"(!"-"#! )%& !')*-")*&".+"8"") ")!'!+"%-"%$")" "-"$#"-"$#"%()8"!"#"-"$(')*"#"") ('-"."!'!+"8" ')*")+"&1
2'#!(-")),":+"*!'))*&"%&")&'!"$")!'!+"8"!*('-+'#"$"!'!('-+"*"&") &"' "$:%'&)& ")#%"%'*(')*"."")#'%"+"$")+")%!')*"." ")(')*"."") ")('!+'-"."") "-"!+"$"#"/"+1
^_`__ab
cadeafcgb
h_ab
eifdeafcgb
/("+-"! # "$!'!('3-'$"#"# "-"!&'!"$")!'!+"8"!"&"!''&"$') "&-"$ !'!+"8" ')*") ')*")-'+$!') "-"! ")!'-"#1>&")$"),"#'%"&"%!'!+"8"#'8"" &"%%'%"(.*"!'#%!'),'+%('&"%"")7('&"%"") ')*").'-"# ")%'("%:!')**)"&") )%3)"#:*"," ")%'&")"),")*+'%-%'%"(!'!"$"! ')*")+"&"(",")*!''&"+"8"1 "&":)%&!')8"("%"$"()-"%$")+"8"")#'8"")%')#? ")'&#%')#?+3-'$-"&#")"&")1
^jkjjlbclmnlopqb
>"8""))%')#?!'("&")+"8""),")*(" ""#"#),"+'%.")!')*'!+")*&")&'+3-'$") ('-"." "-"!!')'-%:!'!"$"! ")!')%"?#"(",")*+"8" ')*")%'("%#"!()*!')'&")&") &".")%'$" "(878%"%"+"$"#":(')**)"")('&"%"") ")('!"&"")+"$"#" "-"!&3)%'&# ,")*+'-")")1 7! +"#"),"!'!'-&")+!+)*") ")+")%")(')$ "(" " *%'%"!"!'),'-'#"&")!"#"-"$,")*$" "(3-'$! 1
3
irlonsb^jkjjlbclmnlopqb
'("&")#"%&'*"%")!'!+"8"+"0"$(!()")*1
;'!+'"#"#&'(" "*!').'-"#&")('&'!+")*")('+') "$""")&"%"1
=')*&".8%"%"+"$"#""%##)")&"%" "-"!","% ")(')*'%")!')%&"!#1 G')*'!+")*&")#"$"!')*"0"-(')**)"")+"$"#" "-"!('%%")1
!"#$!%!!"#&"'(")*+#
,-./01234/5657896:4;1/<69;=;>/5657;?;/@61A;1/7;B4C/D6239/@;>B/E6AB/E6732;1F/B1281;EBF/9;1?;>/ @;1/2;:3/561AA31;4;1/2;1@;/7;?;;1/@61A;1/7;B4C//
,G./01234/5657896:4;1/<69;=;>/561;HEB>/;<;/I;1A/@B7;?;C// ,J./K657;?;/E6?;>;/E61I;</@61A;1/46<;12;E;1/I;1A/E6L;=;>1I;C// ,M./K6573;2/>353E;1/;2;3/46EB5<39;1/@;>B<;@;/;<;/I;1A/269;:/@B7;?;C// /
(N"*N#O(P!N)!"!N!""Q!#
,-./D;:;1/7;?;;1/B1261EBH/7896:/@B7B1?;1A/76>E;5;/<69;=;>/@;9;5/469;E/@;1/@B;1;9BEBEC// ,G./R69;=;>/:61@;49;:/561AA31;4;1/4;53E/E67;A;B/>3=34;1/2;2;7;:;E;C//
,J./S42BTB2B/@;9;5/469;E/:61@;49;:/76>9;B1;1/E62B;</:;>B/E6<6>2B/:;>B/<6>2;5;/<61AA31;;1/B573:;1F/ :;>B/46@3;/9;2B:;1/>3=34/4;53EF/:;>B/462BA;F/5657;?;/@61A;1/9;=3/@;1/E67;A;B1I;C//
