PROSIDING
KONGRES INTERNASIONAL
MASYARAKAT LINGUISTIK INDONESIA
(KIMLI) 2018
Universitas Papua
Manokwari, 13-16 Agustus 2018
ISSN 2614-7769
Penyunting:
PROSIDING
KONGRES INTERNASIONAL
MASYARAKAT LINGUISTIK INDONESIA
(KIMLI 2018)
Penyunting:
Katharina Endriati Sukamto
Universitas Papua
Manokwari, 13-16 Agustus 2018
ii
DAFTAR ISI
Kata Pengantar ……….……….. i Daftar Isi ……….………... ii GRATITUDE EXPRESSION IN BUGIS LANGUAGE
Ahmad Adha ... 1 LINGUISTIC BASED CUES IN DETECTING DECEPTION IN INDONESIAN
Ahmad Adha ……….…. 6 PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER BANGSA DI SMA MELALUI PENGEMBANGAN NASKAH LAMA NUSANTARA “MAWA’IZ AL BADI” SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR
Ahmad Laut Hasibuan ………..………. 11 PENELITIAN KORPUS: KAJIAN BAHASA DAN METODOLOGI
Benedictus B. Dwijatmoko ………..…….. 16 PEWARISAN FONEM VOKAL PROTO AUSTRONESIA KE BAHASA KARO
Dardanila dan Isma Tantawi ……….….…... 21
APPLYING SYSTEMIC FUNCTIONAL LINGUISTICS OF PARTICIPANTS
REPRESENTATION IN NEWS ABOUT INDONESIA IN BBC WORLD WEBNEWS
Diah Supatmiwati ………..…. 25 PERADABAN KOMUNIKASI BERBASIS KEARIFAN NASIONAL DAN KEARIFAN
LOKAL PADA MASYARAKAT MULTIBUDAYA
Dian Eka Chandra Wardhana ……….… 30 PEWARISAN LINIER DAN PEWARISAN INOVATIF LEKSIKON BAHASA
PROTOAUSTRONESIA DALAM BAHASA PAKPAK DAN BAHASA KARO
Dwi Widayati, Rosliana Lubis ……….. 37 LEKSIKON KULINER SEBAGAI CERMIN BUDAYA KULINER MASYARAKAT
MELAYU PESISIR TIMUR SUMATERA UTARA
Dwi Widayati ……….……… 43 SEMANTIC MEANING OF SUFFIXES IN KARO LANGUAGE
Efendi Barus ………..………. 50 THE ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING AND CODE MIXING USED IN TOBA BATAK
RADIO PROGRAM
Ely Hayati Nasution, Roswita Silalahi ……….…. 55
FENOMENA KATA SERAPAN DALAM MEDIA ONLINE KOMPAS.COM
Esther Hesline Palandi ……….……….………. 59 PEMETAAN DIALEK BAHASA MANDURO KECAMATAN KABUH KABUPATEN
JOMBANG JAWA TIMUR
iii
PREPOSISI DI ATAU PREFIKS DI-?: STUDI KASUS HASIL UKBI SEKSI IV MENULIS PADA GURU SMP DI BEKASI, JAWA BARAT
Exti Budihastuti ………. 69 ANCANGAN NEUROPSIKOLINGUISTIK TERHADAP PENYIMPANGAN MEMBACA KOSA KATA DASAR BAHASA INDONESIA PADA PENDERITA DISLEKSIA
Gustianingsih, Ali ……..……….….……. ………. 73
UNSUR PENEGASAN DAN PEMFOKUSAN (TORITATE) DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA Hara Mayuko ……….…… 79 WACANA KOHESI PADA KARYA SASTRA CERITA RAKYAT “MARGA PURBA”
KABUPATEN KARO PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA
Hariadi Susilo, Mardiah Mawar Kembaren ……….……….. 84 SOUND PATTERN OF INDONESIAN PLOSIVES
Huili Li, I. Praptomo Baryadi, I Dewa Putu Wijana ……….……… 90 IMPOLITENESS WITHIN POLITENESS
I Gusti Ayu Gde Sosiowati ………... 97 REDUPLIKASI DALAM BAHASA BALI: REVALUASI MODEL ANALISIS
I Ketut Darma Laksana ………. 101
THREE ARGUMENT VERB IN JAPANESE AND BALINESE I Made Budiana, I Nyoman Rauh Artana ………. 106
