ASUHAN KEBIDANAN BALITA SAKIT PADA AN. M UMUR 1 TAHUN
6 BULAN DENGAN DIARE AKUT DEHIDRASI SEDANG
DI BANGSAL ANAK RSUD SURAKARTA
KARYA TULIS ILMIAH
Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Persyaratan Ujian Akhir Program
Kompetensi Bidan di Program Studi D III Kebidanan
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret
Oleh :
Ida Permatasari
R0312083
PROGRAM STUDI D III KEBIDANAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
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i
ASUHAN KEBIDANAN BALITA SAKIT PADA AN. M UMUR 1 TAHUN
6 BULAN DENGAN DIARE AKUT DEHIDRASI SEDANG
DI BANGSAL ANAK RSUD SURAKARTA
KARYA TULIS ILMIAH
Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Sebagian Persyaratan Ujian Akhir Program
Kompetensi Bidan di Program Studi D III Kebidanan
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret
Oleh :
Ida Permatasari
R0312083
PROGRAM STUDI D III KEBIDANAN FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
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KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kehadirat Allah SWT yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan
hidayah-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan KaryaTulisIlmiahyangberjudul
“Asuhan Kebidanan Balita SakitPada An. M Umur 1 Tahun 6 BulanDengan
DiareAkutDehidrasiSedangDi Bangsal Anak RSUDSurakarta”sebagai salah satu
persyaratan ujianakhir program kompetensibidan di Program Studi Diploma III
Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran di Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.
KaryaTulisIlmiahini dapat diselesaikan dengan
lancarberkatbantuandariberbagaipihak.Olehkarenaitupenulismengucapkanterimak
asih kepada Bapak/Ibu:
1. Dr. H. Soetrisno, dr, Sp. OG (K),ketua Program Studi Diploma III Kebidanan
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.
2. Hardiningsih, S.ST., M.Kes, sebagaipembimbing utama yang
selalumembimbingdanmemberikan saran sertailmunya.
3. Erindra Budi C, S. Kep, Ns, M. Kes, sebagaipembimbing pendamping yang
selalumembimbingdanmemberikan saran sertailmunya.
4. Fresthy Astrika Y., S. ST, M. Kes, selaku penguji KTI yang telah memberikan
saran dan ilmunya.
5. Dosen pengajar dan staf Progam Studi D III Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Sebelas Maret.
6. Direktur RSUD Surakartabeserta staf yang telah memberikan izin dalam
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v
7. Bapak,ibu, dankakak tercinta terima kasih selalu mendoakan dan memberikan
kasih sayang, bimbingan, semangat, dukungan moral maupun materi.
8. Teman-teman Mahasiswa D III Kebidanan Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas
Sebelas Maret angkatan 2012 yang selalu mendukung dan membantu dalam
setiap permasalahan dalam penyelesaian Karya Tulis ini.
9. Keluarga balita An. Mataskerelaannya menjadi responden dalam penyusunan
karya tulis ilmiah ini.
10. Serta semua pihak yang tidak dapat penulis sebutkan satu per satuyang telah
membantu dan memberi dukungan demi lancarnya penulisan karya tulis ilmiah ini.
Penulis menyadari keterbatasan dalam penyusunan Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini,
sehingga saran, kritik dan petunjuk yang membangun dari berbagai pihak sangat
penulis harapkan. Semoga KaryaTulisIlmiahini dapat memberikan manfaat bagi
semua pihak.
Surakarta,Mei 2015
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ABSTRAK
IDA PERMATASARI. R0312083. ASUHAN KEBIDANAN BALITA SAKIT PADA AN.M UMUR 1 TAHUN 6 BULAN DENGAN DIARE AKUT
DEHIDRASI SEDANG DI BANGSAL ANAK RSUD
SURAKARTA.Program Studi D IIIKebidananFakultasKedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret.
Latar Belakang :Angkamorbiditasdanmortalitasakibatdiarelebihkurang 80%terjadipadaanakkurangdariduatahun.Di RSUD Surakartaanak yang diaresebesar6,96%.