,M./U8;9;1/31234/7;?;;1/B1261EBH/B1B/7896:/@B<697;A;B4;1/E6<6>2B/761234/87=642BHF/76239/E;9;:F/ 9BE;1/;2;3/761234/=;L;<;1/76>239BEC//
/
$!%!!"#VN)'(")*+#
D;?;;1/64E261EBH/;@;9;:/7;?;;1/I;1A/56164;14;1/;42BTB2B/5657;?;/I;1A/@B9;434;1/@B/93;>/469;EC/ W;/7B;E;1I;/561B2B476>;24;1/;E<64/<61A343:;1/;E;E/7;?;;1F/561;57;:/465;:B>;1/565;:;5B/ @;1/561;;439/BEB/7;?;;1F/561B1A4;24;1/46<;12;E;1/5657;?;F/5657B1;/@;1/5653<34/5B1;2/ 5657;?;/@;1/467896:;1/56562B4/BEBXBEB/<612B1AC/K616>3EB/7;?;;1/B1B/<69;=;>/;4;1/561@;<;2/ 46<3;E;1/@;1/46E6>8184;1C// / YZ")([#$!%!!"#VN)'(")*+#
,-./W;/56>3<;4;1/46AB;2;1/5657;?;/@B/93;>/469;E/E6?;>;/76>E61@B>B/2;1<;/7B57B1A;1/A3>3C// ,G./D;?;;1/64E261EBH/561A;1@;B4;1/<69;=;>/5657;?;/7;:;1/2;1<;/46E34;>;1F/56>;E;/46<3;E;1/
@;1/E6>8184/31234/5657;?;C//
,J./D;:;1/7;?;;1/E6E3;B/@61A;1/5B1;2F/353>/@;1/<61A;9;5;1/<69;=;>C// ,M./D;:;1/7;?;;1/64E261EBH/:;>3E/@;>B/7;:;1/7;?;;1/I;1A/76>76\;/E62B;</:;>BC// /
!"#$!%!!"#VN)'(")*+#
,-./K657896:4;1/<69;=;>/5657;?;/E61@B>B/2;1<;/7B57B1A;1/A3>3C// ,G./K657896:4;1/<69;=;>/5657;?;/@61A;1/H;EB:C//
,J./01234/565<6>4;I;/7;:;E;/@;1/<6>761@;:;>;;1/4;2;F/E2>3423>/;I;2/@;1/9;B1X9;B1C//
,M./K6576>B/<693;1A/53>B@/I;1A/967B:/?6>@;E/31234/5693;E4;1/7;?;;1/@;1/5657B1;/@;I;/4>6;2BHC// ,]./01234/561B1A4;24;1/5323/@;1/46<;12;E;1/5657;?;/E6>2;/565<6>2B1A4;24;1/2;:;</<61A3;E;;1/
7;:;E;C//
/
(N"*N#$!%!!"#&"'(")*+#
^BE67;74;1/<69;=;>/5657;?;/2;1<;/7B57B1A;1/A3>3/5;4;/A3>3/;@;9;:/E67;A;B/<657;123/;2;3/ <6>31@B1A/;<;7B9;/@B<6>934;1C/_3>3/:61@;49;:/561A6EI8>4;1/<69;=;>/565B9B:/7;:;1/7;?;;1/ I;1A/E6E3;BC/K6>64;/=3A;/:61@;49;:/@B9;2B:/561AB432/2641B4/76>B432`/
/
,-./R69;=;>/:61@;49;:/561A4;=B/4;1@31A;1/7;:;1/7;?;;1/@61A;1/561@;<;24;1/265;/;2;3/<6>E8;9;1/ <8484C//
,G./K6573;2/E8;9;1/76>@;E;>4;1/7;:;1/7;?;;1/56>64;C// ,J./K657;?;/E69;=3/I;1A/7896:C//
,M./K6573;2/46EB5<39;1/26>:;@;</BEBXBEB/<612B1A/7;:;1/7;?;;1/I;1A/@B/7;?;C// /
010 2 2 34567896456666546696645466966766962
!"# "
!"