CULTURAL SCRIPTS IN THE BALINESE FOLKLORE "PAN BALANG TAMAK": STUDY BASED ON DIMENSIONS OF CULTURAL MEANING
I Made Netra ………. 110 PERGESERAN BAHASA BALI DALAM KEANEKARAGAMAN BAHASA DI DENPASAR I Made Suastra, I Ketut Tika, Ni Luh Nyoman Seri Malini, I Made Sena Darmasetiyawan ……… 116 KEKERASAN VERBAL DALAM TEKS FORENSIK BAHASA INDONESIA
I Wayan Pastika ………. 123 THE TENSE MARKER IN BALIM AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES (Contrastive Analysis)
Ice Kosay ……….………. 128 BAHASA PAKPAK DAIRI: KEDWIBAHASAAN PENUTURNYA
Ida Basaria, Namsyah Hot Hasibuan, Yulianus Harefa ……….…….……….. 133 ANALISIS MORFO-SEMANTIK NAMA DIRI PERANTAU ASAL ETNIS MBOJO (BIMA) DI SULAWESI SELATAN
Ikhwan M. Said ……….……….………… 139 MEMBONGKAR PESAN HEGEMONIS DIBALIK LIRIK LAGU “SALAM” OLEH RAS
MUHAMAMAD – SEBUAH ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS
Iriano Yedija Petrus Awom ………..………. 146 KUASA ADAT ATAS BAHASA: MENEROPONG VITALITAS BAHASA WOLIO
DI KOTA BAUBAU, SULAWESI TENGGARA
iv
FONOTAKTIK DAN PEMBENTUKAN SUKU KATA BAHASA SANGIR
Jenny Pakasi, Evi Martika D. Kasiahe ……….. 158 GRAMMATICAL MEANINGS OF CLAUSES WITH DIFFERENT WORD-ORDERS IN
MINANGKABAUNESE
Jufrizal ……….……….. 166 BENTUK KONVERGENSI DAN INTEGRASI MORFOSINTAKSIS BAHASA MAKASSAR TERHADAP BAHASA INDONESIA DI KOTA MAKASSAR
Kamsinah, Muhammad Darwism , Muhammad Ali Imran ……..………. 172
PE- AND PEN-: A CORPUS BASED ANALYSIS IN ALLOMORPHY
Karlina Denistia and R. Harald Baayen ……….………… 179 THE SYNTAX OF BALINESE ADVERBIAL VERBS
Ketut Artawa, Ketut Widya Purnawati ………. 184 KEBHINEKAAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Lindawati ……….………….. 188 KEBERTERIMAAN DAN KEBERMANFAATAN KOSAKATA BARU
BAHASA INDONESIA SERAPAN DARI BAHASA ASING
M. Zaim ………. 193 PERAN BAHASA DALAM BISNIS PARIWISATA DI DAERAH BALI
Made Budiarsa ………..……… 199 CAUSATIVE AND APPLICATIVE CONSTRUCTION IN BIMANESE
Made Sri Satyawati, I Nyoman Kardana, Ketut Widya Purnawati ……….……….. 205 MANAGING THE FUTURE OF PAPUA: FOLKLORE, NATIVE POLITICKING, RESOURCE CONFLICT AND LEGAL PLURALISM IN TELUK WONDAMA AND TELUK BINTUNI
Marlon Arthur Huwae, Olivia Ursula Waren ……… 209 NEOLOGISME, PEMBAKUAN, DAN PELESTARIAN BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM
KAMUS BESAR BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM JARINGAN 2016 (Tinjauan Awal)
Mohamad Afrizal ……….. 214 ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PENGGUNAAN PEMARKAH KALA, ASPEK, DAN MODALITAS DALAM PEMBENTUKAN KALIMAT BAHASA BUGIS DAN BAHASA MAKASSAR
Muhammad Darwis, Kamsinah, Muhammad Nurahmad ………. 221 KOSAKATA SERAPAN DALAM BAHASA MELAYU LANGKAT
Muhizar Muchtar ……….……….. 226 KATA DIRIA DALAM BAHASA KUBU DAN PROYEKSINYA DALAM
BAHASA INDONESIA
Natal P. Sitanggang ………..…….……… 230 CERITA LEGENDA RAKYAT BUGIS
Nensilianti ………..………...……… 234 DINAMIKA LEKSIKON KEPISANGAN DALAM BAHASA BALI:
KAJIAN EKOLINGUISTIK (STUDI PENDAHULUAN)
