RESEARCH PROPOSAL OF
INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH COLLABORATION
THE TERMINAL CARE OF ELDERLY PEOPLE IN EAST AND
SOUTHEAST ASIA
RESEARCH TEAM
Dr. Titih Huriah, M.Kep.,Ns.,Sp.Kep.Kom (0516047701) Shanti Wardaningsih, M.Kep.,Ns.,Sp.Kep.J, Ph.D
Erna Rochmawati, MNS.,M.Med.Ed, Ph.D
MASTER OF NURSING POST GRADUATE PROGRAM
CONTENT
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background
In Indonesia, the population of elderly people is increasing rapidly. Globally, Indonesia has the fifth-largest elderly population in the world. In 2012, there were nearly 21 million older people. Life expectancy has increased dramatically, from 45 in 1970 to 69.2 for males and 71 for women in 2010. At the same time, the birth rate has declined, resulting in an ageing population. It is estimated that by the year 2020, aging population in Indonesia will reach 11.34 per cent of total population.
In Japan, elderly people over 65 years old reached 31.86 million and accounted for 25.0 country. Additionally, Indonesia has contributed significantly to the accelerated growth of the elderly population worldwide. It is estimated that the country will experience an elderly population boom in the first two decades of the 21st century. Moreover, the UN has predicted that the percentage of Indonesians over 60 years old will reach 25 percent in 2050 or nearly 74 million elderly people. Several provinces have a greater number of elderly people than the national average, and Yogyakarta has the nation's largest elderly population.
disabilities, and need packages of care that require partnership and collaboration between different groups and across many settings. This raises many issues for the professionals
Permasalahan pada penelitian ini adalah :
1. Bagaimanakah karakteristik, peran dan sikap pemberi asuhan keperawatan (perawat, pekerja social, dan dokter) pada pasien lansia dengan penyakit terminal baik di Indonesia maupun di Jepang?
2. Bagaimanakah model pemberian asuhan yang efektif diberikan kepada lansia dengan penyakit terminal?
C. Tujuan Penelitian
Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah :
3. Mengetahui karakteristik pemberi asuhan keperawatan paliatif (perawat, pekerja social, dan dokter) baik di Indonesia maupun Jepang
4. Mengetahui peran pemberi asuhan keperawatan paliatif (perawat, pekerja social, dan dokter) baik di Indonesia maupun Jepang
5. Mengetahui sikap perawat, pekerja social, dan dokter saat memberikan asuhan pada pasien lansia dengan penyakit terminal
the problems associated with life-threatening illness, through the prevention and relief of suffering by means of early identification and impeccable assessment and treatment of pain and other problems, physical, psychosocial and spiritual.”
including bereavement counselling if necessary. It enhances quality of life, and may positively influence the course of the illness. It is applicable early in the course of the illness with other therapies that are intended to prolong life, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and includes those investigations needed to better understand and manage distressing clinical complications (1,2).
Palliative care should be offered as needs develop and before they become unmanageable. Palliative care must not be something that only specialized palliative care teams, palliative care services or hospices offer when other treatment has been withdrawn. It impairment, economic hardship and social isolation.
E. The Needs Of Caregivers
Long-term care for seriously ill relatives is unpaid and unsupported work that may damage the health, wellbeing and financial security of caregivers themselves (11).
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Research Design
Mixed method with explanatory design will conducted in this research. The surveys and qualitative study were performed in Indonesia and Japan.
Scheme 1. mixed method withexplanatory design : Follow-up Explanations Model (Creswell & Clark, 2011)
The explanatory design is a two-phase mixed methods design. The overall purpose of this design is that qualitative data helps explain or build upon initial quantitative results. The design starts with the collection and analysis of quantitative data about characteristics, role and attitude of care staffs during the period near the end of life. The first phase is followed by the subsequent collection and analysis of qualitative data. The second, qualitative phase of the study is designed so that it follows from the results of the first quantitative phase.
B. Population and Sample medical doctors were participating as staffs in the elderly care facilities. Technical sampling use purposive sampling.
sampling jenuh dimana apabila data yang didapatkan telah jenuh maka sampel diperkirakan sudah mewakili.
C. Research Location
This research will be conducted in two countries, 1 countries in southeast Asia (Indonesia) and 1 country in east Asia (Japan). The location are hospitals, nursing homes (public and private) and palliative care unit. In Indonesia, there are 5 health institution that conducted with this research, they are PKU hospital 1, PKU hospital 2, Two public nursing homes : Abiyoso nursing homes and Budi Luhur nursing homes, and one private nursing homes : Hana nursing homes.