$%
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`a`GZ[b`a`^a`c^_`[dd^ef`a+ g/-0/6+1'1+3-7().)/'+,-'<1'</(*/'+8-8-@7/'<+8):/;/+8-0/7+().)/'+:-,3/4//'+(-78-3)(+0/'+0/:/(+ ,-'./01*/'+:-,3/4//'';/+5-316+3-7*-8/'O++2
Zhi^j^Z[d^[$Zaf^k`l^k` ?-,3/4/+0-'</'+:-')6+(),:)/'+/</7+0/:/(+,-,:-7@5-61+181+3/4//'+;/'<+01*-6-'0/*1O+m'1+ 0/:/(+,-'<-5/*/'+8-8-@7/'<+1()+,-,3/4/';/+3-7)5/'<+*/51+/*13/(+(10/*+,-'<-'/5+:/8(1+181+;/'<+ 01*-6-'0/*1O++ nhno^[b^[p_^[d^[ q),)8/'+013)/(+8-3-5),+8-8-@7/'<+1()+,-'/,/(*/'+:-,3/4//'';/O+r-3/1*s+3/1*+7),)8/'+ /0/5/6+7),)8/'+;/'<+013)/(+,-'<<)'/*/'+/;/(+8-'01719+1'1+,-')'.)**/'+:-,/6/,/'+0/'+1'</(/'+ 8-8-@7/'<+(-76/0/:+3/6/'+;/'<+013/4/';/O++ +^[d^[`^o^_^fZhi^j^Z[d^[$ZaeZo^[
r-8-@7/'<+1()+:-75)+31./*+,-'/'</'1+,/8/5/6+;/'<+(1,3)5+8-,/8/+,-,3/4/9+/'(/7/';/+8-:-7(1+ 615/'<+,1'/(+)'()*+,-,3/4/9+,-'</'()*9+615/'<+(),:)/'+(-76/0/:+3/6/'+3/4//'+0/'+8-3/</1';/O++
t
Gka^kZd`Zhi^j^ Zeo
r(7/(-<1+,-,3/4/+(-*8+8/'</(+01:-75)*/'+/</7+0/:/(+,-'1'<*/(*/'+(/6/:+:-'<)/8//'+,-,3/4/O+ u-5/./7+8-5/5)+3-76/0/:/'+0-'</'+,/8/5/6+,-,3/4/+*-7/'/+(10/*+,-'<)/8/1+'/6)+;/'<+3-()59+ :-73-'0/6/7//'+*/(/+;/'<+3-()5+0/'+.)</+,/*'/+/;/(+/(/)+*/51,/6+;/'<+013/4/O+&'()*+,-'0/:/(*/'+ :-,3/4//'+;/'<+3/1*9+:-,3/4/+:-75)+,-'<<)'/*/'+8(7/(-<1+,-,3/4/+/</7+:7@8-8+,-,3/4/+ /*/'+5-316+,)0/6+0/'+:-75)+3-5/./7+4/7/+,-,3/4/+;/'<+-W-*(1W+8-7(/+,-'<1'</(*/'+*/'0)'</'+ ;/'<+013/4/O++
+
Gka^kZd`Zhi^j^v^[dwZek`w
x/';/*+8(7/(-<1+;/'<+-W-*(1W+)'()*+,-,3/'()+*-3-7*-8/'/'+:7@8-8+:-,3/4//'O+x/<1+:-,3/4/+ ;/'<+3/1*+:-'<<)'//'+(1</+8(7/(-<1+8)0/6+,-,/0/1O+u-'<<)'//'+8(7/(-<1+;/'<+3-73-y/+8/'</(+ 8-8)/1+0/'+/*/'+,-,3/'()+:-,3/4/+;/'<+*71(1*/5+(-76/0/:+:-,3/4//'O+A'(/7/+8(7/(-<1+(-78-3)(+ 1/1()9+:-,3/4/+01</5/**/'+,-';-01/*/'+:-'+0/'+*-7(/8+3/<1+,-,)0/6*/'+:-,3/4/+,-'<<)'/*/'';/+/:/315/+ 01:-75)*/'O+m'1+018-3/3*/'+8-,/8/+,-,3/4/9+:-,3/4/+:-75)+,-'4/(/(+:-7*/7/+;/'<+:-'(1'<+ )'()*+017).)*+315/+01:-75)*/'O+m'1+/*/'+,-'./01*/'+:-,3/4/+5-316+,-'<1'</(1+W/*(/+;/'<+:-'(1'<O++
3 !"#$%$&'("&#)*+'%'#$%$,&-&#,%*.&/'!/#0%/&#,&("1#&0&.&2#.%,(2#,&("#)%$,&-&# $%(3&!#'%,%.!$#$%$,&-&4#5%$,&-&#)%*.!#$%$,&-&#)%/%&.�&#"%'($)!.&1#'%.%)&'#(!# "%$,&.(#'%$!.&#$%$,&-&#"%'%.!*!2&# %"'# %*'%,! #&/&*#)%$,&-&&# &0(#.%,(2#,%*"%'�&# 0&)& #$%/%'&#('(#,&-&&#%*'%,! 4##