v
WACANA RITUAL DAN IMPLIKASINYA PADA PEMERTAHANAN BAHASA DAN BUDAYA ETNIK RONGGA DI MANGGARAI TIMUR, NTT
Ni Wayan Sumitri ……….………. 244 ANALISIS BAHASA NASKAH MELAYU LAMA: HIKAYAT RAJA JUMJUMAH
Nurhayati Harahap ………….……… 250 LANSKAP LINGUISTIK PENGUNAAN BAHASA DI RUANG-RUANG PUBLIK: SEBUAH KAJIAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN MULTIMODAL
Oktavianus ……….… 255 FUNGSI BAHASA NONVERBAL DALAM KOMUNIKASI VERBAL LISAN PADA ETNIS JAWA: SUATU KAJIAN PRAGMATIK
Pranowo ……….…… 261 PEMEROLEHAN BAHASA DAN DESKRIPSI KAMUS MENTAL SISWA
SEKOLAH DASAR PENUTUR BAHASA IBU: BAHASA BALI DAN DAYAK NGAJU KAJIAN LINGUISTIK SISTEMIK FUNGSIONAL
Putu Sutama, Maria Arina Luardini ……….………..……….…. 268 PHATIC CONSTELLATION IN THE INDONESIAN NATURAL RELIGIOUS TEXTS
WITH SPECIFIC CULTURE BACKGROUND
R. Kunjana Rahardi …..….………...….………… 274
KOK AND KENAPA: THEIR CO-OCCURENCES WITH PRAGMATIC MARKERS IN
COLLOQUIAL JAKARTAN INDONESIAN
Rika Mutiara ………..……… 280 AKRONIM BAHASA INDONESIA DAN BAHASA MELAYU BRUNEI DALAM KAJIAN MORFOLOGI (PEMBENTUKAN AKRONIM)
Risnawaty, Sri Sulistyawati, Hj. Fatimah bt Hj Awang Chuchu Rosmawati Harahap ………. 285 HAK BAHASA PENUTUR REMAJA: BAHASA KIDS ZAMAN NOW VERSUS
KEBIJAKAN BAHASA
Riza Sukma ……… 288 UNPACKING CULTURAL CONCEPTUALISATIONS IN TOK PISIN
Selmina Rumawak ………. 293 PERGESERAN NAMA DIRI SUKU SASAK, MENCERMATI DINAMIKA PERUBAHAN
BUDAYA
Siti Djuwarijah ……….. 299 IMPLIKATUR PADA MEME BAHASA MELAYU MANADO
Stefanie Humena ……….……….………..….. 302 IMPLEMENTASI MAKNA SIMBOLIS PERNIKAHAN ADAT JAWA PADA MASYARAKAT JAWA DI KECAMATAN HAMPARAN PERAK KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Sulhati ……… 306 KESANTUNAN DALAM BERINTERAKSI MASYARAKAT MANDAILING
vi
PRAANGGAPAN EKSISTENSIAL DALAM WACANA PENYIDIKAN: KAJIAN LINGUISTIK FORENSIK
T. Silvana Sinar dan Sarma Panggabean ……….……….. 318 MULTIFUNCTIONALITY OF DIRECTIONALS IN DELA:
AN AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGE OF EASTERN INDONESIA
Thersia Tamelan ……… 324 THE PERSPECTIVES OF IDIOMATIC EXPRESSION “ANAK ANJING” IN IRERES
COMMUNITY
Yafet Syufi ……….……… 330 FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI KUALITAS RUMUSAN PERNYATAAN
POSISI PADA TULISAN ARGUMENTATIF MAHASISWA DENGAN LATAR BELAKANG KULTUR HETEROGEN
Yuliana Setyaningsih, R. Kunjana Rahardi .……...……….………...….….... 333 ON THE COMPLEXITIES OF NUMERALS AND QUANTIFIERS IN YAPEN LANGUAGES Yusuf Sawaki, Sara Karubaba ………..………. 338 ‘PRECATEGORIALITY’ AND VALENCY: INSIGHTS FROM BALINESE
AND INDONESIAN
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THE SYNTAX OF BALINESE ADVERBIAL VERBS Ketut Artawa & Ketut Widya Purnawati
Udayana University
[email protected], [email protected]
ABSTRAK
