33
In this chapter, the researcher discussed about the findings of the research.
The findings of the research referred to the research questions presented in chapter one.
1. Students’ Perception of Online Learning
The findings of this study show how the perceptions of students during online learning in the English Education Department of teacher and training faculties of UIN SUSKA Riau. The questionnaire had 12 items.
The items was constructed based on the indicators in the operational concept and for each item was measured by using Likert scale.
Then, the data were collected through the following procedures:
a. The researcher distributed the questionnaire to 105 students in the classroom.
b. The researcher evaluated the result of 105 students’ answer by using Microsoft Excel and SPSS program.
c. After getting the score, the researcher categorized the score into the scale of each indicator to know the students’ perception of online learning.
The questionnaire distributed to the students was had four different options that consisted of strongly agree, agree, disagree and strongly disagree. The score for “strongly agree” Was 4, “agree” Was 3, “disagree”
Was 2 and “strongly disagree” Was 1. The descriptions of the data were as follows:
Table IV.1
Item 1, ”I can easily access the online materials everywhere”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 0 0
2 3 2,9
3 52 49,5
4 50 47,6
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 47.6%, agree was 49.5%, disagree was 2.9% and strongly disagree was 0%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 47.6% strongly agree with the questionnaire. The data shows that students strongly agree that online learning can be accessed anywhere during the Covid-19 pandemic. It can be concluded that according to student perceptions related to a place to access online learning is a positive perception, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.2
Item 2, ”I feel the cost for online learning is cheaper”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 4 3,8
2 21 20,0
3 42 40,0
4 38 36,2
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 36.2%, agree was 40%, disagree was 20% and strongly disagree was 3.8%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 40% agree with the questionnaire. Data shows that students agree that the costs incurred during online learning are cheaper, They can continue their education even if they choose not to attend class. The majority of students must pay more if they live far from the university, therefore they must also cover the cost of accommodation, daily expenses, and other essentials. However, with online learning, students may learn anywhere with internet connection. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to the costs incurred during online learning are cheaper is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.3
Item 3, ” I can access learning anytime”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 0 0
2 8 7,6
3 59 56,2
4 38 36,2
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 36.2%, agree was 56.2%, disagree was 7.6% and strongly disagree was 0%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 56.2% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shown that the students agree with the statement that they can access learning anytime, they are happy because their study time is more flexible and easy to access. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to can access learning anytime is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.4
Item 4, ”I have technology media that supports online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 1 1,0
2 7 6,7
3 70 66,7
4 27 25,7
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 25.7%, agree was 66.7%, disagree was 6.7% and strongly disagree was 1%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 66,7% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shows that students have technology that supports them in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic, they can access learning by using a smartphone or laptop. It can be concluded that according to students
perceptions related to the technology media that supports online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.5
Item 5, “I always look for information related to material from various sources during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 0 0
2 11 10,5
3 58 55,2
4 36 34,3
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 34.3%, agree was 55.2%, disagree was 10.5% and strongly disagree was 0%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 55.2% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shows that students agree that they are always looking for information from various sources related to learning materials. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to always look for information related to material from various sources during online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.6
Item 6, “I can do learning independently during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 3 2,9
2 20 19,0
3 70 66,7
4 12 11,4
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 11.4%, agree was 66.7%, disagree was 19% and strongly disagree was 2.9%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 66.7% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shown that the students agree that they can do learning independently during online learning, they can take part in online learning and work on assignments given by the teacher independently even if it did not interact directly in the classroom. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to they can do learning independently during online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.7
Item 7, “I can arrange schedules independently during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 2 1,9
2 17 16,2
3 79 75,2
4 7 6,7
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 6.7%, agree was 75.2%, disagree was 16.2% and strongly disagree was 1.9%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the
highest frequency with a percentage of 75.2% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shown that the students agree that they can arrange schedules independently during online learning, they can create and adhere to a study schedule while participating in online learning. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to arrange schedules independently during online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.8
Item 8, “I can understand learning during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 11 10,5
2 57 54,3
3 36 34,3
4 1 1,0
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 1%, agree was 34.3%, disagree was 54.3% and strongly disagree was 10.5%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 54.3% disagree with the questionnaire.