D. Research Analysis
Quantitative analysis will be done by compare each country and than compare country in southeast Asia and east Asia. Quantitative analysis will used t-test and Anova. Qualitative analysis will used content analysis.
E. Ethical Consideration
CHAPTER IV
RESEARCH PLAN
Tahapan Kegiatan 2017
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Tahapan Persiapan
Inisiasi kerjasama dengan institusi mitra X Penandatangan MoU dan MoA penelitian X
Penyusunan proposal X
Perizinan penelitian X
Tahapan Pelaksanaan Quantitative Study :
Persiapan alat dan bahan X X
Pengambilan data penelitian X
Analisis data X
Penyusunan hasil penelitian X
Penyusunan publikasi X X X X X X
Diseminasi hasil, conference dan publikasi X X X X
Qualitative Study :
Pengambilan data penelitian (FGD) X
Indepth interview X
Analisis data X
Penyusunan hasil penelitian X X X X
Penyusunan publikasi X X X X X X
REFERENCES
1. Min Bao, Chen Beibei, Wang Xin-Yun, Akiko Kobayashi, Masumi Goto, Fumie Katagiri, Naoko Morita, Toshiyuki Tsukamoto, Akichika Mikami, Hospice care in China - Based on field research in Shanghai and Suzhou-. Human Wellbeing 13, 11-18, 2013 2. Masumi Goto, Akichika Mikami, Keiko Mase, Toshiyuki Tsukamoto, Views of the elderly care staffs for the terminal care and
death. Kousei no Shihyou 2014 (in press)
3. Masumi Goto, Naoko Morita, Fumie Katagiri, Tosiyuki Tsukamoto, Current and Future End-of-Life Care for the Elderly in Japan and Korea: Survey of Staff at Nursing Care Facilities and Offices. Bulletin of Social Medicine, 31,151-158, 2014
4. Akiko Kobayashi, Toshiyuki Tsukamoto, Miwa Sakai, Masumi Goto, Akichika Mikami, Naoko Morita, Fumie Katagiri, Min Bao, A study on the end of life care for elderly in Taiwan：Through the questionnaire survey to the nurses, care workers, social
workers, doctors using the two kind types of questionnaires of “the view of terminal care” and ”the view of life and death ”. Jounal of Fukui Prefectural University (in press)
5. Kei Hirai, Yukihoro Sakaguchi, Kouji Abe, et al. Reliability of Subjective measure of attitudes for death. Death and Clinics 23, 71-6, 2000.
6. Yuko Nakai, Mitsunori Miyashita, Tomoyo Sasahara, et al. Relaiability of FATCOD-B-J. Cancer Nursing (in press) 7. Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of the Dying Scale (FATCOD) KHM Frommelt The effects of death education on nurses'
attitudes toward caring for terminally ill persons and their families. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine, 8(5), 37-43, 1991
8. Active ageing: a policy framework. Geneva, World Health Organization, 2002 (document WHO/NMH/NPH/02.8) (www.who.int/hpr/ageing/Active AgeingPolicyFrame.pdf, accessed 22 July 2003).
