USING TRANSLATION AS A STRATEGY TO IMPROVE
VOCABULARY OF XC STUDENTS
AT MAN 1 MALANG IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
THESIS
By:
FARHAN HIMMAWAN
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
ii
USING TRANSLATION AS A STRATEGY TO IMPROVE
VOCABULARY OF XC STUDENTS
AT MAN 1 MALANG IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013
THESIS
By:
FARHAN HIMMAWAN
09360153
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL PAGE
iv
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL PAGE
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher
Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
on July 31, 2013
Approved by:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Examiners:
1. Dr. Hartono, M.Pd
2. Riski Lestiono, M.A
3. Drs. Munash Fauzie Anwar, M.M
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, I would like to express my thanks to Allah SWT. My deepest
gratitude to the Almighty for his blessing and guidance bestowed to me in
composing and finishing this thesis.
The completion of this thesis was possible with support, assistance,
guidance, and encouragement from many people. I would like to sincerely express
my gratitude, respect, and admiration to all people who had been involved in my
study.
The writer like to express my deepest gratitude to Drs. Munash Fauzie
Anwar, M.M., my first advisor, for the valuable guidance, suggestion and the time
spent and the power spent in giving correction. My sincere gratitude also
addressed to Mr. Khairudin, M.Pd., for his suggestion, careful proofreading of the
whole parts of the thesis.
May sincere thanks are also addressed to all my lectures in Under
Graduate Program at English Department University of Muhammadiyah Malang;
Rina Wahyu Setyaningrum, M.Ed., Drs. Muhammad, M.Pd, Dra. Dwi
Poedjiastutie, M.Pd., Dra. Thatit Manon Andini, M.Hum, Hj. Fardini Sabilah,
M.Pd, Drs. Marzuki, M.Pd, Dra. Sri Hartiningsih, M.Pd, and Soeparto, M.Pd, who helped me in learning valuable knowledge concerning English and its’ teaching.
Sincere thank is also dedicated to Drs. Samsudin, M.Pd., the Headmaster
of MAN 1 Malang, who allowed me to conduct the research there. Aulia
Rahmayanti, S.S., the English teacher of MAN 1 Malang, for her readiness and
patience as my collaborator during the research of this study. Respectable is given
to the students of class XC for their spirits.
I also would like to express my deepest gratitude to; my family, my
teachers, and my students, who always give me spirit, support, motivation, and
6
Finally, I don’t forget to address my special gratitude to my brothers and sisters in Komisariat Raushan Fikr, BEMFA FKIP, ESA Progresio, and Class C
English Department UMM, for their cheerful and brother-ship since the first
meeting that created joyful experiences of learning there.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
TITLE ……….. i
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL PAGE ………. ii
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL PAGE …………...……….. iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ……….. iv
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ……….. 7
2.1 Definition of vocabulary ………..…….. 7
2.7 Techniques and Principle of translation ………. 12
2.8 Translation activity and meaning in context ………. 13
8
2.10 Process of translation ………... 14
2.11 Translation as a strategy……….. 15
2.12 Previous study ………... 16
CHAPTER IIIRESEARCH METHODOLOGY ……… 18
3.1 Research Design ………..………... 18
3.2 Setting and Subject of the Study…….………. 19
3.3 Research Procedure ………. 20
3.3.1 Preliminary Study ………...………….. 20
3.3.2 Implementing of the Study ……….……..…… 21
3.3.2.1Planning ………..…………. 21
3.3.2.1.1 Designing Lesson Plan ………..………. 21
3.3.2.1.2 Preparing Instructional Materials and Media …………... 21
3.3.2.1.3 Preparing the Criteria of Success ………..…….. 22
3.3.3 Implementing the Action ………..…... 22
3.3.4.1 First Meeting ………. 23
3.3.4.2 Second Meeting ………. 23
3.3.4.3 Third Meeting ……….. 25
3.3.4 Observation ……….. 25
3.3.4.1Field Notes ………. 25
3.3.4.2Scoring Rubric of Vocabulary Achievement ………..… 26
3.3.5 Reflection ……….………. 28
CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ..……….. 29
CHAPTER VCONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ………... 40
5.1. Conclusion ……… 40
5.2. Suggestion ……….… 41
REFERENCES ……….. 42
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 Students’ Vocabulary Achievement Score on Preliminary .. 45 Appendix 2 Lesson Plan on Cycle One……… 47
Appendix 3 Students’ Vocabulary Achievement Score on Cycle One….. 69
Appendix 4 Field Notes ………. 71
REFERENCES
Zulkhaeriyah. 2012. Increasing Vocabulary through Translation of Indonesian Short Story into English. Thesis Unpublished. Makassar: English Department Faculty of Letters.