Tujuan:Untukmempelajaridanmemahamiasuhankebidananpadakasusdiareakutdeh idrasisedangdi RSUD Surakarta secarakomprehensif.
Metode:Observasionaldeskriptifdenganpendekatanstudikasus. Subjek penelitian An. M dengan diare akutdehidrasi sedang. Tempat : RSUD Surakarta.Cara pengambilan data melalui wawancara, observasi langsung dan studi dokumen rekam medik. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif berdasar 7 langkah Varney.
Hasil: An.M umur 1 tahun 6bulandatang dengan keluhan BAB cair kurang lebih 10 kali. Telah diberikan cairanelektrolit, antibiotik,antipiretik, antiemetik, analgesik,danobatsaluran
cerna.Anaktelahtercukupikebutuhanhidrasinyadankondisimembaik.Kesenjangan berupapemberianantibiotikdanantiemetikpadaanak, sertatidak dilakukanobservasi
output/intakecairan.
Kesimpulan : An.Mumur 1 tahun 6bulandengandiareakutdehidrasisedang. Setelah dilakukan perawatan selama 4 hari, tinja anak sudah tidak cair, perut tidak kembung, status hidrasi baik, dan turgor baik.Tidak dilakukanobservasi
output/intakecairan sertadiberikannyaantibiotikdanantiemetik.
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vii ABSTRACT
IDA PERMATASARI. R0312083. MIDWIFERY CARE OF AN ILL TODDLER ON CHILD M AGED 1 YEAR AND 6 MONTHS WITH ACUTE DIARRHEA AND MODERATE DEHYDRATION AT PEDIATRIC WARD OF THE LOCAL GENERAL HOSPITAL OF SURAKARTA. The study Program of Diploma III in Midwifery Science, the Faculty of Medicine, SebelasMaret University.
Background: The percentage mortality and morbidity of toddlers aged less than two years due to diarrhea was approximately 80%. At the aforementioned hospital, the percentage of toddlers suffering from diarrhea was 6.96%.
Objective:To study and understand the midwifery care on the acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration comprehensively.
Method:This research used the observational descriptive research method with the case study approach. Its subject was Baby M with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration. The data of research were collected through in-depth interview, direct observation, and content analysis of medical record and descriptively analyzed by using Varney’s SevenSteps.
Result:Baby M had loose stools for approximately 10 times. The client was given electrolyte, antibiotic, antipyretic, antiemetic, analgesic, and gastrointestinal medicines. Following the treatment, the hydration was resolved, and the condition of the client was good. However, gaps were found that the administration of antibiotic and antiemetic therapies were not inappropriate, and observation on the fluid outputs and intakes was not done.
Conclusion: Following the four days of treatment, the loose stools were not present, the stomach was not bloated, the hydration status and the turgor were good.
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ABSTRACT
IDA PERMATASARI. R0312083. MIDWIFERY CARE OF AN ILL TODDLER ON CHILD M AGED 1 YEAR AND 6 MONTHS WITH ACUTE DIARRHEA AND MODERATE DEHYDRATION AT PEDIATRIC WARD OF THE LOCAL GENERAL HOSPITAL OF SURAKARTA. The study Program of Diploma III in Midwifery Science, the Faculty of Medicine, SebelasMaret University, Surakarta 2015.
Background: The percentage mortality and morbidity of toddlers aged less than two years due to diarrhea was approximately 80%. At theLocal General Hospital of Surakarta, the percentage of toddlers suffering from diarrhea was 6.96%.
Objective: The objective of this research is to study and understand the midwifery care on the acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration at theLocal General Hospital of Surakarta comprehensively.
Method:This research used the observational descriptive research method with the case study approach. The subject of research was Baby M with acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration. The research was done at theLocal General Hospital of Surakarta. The data of research were collected through in-depth interview, direct observation, and content analysis of medical record. The data of research were
descriptively analyzed by using Varney’s SevenSteps.