19 APPENDIX :
A questionnaire about life and death developed by Hakujikai Institute of Gerontology in Japan
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21
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LAMPIRAN 2. MoA Penelitian between Master of Nursing UMY with Faculty of Nursing Chubu Gakuin
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5. E-mail address : titih_psikumy@yahoo.com
6. Marital Status : Married
7. Spouse’s occupation : Engineering
8. Employment
University : University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
Faculty : Post Graduate Program
Department : Master of Nursing
9. Employment data : NIK: 173.045 NIDN: 0516047701
10. Rank (Golongan) : IIIC (lector)
EDUCATION BACKGROUND
No. Name of Institution Year attended Degree/
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English French Chinese Mandarin Japanese Other
(………) Improved Nutrient Status for Children Under Five with Malnutrition in Mantrijeron Yogyakarta
Principal investigator
2 2014
The Effect Of Activity Therapy : Ergonomic Exercises To Decrease Joint Pain Scale In Elderly With Joints Degenerative At Work Area Kasihan II Public Health Center, Bantul, Yogyakarta
Principal investigator
3 2013
The Influence of Home Care to Decrease Infec tion Disease Episodes in Malnutrition Children Under Five in Yogyakarta
Principal investigator
4 2013 Effect of Home Care to Fulfillm e nt Nutrition Needs in
Toddle rs with malnut rition in Yogya k art a Principal investigator
5 2013
Effectiveness of Orally and Topically Gel Extract of Kelor Leaf (Moringa oleifera) on Acceleration of Cutaneous Wound Healing : An experimental Study in Mice
Consultant
6 2012
The Influences Of Primary Health Centre Nurse Training To Increase Home Care Knowledge To Under Five Years Old With Malnutrition in Yogyakarta
Principal investigator
7
2011 The influence of health education on acute
respiratory infection towards mother ability in caring acute respiratory infection in children
Consultant
8
2011 The corelation between knowledge and attitude
towards the implementation of mosquito’s nest
eradication by society
Consultant
9
2010 Effectiviness of Play therapy to Decrease a
Symptoms of PTSD ( Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) For Traumatized Children in Cangkringan Yogyakarta
25
10
2010 The effect of giving guidance about the risk of injury prevention behavior in elementary Bibis Kasihan Bantul Yogyakarta
Principal investigator
11
2010 The Description of Community Health Nurses’
Preparedness on Disaster Management in
Puskesmas Kasihan I Bantul Yogyakarta
Consultant
12
2009 The influence of health education on acute
respiratory infection toward mother ability in caring on acute respiratory infection children at Bantul Yogyakarta
Consultant
13
2009 The Influence of Health Education on Mother’s
Capabilities for Early Detection on Children Under Five Years Old Developmental Disorders in Taruban Kulon Village, Tuksono, Sentolo, Kulonprogo
Consultant
Recent scientific publications published in journals
No. Year Article Title Journal’s name and place
of publication
1 2015 Improving Nutritional Status of Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Through Home Care Program
Jurnal Kesmas UI, volume 9 No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia
2 2015 Severe acute malnutrition and determinants
among children in rural and urban communities
Jurnal Kesmas UI, volume 9 No. 1, Jakarta, Indonesia
3
2013 The Influence of Home Care to Decrease Infection Disease Episodes in Malnutrition Children Under Five in Yogyakarta
2013 The Influences Of Public Health Centre Nurse Training To Increase Home Care Knowledge To Under Five Years Old With Malnutrition in
2013 The Influence of Home Care to Decrease Infection Disease Episodes in Malnutrition Children Under Five in Yogyakarta
respiratory infection towards mother ability in caring acute respiratory infection in children
Proceeding of 10th
international family
nursing conference, Kyoto Japan
8
2011 The corelation between knowledge and attitude
towards the implementation of mosquito’s nest
eradication by society
Proceeding of Jogja
international nursing
26 Puskesmas Kasihan I Bantul Yogyakarta
Jurnal Mutiara Medika, Disorder) For Traumatized Children in Cangkringan Yogyakarta
Capabilities for Early Detection on Children Under
Five Years Old Developmental Disorders in
Taruban Kulon Village, Tuksono, Sentolo,
Kulonprogo
Academic referees (former advisors, direct academic advisors, etc.)
No. Name Relationship Country
1 Prof. dr. Laksono Trisnantoro,
M.Sc.,Ph.D Former Advisor Indonesia
2 Prof. dr. Madarina Julia, MPH, Ph.D, Sp.A (K)
Former Advisor
Indonesia
3 Dr. Fitri Haryanti, S.Kp.,M.Kes Former Advisor Indonesia
A. PRESENT POSITION AND DUTIES
1. Teaching responsibilities
No. Course Titles
1 Community Nursing (S1)
2 Family Nursing (S1)
3 Gerontological Nursing (S1)
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Year Position
2010-2011 Head of Nursing Program
2008-2010 Secretary of Nursing Program
2007-current Head of Community Nursing Departement
2012-2013 Head of Human Resources of Nursing Program
2011-current Team of Curriculum Development of Magister Nursing Program
2015-current Secretary of Magister Nursing UMY
2. CV Erna Rochmawati
Curriculum Vitae Erna Rochmawati Last Update: February 2016
Office: School of Nursing Email: erna.rochmawati@umy.ac.id
F 4 building, level 4 erna_rho@yahoo.com
Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Kampus Terpadu UMY
Jl. Lingkar Barat, Tamantirto, Kasihan Office: +62 274 387656 ext 215
Bantul, Yogyakarta, 55183 Mobile: +62 813 937 02252(preferred contact no.)