Liao, Posen. 2006. EFL Learners’ Beliefs about and Strategy Use of Translation in English Learning. London: SAGE Publication.
Latief, Muhammad Adnan. 2009. Classroom Action Research in Language Learning. (Online), (www.adnanlatief@yahoo.com).
Sutirjo.2008. Menulis PTK Senikmat Minum Teh. Malang: UM Press.
Hornby, AS. 1974. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. London: Oxford University Press.
Oxford 2000. Learner’s Pocket Dictionary. New York. Oxford.
Echols, John M. and Hassan Shadily. 1992. An Indonesian English Dictionary. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Jakarta.
Echols, John M. and Hassan Shadily. 1992. An English Indonesian Dictionary.
Afrizal, John. 2013. Flood Hits Eight Jambi Districts.(Online), (www.thejakartapost.com).
. http//meriam-webster.com/dictionary/vocabulary.
Kusuma, Feni Ike. 2007. “Technique for Translating English Sentences”. The Paper is presented for Seminar on English Language Teaching, FTTE. Ahmad Dahlan University.
Catford.LC. 1969.A Linguistic Theory of Translation. London: Oxford University Press.
12
Newmark, Peter. 1982. Approaches to Translation. Oxford : Pergamon Press.
Nida, Eugene A. and Charles R. Taber. 1969. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden : E.J. Brill.
Sudijono, Anas. 2011. Pengantar Statistik Pendidikan. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.
Choliludin. 2005. The Technique of Making Idiomatic Translation. Bekasi: VISIPRO.
Kemmis, S., McTaggert, M. 1988 The Action Research Planner.(3rd edition). Victoria: Deakin University.
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
This chapter has six sections. They are the background of study, statement
of problem, objective of study, scope and limitation of study, significance of
study, and the last is definition of key terms.
1.1 Background of Study
It has been known that the language is an important media to communicate
in human life. Through the language, we can interact and convey our thoughts,
desires, ideas, wishes and feeling to other people. English as a language widely
used in the world plays an important role in international relationship. It has
become a communication tool among countries in business field, politics,
diplomatic and other international relationships.
Nowadays, English in Indonesia has become a very important language.
classroom or in a course place.
Teaching English vocabulary as foreign language classroom is not easy.
case, have a big role to motivate all of them to have the same perception about the
importance of English today. They should be aware that by knowing English
vocabulary, it will help them to understand English easily, both spoken and
written form.
The mastery of vocabulary becomes very essential in supporting a foreign
language skill. In other side, vocabulary building is not easy thing to do because
there are many various meanings, word forms, and also word choices. Therefore,
English teachers are expected to create some exercises and activities for the
students in order to increase the students’ vocabulary.
Realizing the importance of vocabulary building for the students, teachers
must take an effort to develop their students’ vocabulary. There are many teaching
techniques or strategies that teachers can use.
Since language learning strategy research mushroomed and various
classifications of these strategies were carried out, translation has usually been
identified as one of the cognitive learning strategies (Posen Liao, 2006:192).
