Galih Depri Lenggana,2015
DELAY OF PRINCIPLE B EFFECT IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
STATEMENT OF AUTHORIZATION ... i
PREFACE ... ii
ACKNOWLEDMENT ... iii
ABSTRACT ... iv
2.1.1 Definition and Etiology of Down Syndrome ... 7
2.1.2 Language Development of Individuals with Down Syndrome ... 9
2.1.2.1 Hearing Media and Oral Motor Skills ... 9
2.1.2.2 Pre-linguistic Development... 10
2.1.2.3 Linguistic Development ... 11
2.2 Binding Principles ... 13
Galih Depri Lenggana,2015
DELAY OF PRINCIPLE B EFFECT IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
vi
CHAPTER III ... 20
3.1 Research Design ... 20
3.2 Formulation of the Problems ... 20
3.3 Participants of the Study ... 20
3.4 Research Instruments ... 21
3.5 Data Collection ... 24
3.4 Data Analysis ... 25
CHAPTER IV ... 26
4.1 Participants’ Score on Reflexives ... 26
4.1.1 Down Syndrome Participants ... 26
4.1.2 Typically Developing Children Participants ... 29
4.1.3 Reflexive Experiments Score Comparison of DS and TDC ... 31
4.2 Participants’ Score on Pronouns ... 32
4.2.1 DS Participants ... 32
4.2.2 Typically Developing Children Participants ... 34
4.2.3 Pronoun Experiments Score Comparison of DS and TDC ... 36
4.3 Comparison of Reflexive and Pronoun Experiments Score ... 37
4.3.1 Down Syndrome Participants ... 37
4.3.2 Typically Developing Children Participants ... 38
4.4 Pauses ... 39
4.4.1 Pauses in Reflexive Experiments ... 39
4.4.2 Pauses in Pronoun Experiments ... 40
4.5 Discussion ... 41
4.5.1 Reflexive ... 41
4.5.2 Quantifier ... 43
4.5.3 Brief Discussion on Pauses ... 44
CHAPTER V ... 45
5.1 Conclusions ... 45
Galih Depri Lenggana,2015
DELAY OF PRINCIPLE B EFFECT IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
vii
REFERENCES ... 48
APPENDIXES ... 50
LIST OF TABLES Table 4.1 Overall Reflexive Score of Participants with DS ... 27
Table 4.2 Individual Correct Responses Percentage of Participants with DS ... 27
Table 4.3 Overall TDC Participants score In Reflexive Experiments ... 29
Table 4.4 Individual TDC Participants Score in Reflexive Experiments ... 30
Table 4.5 Reflexive Score of DS and TDC Participants ... 31
Table 4.6 Overall Score of DS Participants on Pronoun Experiments... 32
Table 4.7 Individual Score of DS Participants in Pronoun Experiments ... 33
Table 4.8 Overall Score of TDC on Pronoun Experiments ... 35
Table 4.9 Individual Score of TDC Participants in Pronoun Experiments ... 35
Table 4.10 Comparison of Pronoun Score of DS and TDC Participants ... 36
Table 4.11 Comparison of Reflexive and Pronoun Score of DS Participants ... 37
Table 4.12 Comparison of Reflexive and Pronoun of TDC Participants ... 38
Table 4.13 Total Pause in Reflexive by DS Participants ... 39
Table 4.14 Total Pause in Reflexive by TDC Participants ... 40
Table 4.15 Total Pause in Pronoun by DS Participants ... 40
Galih Depri Lenggana,2015
DELAY OF PRINCIPLE B EFFECT IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
viii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1 Tree Illustration of How a Node C-commands Other Nodes ... 14
Figure 2.2 Tree Structure of Sentence ... 15
Figure 2.3 Tree Structure of Sentence 5 ... 16
Galih Depri Lenggana,2015
DELAY OF PRINCIPLE B EFFECT IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE BY INDIVIDUALS WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
ix
LIST OF APPENDICES
