A STUDY OF JACK AND MA’S LIFE IN EMMA DONOGHUE’S ROOM
THESIS
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Arts and Humanities Islamic State University of
Sunan Ampel Surabaya
By:
Ida Yulia Maya Syaroh
Reg. Number: A73212099
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ARTS AND HUMANITIES
ISLAMIC STATE UNIVERSITY SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA
ABSTRACT
Syaroh, Ida Yulia Maya. 2016. A Study of Jack and his Ma’s Life in Emma Donoghue’s Room. Thesis. English Department. Faculty of Arts and Humanities. Islamic State University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
The Advisor: Sufi Ikrima Sa’adah, M. Hum.
This thesis focuses on Jack and his Ma as the two main character in Donoghue’s Room who survive without any contact with society and when they are back to the society. The aims of this thesis is to describe Jack and Ma’s life when they are forcefully kept in a single locked room and their plan to escape from that room. It also describes Jack and Ma’s life after getting out of the room. Dealing with the focus, this study uses New Criticism as the main theory to analyze the plot line. It explains the beginning of Jack and Ma stay in the single locked room and describe their life out of the room by its structure.
Key words: Life.
ABSTRAK
Syaroh, Ida Yulia Maya. 2016. A Study of Jack and his Ma’s Life in Emma Donoghue’s Room. Skripsi. English Department. Faculty of Arts and Humanities. Islamic state University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya.
The Advisor: Sufi Ikrima Sa’adah, M.Hum
Skripsi ini fokus terhadap Jack and Ibunya sebagai dua karakter utama dalam novel Room karya Donoghue yang mana mereka bertahan tanpa kontak apapun dengan masyarakat dan ketika mereka kembali berhadapan dengan masyarakat. Tujuan dari skripsi ini adalah mendiskripsikan kehidan Jack dan Ibunya ketika mereka dengan penuh ancaman dijaga didalam sebuah kamar yang terkunci dan mengenai rencana mereka untuk melarikan diri dari kamar tersebut. Juga mendeskripsikan kehidupan mereka setelah berhasil keluar dari kamar tersebut. Berhubungan dari fokus, studi ini menggunakan Kritik Baru sebagai teori utama untuk mengkaji jalan ceritanya. Hal tersebut akan menjelaskan awal mula Jack dan Ibunya bisa tinggal di sebuah kamar yang terkunci dan menjelaskan kehidupan mereka keluar dari kamar tersebut menggunakan susunan dari jalan ceritanya.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Inside cover page ... i
Inside title page ... ii
Declaration page ... iii
Dedication page ... iv
Motto ... v
Advisor’s Approval Page ... vi
Examiner’s Approval Page ... vii
Acknowledgements ... viii
Table of Contents ... x
Abstract ... xii
Abstrak ... xiii
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ... 1
Background of the Study ... 1
Statement of the Problem ... 5
Objective of the Study ... 5
Significance of the Study ... 6
Scope and Limitation ... 6
Method of the Study... 7
Definition of Key Terms ... 9
CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW ... 10
2.1 Theoretical Framework ... 10
2.1.1 New Criticism ... 10
2.1.1.1 Plot ... 12
2.2 Review of related studies ... 15
CHAPTER 3 ANALYSIS ... 16
3.1 Plot analysis ... 18
3.1.1 Exposition ... 18
3.1.2 Complication ... 21
3.1.3 Crisis ... 30
3.1.4 Climax ... 37
3.1.5 Resolution ... 45
CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... 47
4.1 Conclusion ... 47
4.2 Suggestion ... 49
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1Background of the study
Jonathan Culler states in his book ‘Literary theory: a very short introduction’
that literature is language in which the various elements and components of the text are brought into a complex relation (29). Its relation consist of literary terms. In a Glossary of Literary Terms, some elements of literary are action, plot, settings,
characters, point of view, style, conflict, mood, and themes. Culler also states the one reason why readers attend to literature is that its utterances have a special relation to
the world, a relation that is called ‘fictional’. (30)
Novel is one of the form of fictional prose (Holman 298). It has some elements of literary work as character and characterization, plot or structure (Culler
313). Besides, the writer has also found another literary terms in novel as settings, symbol, theme, and actions (Holman 298). Novel is a book-length, fictional prose
story (Glossary of Literary Terms 4). It shows that novel is consisted of some pages and also has a lot of paragraphs.
Before the term novel is used, Roman is term that often used rather than novel
in European countries, so novel is extension of roman in modern era and it has different characteristic that represent realistic world. In different country English, the
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essay “Introduction: What is Literature?” it describes that since the late sixteenth and
early seventeenth centuries, the word Novel are identically both true and fictional
events (www.dartmouth.edu).Holman also states that all novels are representations in fictional Narrative of life or experience, but the form of it has any kind of style and
the author has to prove it (309). All of the explanation above, the writer may concludes that novel is relating to the real world. And we know the relation by actions which is seen in novel.
Action in a play, short story, poem, and novel has dealing with sense. To find the crudest sense an author has to make clear what was really happened in his story
(5). Thus, the writer will analyze the plot line in this study to find out the story in detail. The writer has found one of actions which has crudest sense in a novel. It is about survival.
As stated before, action means major division. Aristotle has implied in
Holman’s book the major parts into five in drama. They are exposition, complication,
climax, falling action, and catastrophe. When Elizabethan era, English dramatist begun using the five parts, and followed by European dramatist too. In some degrees the five parts acts relate to dramatic action (5). Holman also takes Aristotle stated that
imitation of action is called plot (6).
E. M. Forster made distinction between plot and story. A story is narrative
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constructs incidents that makes causal relationship which develop the struggle. The incidents consist of character, settings, and theme that relate each other (336).