O’Malley et al.’s (1985) also said that translation was found to be a frequently
used learning strategy, and translation can help in vocabulary acquisition. Husain
in Posen Liao (2006: 196) also said that translation strategy could enhance
English learning in general. He discovered that students who used translation
tended to make more gains in learning vocabulary and phrases, compared to a
lower level gain in learning tenses. So, these researchers believed that strategic
learners can make intelligent use of the repertoire of their first language (L1) skills
Moreover, (Harmer, 1991:162) stated that translation is a guide and easy
way to present the meaning of words without problems. In the first place, it’s not
always easy to translate words. In the second place, even where translation is
possible, it may take a bit too easy for student by discouraging them from the
interacting with the words.
From the English teacher of class XC MAN 1 Malang, the researcher got
information that there are 33 students in this class in the final test at first semester,
most of them got low score, and small of them got good score from parallel class.
The teacher concluded that some of students have a small number of vocabularies.
Therefore, the teacher wanted to find a strategy to improve their vocabulary and to
improve their skill of English.
Dealing with the statement above, the researcher wanted to ask the
students to think of translation to increase their vocabulary because the researcher
assumed that the student who are knowing about translation and more often doing
translation, are more often finding kind of vocabulary, and they should try to find
the meaning. Besides, finding the vocabularies in the dictionary or having the
drawing of the meaning, they will probably understand more and keep the words
longer in their mind. They will be able to use the words in their conversation
because they know the appropriate use of the words that they can find in the
sentence shown as example in the dictionary.
Based on the reason above, the researcher is interested in discussing this
research with the title “The Using of Translation to Increase Vocabulary of XC Students at MAN 1 Malang in Academic Year 2012/2013”. The researcher
the problems that the students have in studying and teaching English is
vocabulary. In this context, they don’t have many vocabularies, so that they
cannot understand what someone says or what someone writes. Therefore, in this
research, the researcher tries to use this method to increase student’s vocabulary.
Previous research conducted by Zulkhaeriyah (2012) shows that learning
strategy through translating Indonesian short story into English has good
contribution in the students’ vocabularies. She investigated the effect of
translation strategy on vocabulary of year two students of SMA Negeri 1
Watampone. She took 20 students as the sample of the research and used
translation Indonesian short story as the test. She applied one group pretest and
posttest design giving treatment by using translation of Indonesian short story into
English, she found that vocabulary achievement in post-test (72.15) was higher
than in pre-test (38.04).
The previous researcher above showed that Translating Indonesian short
story into English is a successful strategy in learning because it is very useful to
improve students’ vocabulary, the students can work together to practice their
language ability. In which, they can change and share information, reinforce each
other, give feedback and they are also responsible for their answers group.
Therefore, the researcher is interested in applying translation as a strategy to
increase students’ vocabularies and to provide practical and theoretical solution on
English learning generally, and particularly vocabulary development in Madrasah
1.2 Statement of Problem
vocabulary of class XC MAN1 Malang.
1.4 Significance of Study
a. To improve students’ English vocabulary, particularly for students of class
XC MAN 1 Malang.
b. To enrich the teaching technique for the English teacher to be applied in the
classroom to improve the students’ vocabulary.
c. To become a reference for further researcher.
d. To give beneficial contribution for the improvement of the education of the
school
1.5 Scope and Limitation
The researcher limits this research in the using of translating English news
as a strategy on the first year students at MAN I Malang. The scope of this study
focuses on students’ vocabulary improvement, particularly in translating English
news text taken from The Jakarta Post article. The translating English news text
was not included determining generic structure, language features, main idea, and
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
a. Translation is a craft consisting in the attempt to replace a written
passage/statement in one language by the name message/statement into
another language (Newmark, 1982).
b. Translation as a strategy is the use of translation as a strategy to
comprehend, remember, and produce a foreign language (Posen Liao, 2006:
200).
c. Improve means to bring (something) into a more desirable or excellent
condition, or to advance or make progress in what is desirable (Meriam
Webster Online Dictionary).
d. Vocabularies are all the words that a person knows or uses in particular
language that people use when they are talking, especially in a book for
learning a foreign language (Hornby, 1969:959).