Home: Sidorejo No 9 Rt 9, Dkh XII Place/Date of Birth: Indonesia, 25 October 1979
Ngestiharjo, Kasihan, Bantul Citizenship: Indonesian
Yogyakarta, 55182 Gender: Female
Indonesia
CURRENT POSITION
Senior Lecturer in School of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
EDUCATION
PhD student: University of Adelaide, 2012-now
Master of Nursing Science: University of Adelaide, Australia, 2008 – 2009 Master of Medical Education: University of Gadjah Mada, Indonesia, 2006 - 2011 Bachelor of Nursing Science: University of Indonesia, 1997 -2001
PAST RESEARCH EXPERIENCE
1. Effect of progressive relaxation techniques to level of pain, fatigue, insomnia among patients with chronic kidney disease who undergo hemodialys is in PKU Hospital Yogyakarta (2011), source of funding: Association of Indonesian Nurse Education Institution
2. Being Health Volunteers during Mt Merapi Eruption: What Undergraduate Nurse Students Learnt? (2011). http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm/article/view/924
28 AWARDS
1. Research grant, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science (2004, 2010)
2. Research grant, Association of Indonesian Nursing Education Institution (2011)
3. Grant for attending the 17th WADEM Conference, Beijing, China , Ministry of Education (2011)
4. Endeavour Prime Minister’s Asia Australia Scholarship, Government of Australia (2012-now) 5. Tuition fee waiver, Adelaide Graduate Center, University of Adelaide (2012 -now)
6. Hospice23 Bursary Award, United Kingdom (2015)
PUBLICATION Journal
1. Rochmawati, E, Wiechula, R (2010). Educatio Strategies to Foster Health Professio Stude ts’ Cli ical Reaso i g Skills: Systematic Review. Nursing and Health Sciences, vol 2, no. 2, pp. 244-250.
2. Rizki, W & Rochmawati, E (2011). Perbedaan nilai uji fungsi paru antara karyawan di ruang produksi dan karyawan di ruang administrasi di pabrik textile Magelang, Jurnal Ners Indonesia, vol 2 no 1.
3. Rochmawati, E. (2011). Being Health Volunteers during Mt Merapi Eruption: What Undergraduate Nurse Students Learnt?, Jurnal Mutiara Medika, Vol 11 (1). http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm/article/view/924
4. Rochmawati, E. Rahayu, G.R, Kumara, A. (2014). Educational environment and approaches to learning of undergraduate nursing students in an Indonesian School of Nursing, Nurse Education in Practice, vol. 14. pp. 729 -733.
doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2014.08.009
5. Rochmawati, E, Wiechula, R, Cameron, K (2016). Current status of palliative care services in Indonesia: Literature review, International Nursing Review, doi:10.1111/inr.12236
Proceeding
1. Rochmawati, E, Wiechula R (2010). Lear i g ethods to develop health professio stude ts’ cli ical reaso i g skills. Proceeding. Java International Nursing Conference.
2. Rochmawati, E (2011), Pengaruh tehnik relaksasi progresif terhadap tingkat nyeri, insomnia dan fatique pada pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa, proceeding, International Nursing Conference, Universitas Hasanudin. 3. Rochmawati, E (2011). Being Health Volunteers during Mt Merapi Eruption: What Undergraduate Nurse Students
Learnt? Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, vol 26, supplement 1, p. s14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X11000586
4. Suhariyanto & Rochmawati, E (2011). Nurse Educators’ Experie ces of Co ducti g Trau a Heali g to Reduce Anxiety Among Victims of Mt Merapi Eruption at Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, Prehospital and Disaster Medicine, vol 25, supplement 1, p. s161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1049023X11004961
5. Rochmawati, E (2010), Students perceptions on learning environment in PSIK UMY, proceeding, Jogjakarta International Nursing Conference, 2010.
6. Rochmawati, E, Wiechula, R & Cameron, K (2012), An exploration of the provision of palliative care for cancer patients in Indonesia, Research Conversazione, School of Nursing, University of Adelaide.
