i
AN
AN
AN
AN ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS OF
OF
OF
OF SPEECH
SPEECH
SPEECH
SPEECH FUNCTION
FUNCTION
FUNCTION
FUNCTION USED
USED
USED
USED
IN
IN
IN
IN BILINGUAL
BILINGUAL
BILINGUAL
BILINGUAL CLASS
CLASS
CLASS
CLASS SYSTEM
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
SYSTEM OF
OF
OF
OF MAN
MAN
MAN
MAN 2
2
2
2 KUDUS
KUDUS
KUDUS
KUDUS
IN
IN
IN
IN THE
THE
THE
THE ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC YEAR
YEAR
YEAR
YEAR 2012/2013
2012/2013
2012/2013
2012/2013
By By By By DIAN DIAN DIAN
DIAN SAVITRISAVITRISAVITRISAVITRI NIM
NIM
NIMNIM 200932307200932307200932307200932307
ENGLISH ENGLISH
ENGLISHENGLISH EDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATION DEPARTMENTDEPARTMENTDEPARTMENTDEPARTMENT TEACHER
TEACHER
TEACHERTEACHER TRAININGTRAININGTRAININGTRAINING ANDANDANDAND EDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATION FACULTYFACULTYFACULTYFACULTY MURIA
MURIAMURIAMURIA KUDUSKUDUSKUDUSKUDUS UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITYUNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY 2013
iii
AN
AN
AN
AN ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS OF
OF
OF
OF SPEECH
SPEECH
SPEECH
SPEECH FUNCTION
FUNCTION
FUNCTION
FUNCTION USED
USED
USED
USED
IN
IN
IN
IN BILINGUAL
BILINGUAL
BILINGUAL
BILINGUAL CLASS
CLASS
CLASS
CLASS SYSTEM
SYSTEM
SYSTEM
SYSTEM OF
OF
OF
OF MAN
MAN
MAN
MAN 2
2
2
2 KUDUS
KUDUS
KUDUS
KUDUS
IN
IN
IN
IN THE
THE
THE
THE ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC
ACADEMIC YEAR
YEAR
YEAR
YEAR 2012/2013
2012/2013
2012/2013
2012/2013
SKRIPSI SKRIPSISKRIPSISKRIPSI
Presented
PresentedPresentedPresented totototo thethethethe UniversityUniversity ofUniversityUniversityofofof MuriaMuriaMuriaMuria KudusKudusKudusKudus In
In
InIn PartialPartialPartialPartial ofofofof thethethethe RequirementsRequirementsRequirementsRequirements forforforfor CompletingCompletingCompletingCompleting thethethethe SarjanaSarjanaSarjanaSarjana ProgramProgramProgramProgram In
InIn theInthethethe DepartmentDepartmentDepartmentDepartment ofof EnglishofofEnglishEnglishEnglish EducationEducationEducationEducation
By By By By DIAN DIAN DIAN
DIAN SAVITRISAVITRISAVITRISAVITRI NIM
NIM
NIMNIM 200932307200932307200932307200932307
ENGLISH ENGLISH
ENGLISHENGLISH EDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATION DEPARTMENTDEPARTMENTDEPARTMENTDEPARTMENT TEACHER
TEACHER
TEACHERTEACHER TRAININGTRAININGTRAININGTRAINING ANDANDANDAND EDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATIONEDUCATION FACULTYFACULTYFACULTYFACULTY MURIA
MURIAMURIAMURIA KUDUSKUDUSKUDUSKUDUS UNIVERSITYUNIVERSITYUNIVERSITYUNIVERSITY 2013
MOTTO
MOTTOMOTTOMOTTO ANDANDANDAND DEDICATIONDEDICATIONDEDICATIONDEDICATION
MOTTO MOTTO MOTTO MOTTO
“People will know who you are from your writing” (Anonymous) “Write whatever you want. Sometime you will reach your dreams” (Anonymous) DEDICATION DEDICATION DEDICATION DEDICATION � � �
� My parents who pray and support me every time
and everywhere
� � �
� My lovely family who always support me in
doing this final project
� � �
� My partner in KSR PMI UMK, BEM FKIP
UMK and MRC Indonesia who give me spirit and encouragement
� � �
� My “Functional Grammar” lecturer. You are my
v
ADVISOR
ADVISORADVISORADVISOR’’’’SSSS APPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsi of Dian Savitri (NIM: 2009 32 307) has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the Examining Committee. Kudus, 08thof July 2013 Advisor I Titis Titis Titis
Titis Sulistyowati,Sulistyowati,Sulistyowati,Sulistyowati, S.S.,S.S.,S.S.,S.S., M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
NIP. 19810402 200501 2 001 Kudus, Advisor II Fitri Fitri Fitri
Fitri BudiBudiBudiBudi Suryani,Suryani,Suryani,Suryani, S.S.,S.S.,S.S.,S.S., M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001155
Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Dr. Dr.