Result: BabyM aged one year and six months was admitted to the hospital. The client had loose stools for approximately 10 times. The client was given electrolyte, antibiotic anti pyretic, anti emetic, analgesic, and gastrointestinal medicines. Following the treatment, the hydration was resolved, and the condition of the client was good. However, gaps were found that the administration of anti biotic and anti emetic therapieswas not in appropriate, and observation on the fluid outputs and intakes was not done.
Conclusion: Child M aged one year and six monthssuffered from acute diarrhea and moderate dehydration. Following the four days of treatment, the loose stools were not present, and the stomach was not bloated, the hydration status was good, and the turgor was good. Yet, gaps were found that observation on the fluid outputs and intakes was not done, and the administration of anti biotic and anti emetic medicines was not in appropriate.
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viii DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL... i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN... ii
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN... iii
KATA PENGANTAR... iv
ABSTRAK... ... vi
ABSTRACT... ... vii
DAFTAR ISI... viii
DAFTAR TABEL... xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR... xii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN... xiii
BAB I. PENDAHULUAN... 1
A. Latar Belakang ... 1
B. Perumusan Masalah ... 3
C. Tujuan ... 3
D. Manfaat ... 5
BAB II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA... 7
A. TeoriMedis ... 7
1. Balita ... 7
a. Pengertian ... 7
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2. Diare... 8
a. Pengertian ... 8
b. Etiologi... 9
c. Patofisiologi ... 11
d. FaktorPredisposisi... 15
e. FaktorResiko ... 16
f. TandaKlinis/Laboratori ... 16
g. Prognosis... 18
h. PenatalaksanaanDiare ... 19
1) PenggantianCairan (Rehidrasi) ... 19
2) TerapiDietetik ... 21
3) TerapiFarmakologi... 23
B. TeoriManajemenKebidanan... 27
1. Penerapan 7 Langkah Varney... 27
2. Follow UpData PerkembanganKondisiKlien ... 35
BAB III. METODE PENELITIAN STUDI KASUS... 38
A. Jenis Penelitian... 38
B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ... 38
C. Subyek Penelitian... 38
D. Jenis Data ... 38
E. Teknik Pengambilan Data... 39
F. Analisis Data ... 40
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x
BAB IV.HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN... 41
A. Hasil Penelitian ... 41
B. Pembahasan... 51
BAP V. PENUTUP... 62
A. Kesimpulan ... 62
B. Saran ... 64
DAFTAR PUSTAKA... 65
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DAFTAR TABEL
[image:13.595.127.505.198.503.2]Tabel 2.1Derajatdehidrasiberdasarkan MTBS ... 13
Tabel2.2Jumlahpemberianoralit... 20
Tabel 2.3Jumlahpemberiancairanintravena... 21
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xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
[image:14.595.166.435.240.495.2]Gambar 2.1Pathwaydiare... 12
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 : JadwalKegiatanStudiKasus
Lampiran 2 : LembarPermohonan Responden
Lampiran 3 : LembarPersetujuan Responden
Lampiran 4 : AsuhanKebidanandan SOAP
Lampiran 5 : TabelHasilPemeriksaanLaboratorium
Lampiran 6 : TabelHasilObservasi
Lampiran7 : SAP Diare
Lampiran 8 : ProsedurPengukuranNadi
Lampiran 9 : ProsedurPengukuranPernapasan
Lampiran 10 : ProsedurPengukuranSuhu
Lampiran 11 : ProsedurMenyiapkanObatSuntikandari Vial
Lampiran 12 : ProsedurPemasanganInfus
Lampiran 13 : ProsedurInjeksiIntravena
Lampiran 14 : ProsedurMemandikan
Lampiran 15 : Lembar Surat IjinPengambilan Data di RSUD Surakarta
Lampiran 16 : Lembar Surat IjinPengambilan Data di DKK Surakartauntuk
Kesbangpol
Lampiran 17 : Lembar Surat IjinPengambilan Data di DKK Surakartauntuk
Bappeda
Lampiran 18 : Lembar Surat IjinPengambilan Data di DKK Surakartauntuk
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Lampiran 19 : LembarKonsultasi KTI PembimbingUtama