The data shown that the students disagree that they can understand learning during online learning, because not all students can understand the material provided by the teacher when offline class, especially understand of material when online learning where sometimes there are various obstacles during the online learning process. It can be concluded that according to students
perceptions related to understand learning during online learning is negative perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.9
Item 9, “My ability to use technology has increased during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 1 1,0
2 11 10,5
3 62 59,0
4 31 29,5
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 29.5%, agree was 59%, disagree was 10.5% and strongly disagree was 1%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 59% agree with the questionnaire. The data shown that the students agree that their students' ability to use technology increases during online learning, because they always practice doing new things such as doing assignments online, making video presentations and then uploading them to YouTube, or sharing them in class groups or other learning applications.. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to the students' ability to use technology increases during online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.10
Item 10, “I am treated as an equal to other students during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 1 1,0
2 20 19,0
3 68 64,8
4 16 15,2
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 15.2%, agree was 64.8%, disagree was 19% and strongly disagree was 1%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 64.8% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shown that the students agree that they are treated as an equal to other students during online learning process. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to the equality is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.11
Item 11, “I have good communication with lecturers during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 3 2,9
2 38 36,2
3 54 51,4
4 10 9,5
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 9.5%, agree was 51.4%, disagree was 36.2% and strongly disagree was 2.9%.
So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105.
From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 51.4% agree with the questionnaire.
The data shown that the students agree that they have good communication with lecture during online learning process. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to communication with lecturers during online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
Table IV.12
Item 12, “I have good communication with other students during online learning”
Valid
Frequency Percent
1 3 2,9
2 19 18,1
3 72 68,6
4 11 10,5
Total 105 100,0
Based on the explanation in table III.3, the researcher finds that in the table above, it can be seen that the score percentage for strongly agree was 10.5%, agree was 68.6%, disagree was 18.1% and strongly disagree was 2.9%. So, the total of percentage of score was 100% from the total score was 105. From the table above, the data obtained in the questionnaire showed the highest frequency with a percentage of 68.6% agree with the questionnaire. The data shown that the students agree that they have good communication with other students during online learning. It can be concluded that according to students perceptions related to communication
with other students during online learning is positive perceptions, can be seen from the high percentage on the table list.
According to the data presentation, the writer found that the collection of percentage for each items in the questionnaire. The score is analyzed and described in the figure below.
2. Percentage of Students’ Perception of Online Learning Indicators a. Accessability
Figure IV.1 Accessability
Based on the figure IV.1 above, the data shown that the students can easily access the online materials everywhere strongly agree was 47.6%, agree was 49.5%, disagree was 2.9% and strongly disagree was 0%. In term of cost for the strongly agree was 36.2%, agree was 40%, disagree was 20% and strongly disagree was 3.8%. Than, in term of time for the strongly agree was 36.2%, agree was 56.2%, disagree was 7.6% and strongly disagree was 0%. And the last, in term of media for
0 3,8
0 1,0
2,9
20,0
7,6 6,7
49,5
40,0
56,2
66,7
47,6
36,2 36,2
25,7
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Location Cost Time Media
SDA DA S SA
the strongly agree was 25.7%, agree was 66.7%, disagree was 6.7% and strongly disagree was 1%. So, Results of accumulation states that 97.1% of students can access learning online properly and 2.1% of students cannot access online learning well.
b. Independent of Learning
Figure IV.2
Independent of Learning
Based on the figure IV.2 above, the data shown that the students always look for information related to material from various sources for the strongly agree was 34.3%, agree was 55.2%, disagree was 10.5% and strongly disagree was 0%. In term of learning independently for the strongly agree was 11.4%, agree was 66.7%, disagree was 19% and strongly disagree was 2.9%. And the last, in term of arrange the schedule independently for the strongly agree was 6.7%, agree was 75.2%, disagree was 16.2% and strongly disagree was 1.9%. So,
0 10,5 2,9 19,0 1,9 16,2 55,2
66,7 75,2
34,3
11,4 6,7
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Look for information related
to material from various sources during online
learning
Can do learning independently
Arrange schedules independently
SDA DA S SA
Results of accumulation states that 89.5% of students are able to learn independently well and 10.5% of students unable to learn independently well.
c. Effectiveness of Learning
Figure IV.3
Effectiveness of Learning
Based on the figure IV.3 above, the data shown that the students can understand of learning during online learning for the strongly agree was 1.0%, agree was 34.3%, disagree was 54.3% and strongly disagree was 10.5%. and in term of ability to use technology has increased for the strongly agree was 29.5%, agree was 59%, disagree was 10.5% and strongly disagree was 2.9%. So, Results of accumulation states that 35.2% of students states that online learning effective. And
10,5
1,0 54,3
10,5 34,3
59,0
1,0
29,5
0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0
Can understand learning during online learning
Ability to use technology has increased during online
learning
SDA DA A SA
64.8% of students are able to learn independently well and 10.5% of students state stated that online learning was not effective.
d. Equality
Figure IV.4 Equality
Based on the figure IV.4 above, the data shown perceptions of students who stated given the same treatment for the strongly agree was 15.2%, agree was 64.8%, disagree was 19% and strongly disagree was 1%. So, the result of accumulation from the whole it was obtained 80% of students stated that it was given the same treatment as other students while 20% stated that they were not treated the same as others.