Dr. SlametSlametSlametSlamet Utomo,Utomo,Utomo,Utomo, M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
EXAMINER EXAMINER EXAMINER
EXAMINER’’’’SSSS APPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVAL
This is to certify that the Skripsiof Dian Savitri (NIM: 2009 32 307) has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English Education.
Kudus, 08thof July 2013
Skripsi Examining Committee:
Chairperson
Titis Titis Titis
Titis Sulistyowati,Sulistyowati,Sulistyowati,Sulistyowati, S.S.,S.S.,S.S.,S.S., M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
NIP. 19810402 200501 2 001
Member
Fitri Fitri Fitri
Fitri BudiBudiBudiBudi Suryani,Suryani,Suryani,Suryani, S.S.,S.S.,S.S.,S.S., M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001155
Member
Atik Atik Atik
Atik Rokhayani,Rokhayani,Rokhayani,Rokhayani, S.Pd.,S.Pd.,S.Pd.,S.Pd., M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001207
Member
Dra. Dra. Dra.
Dra. SriSriSriSri EndangEndangEndangEndang Kusmaryati,Kusmaryati,Kusmaryati,Kusmaryati, M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
NIS. 0610701000001009 Acknowledged by
The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Dean,
Dr. Dr. Dr.
Dr. SlametSlametSlametSlamet Utomo,Utomo,Utomo,Utomo, M.PdM.PdM.PdM.Pd
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT
With the name of God let the writer thanks to Allah SWT for His mercies, blessings, and guidance so I am able to finish this final project entitled An Analysis of Speech Function Used in Bilingual Class System of MAN 2 Kudus in The Academic Year 2012/2013 easily. I conduct this final project as the way to fulfill a requirement of undergraduate program.
This research proposal can not finish by the writer without any help from the important people around her:
1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd, as The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University
2. Diah Kurniati, M.Pd, as The Head of English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University
3. Titis Sulistyowati, S.S, M.Pd and Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd, as the advisor for this final project
4. Drs. Lahmudin, as the English teacher in MAN 2 Kudus
5. The tenth grade (X-9) students of Bilingual Class System in MAN 2 Kudus 6. My beloved parents who pray everyday
7. My friends who encourage me in writing this final project
I hope this research is useful for the reader to learn functional grammar, especially on interpersonal meaning that holds an important role in interaction.
I realize that this final project is not perfect. Therefore, I open a wide place to criticize this work. Besides, I want to say sorry if there is a mistake words in writing this final project. I open for critics and suggestion available in savitri.dian88@gmail.com.
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ABSTRACT ABSTRACTABSTRACTABSTRACT
Savitri, Dian. 2013. An Analysis of Speech Function Used in Bilingual Class System of MAN 2 Kudus in The Academic Year 2012/2013. Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (1) Titis Sulistyowati, S.S., M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd.
Key words:Speech function, spoken language, teacher – students’ interaction, MOOD type
Spoken language has considered as the important aspect in English since it is often used in daily communication. Communication exists through giving and receiving a message and it occurred two sides. Unfortunately, the usage of spoken language in English has not implemented fully, especially in the learning process. As the result, the speaker and the hearer create misinterpreting. Limited vocabulary, gesture, and understanding of the English structure make long lists as a reason that speaking English is difficult. Actually, we can solve the problem of misunderstanding when they know how to have a good interaction and taking position. This way exists in the interpersonal meaning. It is a meaning expressed attitude and judgements.
The objective of this research is to find out the clause MOOD and the speech function in bilingual class system of MAN 2 Kudus in the academic year 2012/2013.
I used qualitative method for this research, which will describe my findings. Qualitative research is a research which the findings are not resulted by statistic procedure or other calculation. However, in this method a number means something. It has interpretation for the research. For example, if the speaker uses question mostly than the other type like statement, it means that the speaker has higher status than the listener.