The focus of this paper is on adverbial verbs in Balinese. The result of the analysis showed that Balinese adverbial verbs can be classified into: manner adverbial verbs, temporal adverbial verbs, frequency adverbial verbs, and directional adverbial verbs. The base forms of the manner adverbial verb are adjectives, demonstratives, numerals, and classifiers. The time adverbial verbs can be formed from time units indicating parts of the day. The base forms of the frequency adverbials can be the time units like day, week, month, and year for a quantifying frequency, whereas a complex base that indicates once, twice, three times in English are the base forms for a cardinal frequency. Proportional frequencies that can be distinguished into high, middle, and low frequency are formed from words indicating frequency such as sai ‘always, kapah ‘rarely’, etc. Syntactically, the adverbial verb form in Balinese can undergo morphological changes in accordance with the voice of the main verb that the adverbial verb modifies. Thus the adverbial verb can be in objective and agentive voice. Keywords: adverbial verb, unmarked verb, marked verb, objective voice, agentive voice
INTRODUCTION
The form-function distinction plays an important role in describing clause structures of every language. Syntactically, adverbials are both mobile and optional. The adverbial function covers notions such as place, time and manner and can be realized by different categories of word, phrase or clause. In English, for instance, time can be expressed by an adverb (She went home afterwards), a prepositional phrase (She went home after the meeting) or a clause (She went home after the meeting
concluded). Balinese is unusual in that the adverbial function in the clause can be filled by verbs that
modify the lexical verb. This is a descriptive typological study relevant to and significant for the understanding of the typology of adverbial verbs in Balinese as well as similar phenomena in some other Austronesian languages.
Balinese is an agglutinative language in which prefixes and suffixes serve to mark derivation and to mark voice on verbs. There are three voices: objective voice, agentive voice and passive voice. The following are examples of the objective and agentive voice.
Objective voice
(1) Nasi goreng beli cang.
rice fry buy 1SG
‘Fried rice I bought/ I bought fried rice’ Agentive voice
(2) Cang meli nasi goreng. [N-beli]
1SG buy rice fry
‘I bought fried rice’
The objective voice is morphologically unmarked and the default option. The agentive voice is marked by a nasal prefix, which in this case results in the initial b- of beli being replaced by a homorganic m.
RESEARCH METHOD
The data sources in this study are short stories collections and narative texts from Balinese weekly newspaper, Bali Orti. Several data were also obtained by using elicitation technique. The collected data were classified according to the form of the adverbial verbs then the data were descriptively analysed.