1,0
19,0
64,8
15,2
,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0
Equality
SDA DA S SAA
e. Communication
Figure IV.5 Communication
Based on the figure IV.5 above, the data shown that the have good communication with lecturers for the strongly agree was 19.5%, agree was 51.4%, disagree was 36.2% and strongly disagree was 2.9%. And in term of communication with others students for the strongly agree was 10,5%, agree was 68.5%, disagree was 18.1% and strongly disagree was 2.9%. So, the results of accumulation about communication between lecturers and students and students and students showing 61% stated that communication was well established and 39% stated that communication was not well established.
2,9 2,9
36,2
18,1 51,4
68,6
9,5 10,5
0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0
Communication with lecturers
Communication with others students
SDA DA A SA
3. How are the students’ perceptions of online learning during the Covid- 19 pandemic?
Table IV.13
The level of student perception of online learning based on questionnaire item
No Indicators Item Total Item
Score (%)
Level of
Answer Perceptions
1 Accessability
Item_1 362 86.2 Highly Positive
Item_2 324 77.1 Positive
Item_3 345 82.1 Positive
Item_4 333 79.3 Positive
2 Independent of Learning
Item_5 340 81.0 Positive
Item_6 301 71.7 Positive
Item_7 301 71.7 Positive
3 Effectiveness of Learning Item_8 237 56.4 Neutral
Item_9 338 80.5 Positive
4 Equality Item_10 309 73.6 Positive
5 Communication Item_11 281 66.9 Neutral
Item_12 301 71.7 Positive
Based on the explanation in table III.4, the researcher finds that in the table above, there are 12 items out of five indicators that can be used to assess students' perceptions of online learning. In item 1 it is known that the score obtained was highly positive. And items 2,3,4,5,6,7,9,10,12 was positive. Finally, items 8 and 11 obtained a neutral.
Table IV.14
The level of student perception of online learning based on indicators of perception
No Indicators Item
Total
Score (%)
Indicator Level of
Answer Score
(%) Perceptions
1 Accessability
Item_1 362 86,2
81,2 Positive
Item_2 324 77,1
Item_3 345 82,1
Item_4 333 79,3
2 Independent of Learning
Item_5 340 81,0
74,8 Positive
Item_6 301 71,7
Item_7 301 71,7
3 Effectiveness of Learning
Item_8 237 56,4
68,5 Positive
Item_9 338 80,5
4 Equality Item_10 309 73,6 73,6 Positive
5 Communication Item_11 281 66,9
69,3 Positive
Item_12 301 71,7
Total 3772 898 367
Positive
Mean 314,3 74,8 73,5
Based on the explanation in table above, the researcher found that the student's perceptions of online learning for all aspect were positive with mean score 73.5%.
B. Discussions
Based on the findings above, researchers found that online learning in the English education department UIN SUSKA RIAU received a positive response on indicators of accessability, independent of learning, effectiveness of learning, equality and communication.
The similarities and differences between the results of this study and the results of previous research by Harmilawati and Khaerunnisa (2020) on Students’ Perception Toward E-Learning In Pandemic Era At
English Education Study Program of IAI Muhammadiyah Sinjai. The result of this research showed that most of the students thought that the use of E-Learning in pandemic era was negative perceptions. These negative perception caused by some reasons, namely: the limitation of network and internet quotes; unsupportive facilities, such as laptop and gadget or handphone; limited time in interacting with lecturers. And the results of previous research by Wahidiyati I. (2020) showed that the majority of subjects considered did not enjoy the full online learning in English teaching and learning is not effective and efficient in terms of time and phone credit.
Furthermore, Sakkir et al., (2021), Their objective of this study was to investigate the students’ perceptions on the use of E-learning while COVID-19 pandemic era. Data were collected using a questionnaire that collected background information of participants and a five-point Likert scale to gauge the students’ perception use of the E-learning in EFL classroom while pandemic COVID-19 era. The findings showed there is only 1 student who strongly agrees with the current e-learning process or said that the E-learning in pandemic COVID-19 era is effective, there are 10 students who said the E-learning is less effective, 1 students say they are moderate (4%), 12 students said E-learning is not effective and 3 student said E-learning is very not effective. There are many factors influenced the students’ perception on the use of E-learning media in COVID-19 pandemic era such as, the signal and network connection; limit
of quota and expensive; lack of lecturers methods; lack of students’
motivation; limitation of time; and lack of interaction.