The finding of this research is the teacher often used the question pattern to explore the students’ knowledge. However, the main goal when the teacher gives question is to trigger and motivate the students in speaking English confidently. So, I can conclude that the teacher still dominates the classroom. The teacher here is still as the initiator and without him the communication will not exist, because the teacher still control the communication. In addition, his students just follow him and give simple answer for the teacher’s question.
This research might be more interesting to be discussed if the teacher knows the result and try to implement in the classroom. Besides, the students need uses and practice the other MOOD type. From the finding, the students often use elliptical clause or incomplete pattern. Therefore, it is important for them to use other type, such as statement, question and command completely.
ABSTRAK ABSTRAKABSTRAKABSTRAK
Savitri, Dian. 2013. Analisis Speech Function yang digunakan oleh Sistem Kelas Dua Bahasa di MAN 2 Kudus Tahun Ajaran 2012/2013. Skripsi. Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, UniversitasMuria Kudus. Pembimbing: (1) Titis Sulistyowati, S.S., M.Pd., (2) Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S., M.Pd.
Kata kunci: Speech Function, bahasa lisan, interaksi guru – siswa, MOOD type
Bahasa lisan merupakan aspek penting dalam Bahasa Inggris. Hal ini dikarenakan bahasa lisan lebih sering digunakan pada komunikasi sehari-hari. Adanya sebuah komunikasi ditimbulkan karena adanya pemberian dan penerimaan pesan dan terjadi secara dua arah. Sayangnya penggunaan bahasa lisan pada Bahasa Inggris belum seutuhnya diaplikasikan, terutama dalam proses pembelajaran di kelas. Akibatnya antara si pembicara (guru) dan si pendengar (siswa) timbul kesalahan interpretasi dan makna. Ditambah lagi dengan adanya keterbatasan perbendaharaan kata, gerak isyarat dan pemahaman struktur Bahasa Inggris. Semua hal ini menambah daftar panjang untuk dijadikan sebagai alasan betapa susahnya berbicara Bahasa Inggris. Sebenarnya, permasalahan mengenai interpretasi di atas dapat diselesaikan ketika mereka saling mengetahui bagaimana cara berinteraksi yang baik dan pengambilan posisi (peran). Cara tersebut dibahas lebih lanjut pada pemahaman makna bahasa tentang hubungan antar perseorangan (interpersonal meaning). Sebuah makna yang mengekspresikan tingkah laku pembicara dan pendapat.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan tipe MOOD dan speech function di kelas dua bahasa MAN 2 Kudus tahun ajaran 2012/2013.
Di sini saya menggunakan metode kualitatif yang akan menggambarkan arti dari temuan saya. Metode kualitatif adalah sebuah metode di mana temuannya tidak berupa hitungan dan angka-angka. Namun demikian, pada metode kualitatif ini, temuan berupa angka memiliki interpretasi terhadap penelitian. Sebagai contoh, ditemukan bahwa pola kalimat pertanyaan si pembicara lebih banyak jumlahnya dari pola kalimat lain seperti pernyataan, maka hal ini berarti bahwa si pembicara memiliki status yang lebih tinggi dari si pendengar.
Penemuan saya terhadap penelitian ini adalah pola kalimat pertanyaan lebih sering digunakan guru dalam berkomunkasi dengan siswa. Meskipun demikian, ketika guru melontarkan sebuah pertanyaan, hal itu tidak lebih dari memacu dan memotivasi siswa untuk percaya diri berbicara Bahasa Inggris. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran guru masih mendominasi di dalam kelas. Guru masih menjadi seorang inisiator dan tanpanya komunikasi tidak akan berjalan. Guru masih memegang kendali akan komunikasi di dalam kelas. Sedangkan siswa hanya mengikuti dan terkadang memberi jawaban singkat atas pertanyaan dari guru.
xi
Penelitian ini mungkin akan lebih menarik untuk dibahas ketika guru mengetahui hasil dari penemuan ini dan mau menerapkannya di kelas. Selain itu, siswa juga perlu menggunakan dan mempraktekkan bentuk klausa MOOD yang lain. Karena ditemukan bahwa siswa lebih sering menggunakan kalimat eliptik atau pola kalimat yang kurang lengkap. Sehingga penting bagi mereka untuk menggunakan bentuk lain seperti bentuk pernyataan, pertanyaan, juga perintah dengan pola kalimat yang sempurna.
