v
THE ABILITY OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 KUDUS
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2011/2012 TAUGHT BY USING LEET (LABEL, EXPLANATION, EXAMPLE AND TIE-BACK)
BY:
DEWI WULANDARI NIM 2007-32-242
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
vii
THE ABILITY OF WRITING ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION TEXT OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA N 2 KUDUS
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2011/2012 TAUGHT BY USING LEET (LABEL, EXPLANATION, EXAMPLE AND TIE-BACK)
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education
BY:
DEWI WULANDARI NIM 2007-32-242
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
viii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
MOTTO:
“Live is study. That learn about what we can see and what we can feel. Study is process: from we don’t know to be known, from false to be true, from the dark to
be light. Process of means let’s fight to be own self: a potential individual”
DEDICATION:
This skripsi is dedicated to:
1. Her beloved parent (Mr. Sumino and Mrs. Marmi) who always give the best and support for their children. 2. Her sisters and brother (Puput, Kukuh, Ayu’ and Rizqi) 3. Her beloved friends (Ambar, Ukhfi and Yuli) who
always support her.
ix
6. ADVISORS’ APPROVAL
7. This is to certify that the Sarjana Skripsi of Dewi Wulandari has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee.
i
32.ELDER MEMBERS FOUNDATION OF MURIA KUDUS
UNIVERSITY
33.MURIA KUDUS UNVERSITY
34.TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
35.Campus UMK, Gondang Manis. Bae Kudus PO BOX 53
36.Phone/Fax. (0291) 438229 37.
38.
39.STATEMENT
40.The signature as below:
41.Name : Dewi Wulandari
42.NIM : 2007-32-242
43.Study Program : English Education Deparment
44.Skripsi entitle : The Use of LEET (Label, Explanation, Example and Tie-Back) in Teaching Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012
45.It will clarify this skripsi. The skripsi is the result of my own work. As long as I know, it is not certain material that ever publication or written by other people to finish study in other university. If this statement is not true, it is all about my responsibility.
ii 53.
54.Dewi Wulandari was born in Grobogan on June 19 1987. Her nick name is Dewi. Her father is Mr. Sumino and her mother is Mrs. Marmi. She has sisters and brother, they are Puput, Kukuh, Ayu’, and Rizqi. Now, she lives
in Pati.
55.In 1992, when she was 5 years old she entered in TK Pertiwi for a year and graduated from there in 1993. Then, she entered in SD N Cengkalsewu 01, sukolilo-Pati and graduated in 1999. In 2002 she gradated from SMP N 1 Kayen-Pati. Then, she studied in SMA N 1 Kayen-Pati and got the graduated from there in 2005. After that, she continued her study in Wahid Hasyim University Semarang and got the diploma degree from there in 2007.
iii EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Dewi Wulandari (NIM:2007-32-242) has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree in teaching of English as a foreign language.
Kudus, February 2012 Thesis Examining Committee:
Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd Chairperson
NIS. 0610701000001009
Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd Member
NIS. 0610701000001204
Rismiyanto, SS, M. Pd Member
NIS. 0610701000001146
Dr. H. A. Hilal Madjdi, M. Pd Member
NIS. 0610713020001020
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Her special thanks must first and foremost go to Allah SWT the almighty and the merciful for the blessing, health, miracle, and inspiration given to her leading to the completion of this skripsi and finishing her study.
Praise and invocation are also given to our Prophet, Muhammad SAW, who is always hoped his intercession in the end of the world. Therefore, the writer would express her appreciation to those who have helped her, namely:
1. Drs. Susilo Raharjo, M. Pd as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, SS, M. Pd as the Head of English Education Department. 3. Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd as the first advisor for her valuable help,
guidance, correction, and suggestions for completion of this skripsi.
4. Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd as the second advisor for his best suggestions, guidance, and motivation in finishing this skripsi.
5. Drs. M. Zainuri, M. Si as headmaster of SMA 2 Kudus for giving his permission to conduct her research.
6. Agustini Dwi Artanti as the English teacher of SMA 2 Kudus for her helps, and all of the students of SMA 2 Kudus for helping her in collecting the data. 7. Her beloved parents who always give support, motivation and moral
encouragement to finish her study.
v 9. Her lovely friends, thanks for their helps, support, and affection.
Those cannot be mentioned one by one for the support. The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, she hopes any constructive criticism and suggestions from the readers. Hopefully, this skripsi be useful for everyone.