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SEMANTIC CLASSIFICATIONS OF ADVERBIAL VERBS
It seems that there are different ways of classifying adverbials across languages. Before classifying Balinese adverbial verbs in Balinese, the semantic classifications of adverbial in English are introduced because the English adverbials have been intensively studied. Quirk et al. (1985:479) in their comprehensive grammar of English language distinguished seven main categories of semantic classifications for the adverbials in English. Those semantic classifications are space, time, process, respect, contingency, modality and degree. Each of these types is further sub-classified. Only the relevant semantic classifications are briefly described here. Those are the space, time and process semantic classifications. The following are examples adopted form Quirk, et.al. (1985: 481-482). Space
(3) a. He lay on his bed (position) b. They drove westwards (direction)
c. He walked (down the hill) to the shop (goal) Time
(4) a. He was there last week (position)
b. I will be staying here till next week (duration) c. Well, I like to go frequently…. (frequency) Process
(5) a. The student was politely assessed by the teacher (manner)
b. The student was carefully treated by the nurse (agent) medically (means) with a well-tried
drug (instrument)
Balinese adverbial verbs are classified into (1) manner adverbial verbs (as one of process types), (2) time adverbial verbs (as one of time types), (3) frequency adverbial verbs (as one of time types), and (4) directional adverbial verbs (as one of the space types).
Manner adverbial verbs
In many languages, manner adverbs are derivable from adjectives by means of a fairly productive process of derivational morphology. For instance, in English, adverbs of manner can be formed from adjectives by using the derivational suffix-ly: cold/coldly, loud/loudly.
(6) a. She spoke to him coldly. b. They began arguing loudly.
The base of the manner adverbial verb in Balinese can be an adjective, a demonstrative, a numeral, or a classifier.
a. Adjective base
(7) Dék Joni énggal-énggal malaib uli ba duuran.
Dék Joni quick-quick run from above
‘Dek Joni runs quickly from the above direction’
(Ngurug Pasih, 2014: 36) (8) Ngénggalang Bapak guru-né pesu ka sisi.
N-quick-ang father teacher-DEF come out to out
‘The teacher came out quickly’
(Ngurug Pasih, 2014: 31) b. Demonstrative base
The following are examples of manner adverbial demonstrative verbs. (9) Keneang mungkus nasi-ne!
do like this N-wrap rice-DEF ‘Wrap the rice like this.’
(10) Sapunikiang tiang ngodot be
do like this 1SG N-cut meat ‘I cut the meat like this’
Kongres Internasional Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia 2018 Manokwari, 13-16 Agustus 2018
186 c. Numeral base
The following are some examples. (11) Besikang ngaba pamineh
one-ang bring thought ‘Unite your thought’
(12) Naduanin ia nyemak gae
N-two-in 3SG take work
‘She/he has two jobs’
Time adverbial verbs
The following are examples of time adverbial verb. (13) Sampun nyansan ngwengiang ipun rauh.
already getting N-night-ang 3SG come ‘He has come later at the night.’
(Bali Orti, 22 November 2015: 17) (14) Nglemahang ia majalan ka carik
N-daytime-ang 3SG walk to rice field ‘He walked to the rice field later at the day time’
Frequency adverbial verbs
Pan (2010) proposed that the notion of frequency can be divided into three classifications. Those are a quantifying frequency, a cardinal frequency, and a proportional frequency. The proportional frequency can be classified into high frequency, medial frequency, and low frequency. Each of these classifications will be explained below.
a. Quantifying Frequency
The following are some examples.
(15) Ia nglemeng ngayah dadi pragina arja.
3SG N-day N-serve become dancer arja
‘He serves as an Arja dancer every day.’
(Ngurug Pasih, 2014: 2) (16) Kadén Gek Yani ané suba ngaminggu mulih.