TABLE TABLE
TABLETABLE OFOFOFOF CONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTS
COVER COVER
COVERCOVER............ iiii
LOGO LOGO LOGOLOGO............ iiiiiiii TITLE TITLE TITLETITLE............ iiiiiiiiiiii MOTTO MOTTO MOTTOMOTTO ANDANDANDAND DEDICATIONDEDICATIONDEDICATIONDEDICATION............ iviviviv ADVISOR ADVISOR ADVISORADVISOR’’’’SSSS APPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVAL............ vvvv EXAMINER EXAMINER EXAMINEREXAMINER’’’’SSSS APPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVALAPPROVAL............ vivivivi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT............viiviiviivii ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACTABSTRACT............ixixixix ABSTRAK ABSTRAK ABSTRAKABSTRAK............ xxxx TABLE TABLE TABLETABLE OFOFOFOF CONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTSCONTENTS............ xiixiixiixii LIST LIST LISTLIST OFOFOFOF TABLESTABLESTABLESTABLES............ xvixvixvixvi LIST LIST LISTLIST OFOFOFOF APPENDICESAPPENDICESAPPENDICESAPPENDICES............ xviixviixviixvii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Research...1
1.2. Statement of the Problems...4
1.3. Objective of the Research...4
1.4. Significance of the Research...4
1.5. Scope of the Research...5
1.6. Operational Definition...5
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE 2.1. Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 2 Kudus...7
2.2. Systemic Functional Linguistic...8
2.3. The Grammar of Interpersonal Meaning : MOOD... 9
2.4. Speech Functions... 10
xiii
2.4.2. Speech Functions and Typical MOOD of Clause...16
2.5. The MOOD Element...17
2.5.1. Subject...18 2.5.2. Finite... 19 2.5.3. Predicator... 20 2.5.4. Complement...20 2.5.5. Adjunct...21 2.6. Type of MOOD...24
2.7. Review of Previous Research... 28
2.8. Theoretical Framework...29
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH 3.1. Design of the Research... 30
3.2. Data and Data Source...31
3.3. Technique of Collecting Data... 31
3.4. Technique of Analyzing data... 31
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH...35
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION 5.1.. MOOD Type Analysis...74
5.1.1.. Declarative... 75
5.1.3.. WH-Interrogative...77 5.1.4.. Polar-Interrogative... 78 5.1.5.. Elliptical Interrogative... 79 5.1.6.. Imperative... 80 5.1.7.. Elliptical Imperative...81 5.1.8.. Minor Clause...82
5.2..Speech Function Analysis... 83
5.2.1.. Initiating Speech Function... 83
5.2.1.1... Statement...83
5.2.1.2... Command... 84
5.2.1.3... Question... 86
5.2.2... Responding Speech Function... 87
5.2.2.1... Compliance...88
5.2.2.2... Acknowledgement...89
5.2.2.3... Answer... 90
5.2.2.4... Contradiction...91
5.2.2.5... Disclaimer... 92
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 6.1..Conclusion... 94
6.2..Suggestion... 96
REFERENCES REFERENCES
xv APPENDICES APPENDICES APPENDICESAPPENDICES............98989898 STATEMENT STATEMENT STATEMENTSTATEMENT............ 174174174174 CURRICULUM CURRICULUM
LIST LIST LIST
LIST OFOFOFOF TABLESTABLESTABLESTABLES
Table Table
TableTable PagePagePagePage
2.1. Giving or demanding, goods & services or information... 11
2.2. Speech function pairs (initiations and responses)... 12
2.3. Speech function and typical MOOD... 17
2.4. Finite elements in simple present and past tense...19
2.5. Categories of MOOD adjunct...22
2.6. Meanings identified as comment adjunct... 23
3.1. The example of analyzing speech function realized by clause MOOD... 34
4.1. MOOD Types and Speech Function Analysis of Teacher and Students Interaction Used in Bilingual Class System of MAN 2 Kudus in The Academic Year 2012/2013... 36
4.2. The Percentage of MOOD Types in the bilingual class activity of MAN 2 Kudus...71
4.3. The Percentage of Speech Function in the bilingual class activity of MAN 2 Kudus...71
xvii
LIST
LISTLISTLIST OFOFOFOF APPENDICESAPPENDICESAPPENDICESAPPENDICES
Appendix Appendix
AppendixAppendix PagePagePagePage
1. Video Transcription of Teaching and Learning of Bilingual Class System In MAN 2 Kudus in The Academic Year 2012/2013...98 2. Analysis of MOOD Type and Speech Function of Video Transcription of
Teaching and Learning of Bilingual Class System In MAN 2 Kudus in The Academic Year 2012/2013...116
