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KEMAMPUAN BAKTERI DARI TEMPAT PEMBUANGAN AKHIR (TPA) DALAM MENDEGRADASI PLASTIK (Low Density Polyethylene)
ABSTRAK
Low density polyethylene (LDPE) merupakan salah satu sumber utama polusi
lingkungan dan biodegredasinya merupakan fokus dari penelitian ini. Uji biodegradasi LDPE telah dilakukan dengan bakteri yang diisolasi dari Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Namo Bintang, Medan Tuntungan. Skrining bakteri pendegradasi LDPE didasarkan pada kemampuan bakteri untuk tumbuh dalam
Mineral Salt Medium Broth (MSMB) yang mengandung 1% bubuk LDPE dan
diperoleh dua isolat yang potensial dengan kode SP2 dan SP4. Degradasi LDPE dievaluasi dengan mengukur penurunan berat, analisis SEM dan FTIR setelah uji biodegradasi. Uji kemampuan isolat dalam mendegradasi lembar LDPE selama 4 minggu menunjukkan bahwa isolat SP2 dan SP4 mampu menurunkan berat LDPE masing-masing sebesar 10,16% dan 12,06% sedangkan penurunan berat pada kontrol adalah 0%. Hasil analisis SEM menunjukkan permukaan LDPE menjadi kasar, adanya gelombang, kerutan, dan koloni bakteri melekat pada permukaan LDPE. Penurunan intensitas bilangan gelombang pada analisis FTIR menunjukkan LDPE mengalami degradasi.
Kata Kunci: bakteri, biodegradasi, low density polyethylene (LDPE), tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA)
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THE ABILITY OF BACTERIA FROM WASTE DUMP SITE TO DEGRADE PLASTIC (Low Density Polyethylene)
ABSTRACT
The low density polyethylene (LDPE) is one of environtmental pollutant and its biodegradation was the focus of the present study. Biodegradation test of LDPE was done using bacteria isolated from Namo Bintang waste dump site, Medan Tuntungan. The screening of isolates was based on their abilities to growth on Mineral Salt Medium Broth (MSMB) containing 1% LDPE powder. Two potential isolates, SP2 and SP4, were obtained. LDPE degradation was confirmed by measuring weight loss, SEM and FTIR analysis after biodegradation test. The ability of isolates in degrading LDPE showed that isolate SP2 and SP4 reduced weight of LDPE with total weight loss of 10,16 % and 12,06 % while control reduced 0% respectively after 4 weeks of cultivation. SEM analysis showed the surface of LDPE became rough, the formation of waves, wrinkles and bacterial colonies attached to the surface of LDPE. Decrease of intensity of wave number by FTIR analysis confirmed that LDPE was partially degraded.
Key Word: bacteria, biodegradation, low density polyethylene (LDPE), waste dump site