QUEST Gek Yani REL already N-week go home
‘Gek Yani goes home every week, doesn’t she?’
(Bali Orti, 9 June 2013: 7) b. Cardinal Frequency
This is shown in the following examples.
(17) a. Suba ping pendo-ang cang ngango tali-ne
Already twice-ang 1SG N-use rope-DEF
‘I have used the rope twice’
b. * Suba ming pendo-ang cang ngango tali-ne
Already N-twice-ang 1SG N-use rope-DEF
‘I have used the rope twice’ c. Proportional Frequency (High, Medial, Low)
The following are examples of Proportional Frequency (18) a. Ia kapah teka mai
3SG rarely come here ‘S/he rarely comes here.’
b. Kapahang teka mai!
Rare-ang come here
Kongres Internasional Masyarakat Linguistik Indonesia 2018 Manokwari, 13-16 Agustus 2018
187 c. Ia ngapahang teka mai
3SG N-rare-ang come here
‘S/he rarely comes here.’
(lit. S/he ‘become rare’ comes here’)
Directional adverbial verbs
This verbalized adverb is clearly modifying the head predicate. Consider the following sentences: (19) Murid-muride ngajanang majalan
student-PL-DEF northwards walk ‘The students walk northwards.’
In this particular example, the motion verb majalan is combined with the verbalized direction adverb, ngajanang. This clause may be expressed in two different ways in Balinese.
(20) Murid-murid-e ngajanang
student-Pl-DEF northwards ‘The students are going north.’
(21) Ia ngelodang negakin sepeda
3SG southwards N-sit on bike ‘She went southwards riding a bike.’
CONCLUSION
Balinese shows productive ways of forming adverbial verbs using the –ang and –in suffixes form different word classes. The adverbial verbs found in Balinese are manner, time, frequency and
directional adverbial verb. The manner adverbial verbs can be derived from an adjective base, demonstrative base, numeral base or classifier base. For the time adverbial verb, the base form can be the time unit such as day, week, month, or year. This kind of adverbial verb only occurs in an agentive voice verb form. For the frequency adverbial verb, the compound expressions that show cardinal frequency can be verbalized to form a frequency time adverbial verb. An adverb that indicates frequency like the word often in English can also be verbalized. Words that indicate direction can be verbalized in Balinese to form a directional adverbial verb. The unmarked position of the adverbial verb is between the subject and the predicate (the main verb). The fronted and the final positions are marked positions. The adverbial verb can be in an objective verb form as well as in an agentive verb form.
REFERENCES
Adelaar, Alexander. 2005. Malayo-Sumbawan. Oceanic Linguistics 22.357-388.
Artawa, Ketut. 1994. Ergativity and Balinese syntax. Melbourne: La Trobe University doctoral dissertation. Artawa, Ketut and Blake, Barry. 1997. Patient primacy in Balinese. Studies in Language, 483-508.
Dixon, R.M.W. 2010.Basic Linguistic Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Kersten, J. 1984. Bahasa Bali. (Balinese Language), Ende: Nusa Indah.
Pan, Chia-jung. 2010. The Grammatical Realization of Temporal expressions in Tsou. Muenchen:Lincom Europa
Quirk, R, Greenbaum, S, Leech, S., and Svartvik, J. 1985. A Comprehensive Grammar of the English Language. London: Longman
Shibatani, M. and Artawa, Ketut. 2015. Balinese Valency Classes in Andrej Malchukov and Bernard Comrie (eds.) Valency Classes in the World’s languages. Vol.2, 857-919. Berlin: Mouton De Gruyter
Biodata:
a. Nama Lengkap: Ketut Artawa Ketut Widya Purnawati
b. Universitas: Universitas Udayana
c. Alamat Surel: [email protected] [email protected]
d. Pendidikan Terakhir: S3, La Trobe University Melbourne S3, Universitas Udayana (on going) e. Minat Penelitian: syntax, linguistic typology,