3 6 *& %/(#.&(1#,&/(#$%0&)& "&#"%'&/#.%,(2#$%0&.&$1#)%$,&-&#,+.%2.&2#$%/($,&'# %"'#7&/#0(,&-&4#6 *& %/(#((#&"&#$%$,& !#)%$,&-&#.%,(2#8+"!'#,&/(#)%*"&*&/#)% (/1# 0%/&#((#$&".!$& #)% (/#&"�&)& #0(,%*("&#)%*2& (&/#.%,(2#'%,%.!$#$%$,&-&#'%-&*&# "%'%.!*!2&4##
3 9)&,(.&#'!"&*#$%$&2&$(# %"'1#)%$,&-&#)%*.!.&2#$%$)%*.&2&"&#"%.&3!&#$%$,&-&4# :&*&#((#&"&#.%,(2#$%$!0&2"&#)%$,&-&#$%7%$&"#'%$!.&#,&-&&4#;&/(#%"'#7&/#'!"&*#0(8&2&$(# '%)%*(#,&2&'	*&,1#)%$,&-&#)%*.!#$% %*3%$&2"&#,&2&/#0(,&-&#"%)&0&#,&2&'&/# $!0&2#0(8&2&$(#0%/&#$%!.('#%"'#&.%*& (8#,%*!3!&#$%$!0&2"&#)%$,&-&4##
3 ;%*0&'&*"&#'*& %/(#%*'%,! 1#)%$,&-&#,+.%2.&2#$%$(.(2#'*& %/(#7&/#0(*&'&"&#'%'!&(#'!)&7&# !3!&#)%$,&-&&/#,%*"%'�&)& #0(#-&)&(#0&#'%"&.(/!'#0&)& #$%<!3!0"&#$&'7&*&"& # 7&/#,%*)%/% &2!&4##
#
=>?@ABCDEFG
G
H%$&2(*&#$%$,&-�&.&$#)%/&3&*�&#)%$,%.&3&*&#,&2&'	*&,#0(#'%"+.&2#$&'(2#,%*&0&# )&0&# &2&)#.%$&2#"%*&&#)%.&3&*# (0&"#0&)& #$%/!&'&(#"%$&2(*&#,&2&'&#((#0('%,&,"&# "!*&/#,%*$(& # %*2&0&)#,&2&'	*&,#0(#'&$)(/#"!*&/#)%//!&&#,&2&'&#((#0&.&$#(I
%*&"'(#'%2&*(&4#J%*%"&7&#$%$)%.&3&*(#0(#'%"+.&2#0%/&#$&'&/# %*2&0#0&#"!*&/# "%'%0&*&#% &/#"%)% (/&#,&2&'&#((#$%3&0("&#)%$,%.&3&*&#,&2&'&#((#,%*&0�(#&2&)# 7&/#$&'(2#.%$&24#K&.&!)!#"!*&/#(%*&"'(#0&.&$#,&2&'&#((1# % &)(#"%$&2(*&#,%*,&2&'&# 9*&,#&$& #)% (/#0("!&'&(#+.%2#)%.&3&*#&/&*#$%*%"�&)& #$%$,&-&#&.IL!*�%/&#,&("#"%*I &&#,&2&'	*&,#&0&.&2#,&2&'&#&.IL!*&4#M.%2#(!#'%"+.&2#&/&$&#$%$&("&#)%*&&/# )% (/#0&.&$#)*+'%'#)%$,%.&3&*&#,&2&'	*&,#((#&/&*#0&)& #0("!&'&(#+.%2#)%.&3&*#0&# )% (/7&#)%.&3&*#$%/!&'&(#"%$&2(*&#$%$,&-�&.&$#,&2&'	*&,4#
#
3
NCOC=EF3
H&$&*!0(#P!'(4#QRST4#U9V4W594W5XV7Y6%.&/+*Z#5%%*,(&# 6&*3&&#[J\#60#;204#
H&$&*!0(#P!'(4#QRRS4#4968XV7]459VYH!&.&#^!$)!*Z#H!$)!.&#;!0($ɜ#;204## J& #P!0&!'(4#QRRR4#_7V4W594W5XV75986V]76V _V98`5VX5a654#(b%*'((#c%"+.+/(#J&.&7'(&Z#c%'('#6&*3&&# J!0&4##
d&e*(#6&$'!0(4#fgQQ4#H&3(&#c(0&"&Z#_8UV85_h45XV7 59i]j5[QklQflfgQQ\4#
H&$!'#m%<&#n0('(#H%0!&4#fggR4#H!&.&#^!$)!*Z#m%<&#;&2&'�!'&"&4##
J&*e(&<& (#o#p(&2#,((#J&*0&4#fggq4#UV85_h9_879XV75 98U4W5986V_V7r89iVas6V65XV54#(b%*'((#c%"+.+/(# J&.&7'(&Z#c%'('#6&*3&&#J!0&4#