Kudus, November 2011
vi ABSTRACT
Wulandari, Dewi. 2011. The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using LEET (Label, Explanation, Example and Tie-back). Skripsi. English Education Department. Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (i) Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd. (ii) Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd.
Keywords: Writing, Analytical Exposition Text, LEET
Writing is usually considered as the most difficult skill to master for the students who are learning English. It has many complex processes such as prewriting, drafting, editing, and revising. Based on the KTSP (school based curriculum), the most recent curriculum used in schools in Indonesia, takes the genre approach. One of the genres introduced in the eleventh year of senior high school is analytical exposition. In fact, the writer found some problems in conveying the English material to the students. Besides structure and vocabulary, the students get difficulties in generating idea. Because of those, an effort done to solve the problem is by using LEET. LEET can help the students to organize their thoughts. It is effective way to improve the ability in writing analytical exposition text.
The purposes of this study are to find out, first, the ability in writing analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 who are before being taught by using LEET. The second, the ability in writing analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 who are taught by using LEET. The third is to find out whether there is significant difference between the ability in writing analytical exposition text of the eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 who are before and after being taught by using LEET.
Subject of this research were eleventh grade students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the academic year 2011/2012 with the number of students was 32 students from the population 298 students chosen randomly. The design of this research is experimental research. The instrument used to collect the data is written test.
The result of this study shows that the students’ ability in writing analytical exposition text before being taught by using LEET is fair (Mean 69.53 and Standard deviation 5.4). Meanwhile, the students’ ability in writing analytical exposition text after being taught by using LEET is good (Mean 77.97 and Standard deviation 5.82). From this data result, it can be shown that the score of post test is higher than pretest. The result of t-observation is higher than t-table that uses level of significant 5% (11.43>2.04).
vii ABSTRAKSI
Wulandari, Dewi. 2011.Kemampuan Menulis Teks Analytical Exposition pada siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus Tahun Pelajaran 2011/2012 Diajar Menggunakan LEET (Label, Explanation, Example dan Tie-back). Skripsi. Program Studi Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (i) Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M. Pd. (ii) Mutohhar, S. Pd, M. Pd.
Kata Kunci: Menulis, Teks analytical Exposition, LEET
Menulis dianggap sebagai kemampuan yang paling sulit dikuasai oleh siswa yang belajar bahasa inggris. Terdapat banyak proses yang kompleks dalam menulis seperti tahapan sebelum menulis, draf, edit dan revisi. Berdasarkan KTSP (Kurikulul Tingkat Satuan pendidikan), kurikulum yang baru-baru ini paling banyak digunakan di sekolah-seekolah di Indonesia yang memakai pendekatan jenis teks. Salah satu jenis teks yang diajarkan di kelas XI adalah analytical exposition. Pada kenyataanya, penulis menemukan beberapa masalah dalam penyampaian materi kepada siswa. Selain tata bahasa dan kosakata, siswa kesulitan mengembangkan ide. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan usaha untuk mengatasi masalah ini yakni dengan menggunakan LEET. LEET dapat digunakan untuk mebantu siswa mengorganisasikan pemikiran mereka. LEET merupakan cara yang efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan menulis teks analytical exposition.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: pertama, kemampuan menulis teks analytical exposition siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 yang diajar sebelum menggunakan LEET. Kedua adalah kemampuan menulis teks analytical exposition siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 yang diajar menggunakan LEET. Ketiga adalah apakah ada perbedeaan yang signifiksn antara kemampuan menulis teks analytical exposition siswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahun pelajaran 2011/2012 yang diajar sebelum menggunakan LEET dan setelah menggunakan LEET.
Subjek dari penelitian ini adalahsiswa kelas XI SMA N 2 Kudus tahaun pelajaran 2011/2012 dengan jumlah siswa 32 dari 298 siswa yang dipilih secara acak. Desain dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Alat yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah tes tertulis.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks analytical exposition sebelum menggunakan LEET adalah cukup (Mean 69,53 and Standard deviation 5,4). sedangkan hasil kemampuan siswa dalam menulis teks analytical exposition setelah menggunakan LEET adalah bagus (Mean 77,97 and Standard deviation 5,82). berdasarkan hasil data, dapat di ketahui bahwa nilai posttest lebih tinggi daripada pretest. Hasil dari t-observasi lebih tinggi daripada t-tabel dengan taraf signifikan 5% (11,43>2,04).