7. Rochmawati, E, Wiechula, R, Cameron, K (2013). Facilitators and barriers in palliative care: a literature review, proceeding, the Asian International Humanised Health Care Conference, Yogyakarta
8. Rochmawati, E, Wiechula, R, Cameron, K (2014). Family caregiver involvement in home based care for palliative cancer patients in Indonesia, Asia -Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology, 10(Suppl. 9); pp. 449 -450. Doi:10.1111/ajco.12332
CONFERENCE/S EMINAR PRESENTATION
2010 1. National Scientific Meeting for Nursing Higher Education Institution (2010), organised by Association of Nursing Education Institution
2. Java International Nursing Conference , University of Diponegoro, 2 – 3 October 2010 (Oral presentation)
3. SEARA medical education conference, Jakarta, November 2010 (oral communication) 4. Preceptorship model training, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang, December 2010
(speaker)
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2011 1. The 17th World Congress on Disaster and Emergency Medicine. Beijing, China, June 2011
(oral presentation)
2. International Nursing Conference, organized by AIPNI and School of Nurs ing, University of Hasanudin (oral presentation)
3. The first Jogja International Nursing Conference, organized by School of Nursing, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, (poster presentation)
4. Workshop for educator for tobacco curriculum, November, Singapore
5. Journal Presentation (2012) training to nurses in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital (speaker) 2012 1. Workshop to gather strategic partner in tobacco control (2012), Muhammadiyah Tobacco
Control Center, UMY and Johns Hopkins School of Public Health (coordinator) 2. National Joanna Briggs Institute Conference, Adelaide, 2012
3. Faculty of Health Science Post graduate Conference, Adelaide, 2012.
2013 1. Research Conversazione, School of Nursing, University of Adelaide, oral presenter 2. JBI Systematic Review Training, University of Adelaide
3. JBI International Conference, Adelaide
4. Asian Internasional Humanised Health Care Conference, Indonesia 2014 1. Nursing and Midwifery Forum, Department of Health, South Australia
2. World Care Congress, Melbourne, oral presenter
3. South Australia National Palliative Care Congress, Adelaide, participant 2015 1. South Australia National Palliative Care Congress, Adelaide
2. Compassionate care in palliative care. Hospice23 Conference. Devon, United Kingdom. Oral Presenter
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Lampiran 4 : Sarana Prasarana dan research instrument
Sarana Prasarana untuk kelancaran penelitian adalah :
7. Telah adanya RS pendidikan Magister Keperawatan UMY yaitu RS PKU1 dan PKU 2 yang akan dijadikan tempat penelitian
8. Telah adanya MoU dengan PSTW (nursing homes)
9. Instrumen penelitian telah dialih bahasakan ke bahasa Indonesia
Kuesioner Mengenai Kehidupan Dan Kematian
oleh Institute Hakujikai Gerontologi di Jepang
Survei ini akan menanyakan tentang beberapa pikiran dan perasaan anda saat ini. Pilihlah hal yang sesuai
1. Saya percaya ada kehidupan setelah kematian 2. Saya percaya dengan kekuatan supranatural,
contohnya setan
3. Saya percaya bahwa jiwa seseorang akan abadi setelah mereka mati
4. Saya percaya setelah seseorang mati, mereka akan dilahirkan kembali
5. Sekarat sangat menakutkan untuk saya
6. Ketika saya berpikir tentang kematian saya, saya merasa takut
7. Saya rasa kematian merupakan hal yang menakutkan
8. Saya sangat takut mati
9. Saya rasa kematian merupakan pelepasan terhadap penderitaan di dunia
10. Saya rasa kematian merupakan jalan keluar dari ketidakberuntungan di dunia
11. Saya rasa kematian merupakan jalan keluar dari rasa sakit dan penderitaan
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13. Saya menghindari pemikiran tentang kematian 14. Saya ingin menghindari memikirkan tentang
kematian, tidak peduli apa yang saya lakukan 15. Ketika pikiran tentang kematian datang, saya
berusaha mengesampingkan dan melupakannya 16. Kematian merupakan hal yang sangat menakutkan
jadi saya berusaha untuk tidak memikirnya 17. Saya memiliki beberapa tujuan terkait tugas dan
tujuan hidup
18. Saya memiliki arti, tujuan dan tugas dalam hidup saya.
19. Ketika saya memikirkan tentang hidup saya, ada alasan yang jelas tentang bagaimana saya
menjalani hidup
20. Menurut saya, masa depan itu cerah 21. Saya sering memikirkan “apa itu mati”
22. Saya sering memikirkan tentang kematian saya 23. Saya sering berpikir tentang kematian
orang-orang terdekat saya
24. Saya sering berbicara kepada teman saya dan keluarga saya mengenai kematian
25. Saya pikir panjang hidup seseorang sudah ditentukan
26. Saya pikir panjang hidup seseorang di tentukan sejak saat dia lahir