Berdasarkan hasil yang telah dibahas, beberapa rekomendasi disarankan. Guru bahasa Inggris seharusnya menggunakan LEET sebagai tteknik prewriting
dalam pembelajaran. Penulis juga merekomendasikan siswa untuk
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii
ABSTRACT ... ix
ix 2.1.1 The Purpose of Teaching English for Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2
Kudus ... 9
2.1.2 The Material of English Teaching for Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus ... 9
2.1.3 The Method of Teaching English in SMA N 2 Kudus ... 10
2.2 Definition of Writing ... 11
2.2.1 Writing Process ... 13
2.2.2 Characteristic of Good Writing ... 14
2.3 Analytical Exposition as Genre ... 15
2.3.1 Types of Genre ... 15
2.3.2 Constructing of Analytical Exposition Text ... 16
2.3.3 Language Features of Analytical Exposition ... 16
2.3.4 The Generic Structure of an Analytical Exposition ... 17
2.3.5 The Social Function of Analytical Exposition ... 17
2.3.6 Model of Analytical Exposition Text ... 18
2.4 LEET as a Technique of Teaching Writing Analytical Exposition ... 18
2.4.1 The Application of LEET in Teaching Writing Analytical Exposition ... 21
x
2.6 Theoretical Framework ... 23
2.7 Hypothesis ... 25
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 3.1 Design of the Research ... 26
3.2 Population and Sample ... 27
3.3 Instrument of the Research ... 28
3.4 Technique of Collecting the Data ... 31
3.5 Technique of Analyzing Data ... 31
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Research Finding ... 35
4.1.1 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 Before Being Taught by Using LEET ... 35
4.1.2 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 After Being Taught by Using LEET ... 37
4.2 Hypothesis Testing ... 39
xi 5.1 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade
Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 before Being
Taught by Using LEET ... 41
5.2 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 after Being
Taught by Using LEET ... 42
5.3 The Difference of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2011/2012 between before and after Being Taught by Using LEET ... 42
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ... 44
6.2 Suggestion ... 44
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 46 APPENDICES
xii LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.1 Two Kinds of Genre ... 16
3.1 The Criterion of the Ability in Writing Analytical Exposition ... 29
3.2 The Criterion of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the
Academic Year 2011/2012 Taught by Using LEET ... 33
4.1 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 before
Treatment ... 36
4.2 The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2011/2012 Before Being Taught by Using LEET ... 36
4.3 The Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 after
Treatment ... 38
4.4 The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
2010/2011 after Being Taught by Using LEET ... 38
4.5 The Summary of T-test Result of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA 2
xiii LIST OF FIGURE
Figure Page
2.1 Model of Analytical Exposition Text ... 18
2.2 Relationship between LEET technique and Generic Structure of Analytical Exposition ... 22
3.1 Diagram one group design of experiment with pretest and posttest... 27
4.1 The Diagram of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012 Before Being Taught by Using LEET ... 37
xiv LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
Appendix 1 The syllabus of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus ... 47
Appendix 2 The Lesson Plan of Teaching Analytical Exposition Text Taught by Using LEET for the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in
the Academic Year 2011/2012 (first and second meeting) ... 48
Appendix 3 The Lesson Plan of Teaching Analytical Exposition Text Taught by Using LEET for the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in
the Academic Year 2011/2012 (third and fourth meeting) ... 51
Appendix 4 The Lesson Plan of Teaching Analytical Exposition Text Taught by Using LEET for the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in
the Academic Year 2011/2012 (fifth and sixth meeting) ... 56
Appendix 5 Test of writing Analytical Exposition Text (pre-test) ... 59
Appendix 6 Test of writing Analytical Exposition Text (post-test) ... 60
Appendix 7 The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Pretest the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2011/2012
Taught by Using LEET ... 61
Appendix 8 The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Posttest of the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
xv Appendix 9 The Pre Test Score of Writing Test Taught by Using LEET ... 67
Appendix 10 The Post Test Score of Writing Test Taught by Using LEET ... 68
Appendix 11 The Difference of Pretest and Posttest Scores ... 69
Appendix 12 The T-Test of the Mean of Pretest and Posttest Scores Measuring the Ability of Writing Analytical Exposition Text of the Eleventh Grade Students of SMA N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year