Relating to the writer’s topic, the writer will take an international novel Room by Emma Donoghue. The writer chooses this novel as the research object because the
writer was interested about the actions which are happened in the real life. So, we get a lot of valuable things from the novel. Besides that, it has unique and unpredictable story. It is about two major characters Jack and his Ma who survive in a single locked
room for seven years until they manage to escape finally.
As stated in Canadian author’s biography, Emma Donoghue is a writer of
fiction, history, and drama for radio, stage, and screen. She is the author of some fiction’s story are Stir-Fry (1994), Hood (1995), Kissing the Witch (1997), Ladies'
Night at Finbar's Hotel (1999), Slammerkin (2000), The Woman Who Gave Birth to
Rabbits (2002), Life Mask (2004), Touchy Subjects (2006), Landing (2007), The Sealed Letter (2008), Room (2010), Three and a Half Deaths (2011), Astray (2012), and the last Frog Music (2014). She is the best known by her fiction which has been
translated into over forty languages. (www.thecanadianencyclopedia.com)
Room is an international bestseller as soon as it was published in August
2010, Room has now sold well over two million copies. It won the Hughes & Hughes Irish Novel of the Year, the Rogers Writers’ Trust Fiction Prize (for best
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Year), the Forest of Reading Evergreen Award, the W. H. Smith Paperback of the Year Award and the University of Canberra Book of the Year. It was shortlisted for
the Man Booker Prize, the Orange Prize, the Kerry Group Irish Fiction Award, International Author of the Year (Galaxy National Book Awards), the Governor General’s Award and the Trillium English Book Award. The American Library
Association gave it an Alex Award (for an adult book with special appeal to readers 12-18) and the Indie Choice Award for Adult Fiction. The Canadian Library
Association named it as an Honour Book in their Canadian Young Adult Book Award. The four-voiced audiobook version won one of three Publishers Weekly
Listen Up Awards and an Earphones Award. (www.emmadonoghue.com)
The story of Room was begun when Jack has five years old. The story is divided into two parts inside and outside the room. Jack is the second child of his Ma.
His mother has a daughter before Jack, but she got passed away when she was born. She and Jack are the children from their mother and Old Nick. He is a person who abducts and rapes Jack’s mother when she is nineteen years old. Jack was born in a
single locked room. His mother does not want Old Nick to see Jack after his born until he gets five years old. Jack has to survive in a room with his Ma until he is five
years old. Jack is sleeping in a wardrobe at the night because his mother does not want the kidnapper touch Jack. Jack and his Ma are doing anything in a room for about 5 years, it means Jack’s childhood only live in a room. His mother wants to live
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help of someone to call police, and saving his Ma. She takes care and gives Jack not only about public knowledge such as number, plants, his family, but also religious
knowledge. Living in a single room with his ma makes Jack’s love no boundaries.
Based on the discussion above, the writer will analyze about Jack’s life in this
study. The writer will use new criticism as the main theory because it has been a major aspect of literary theory and practice. It is used to analyze plot of Jack’s and Ma’s story starts from the background of Ma to get staying in a single locked room
with Jack. Thus, the writer is decided to make a study with the title A STUDY OF JACK AND MA’S LIFE IN EMMA DONOGHUE’S ROOM.
1.2Statement of problems
Related to the background of the study, the writer formulates one research
question as how is Jack and Ma’s life described in Room by Emma Donoghue?
1.3Objectives of the study
Based on the statement of the problem above, the writer will collect and find out the life of main character with his Ma, and their effort through the story of Room.
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1.4Significance of the study
The significance of the study as the important thing that we get after reading
this study. It is conducted due to both theoretical and practical points.
Theoretically, this study is expected to give additional knowledge in the literary theory which is related about survival. It helps the readers especially for English
Literature Department students on how to analyze a novel based on New Criticism. Therefore, the readers are expected to comprehend more about it.
Practically, the writer hopes that this research will be useful to other people who love novel in order to understand the novel deeply. The writer also hopes that
after reading this study, the readers are able to understand more about survival in their real life. Moreover, this thesis can elaborate the view of English Department students who are interested in survival as the field to be further study.
1.5Scope and limitation
This research is discussing the novel Room by Emma Donoghue. The writer
focuses on Jack and his Ma’s life in the novel and how they survive in a single locked room then manage to escape.
Dealing with the theories applied, the writer adopts New Criticism view that applies the concept of plot to help understanding about Jack and Ma’s life inside and
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1.6Method of Study
This study is library research. The analysis is conducted by using descriptive
qualitative method since the description relies on non-numeric data. According to Wolcott in Creswell’s book, qualitative research is fundamentally interpretive. It
means the researcher makes an interpretation of the data which includes developing a description of an individual or setting, analyzing data for themes or categories, and finally making an interpretation or drawing conclusions about its meaning personally
and theoretically based on the subject of research. The writer use novel Room by Emma Donoghue as the subject. The theory used to help analysis the problem is New
Criticism.
1.6.1 Data and Source of Data
The primary data of this research will be all of the words, phrase, utterances,
and or expression which is consist of the description of Jack and his Ma’s character. The secondary data, the writer will get it from a western novel Room by Emma Donoghue which is published on 2015.
1.6.2 Research Instrument
The writer will be the instrument in this research to collect and analyze the
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that qualitative research uses method which involve the researcher and data in close relationship, and consider the researcher’s perspective. It means the writer as the
primary instrument.
1.6.3 Data Collection
1. Reading novel Room until the end more than one time to get deep understanding.
2. Underlining all of paragraphs, sentences or phrases from the novel which is dealing with the research problems.
3. Selecting some references to support this study.
4. Collecting data that support this study from another resources such as article and online resource by reading from online library.
5. Collecting and downloading some materials from internet which is relating to this study.
1.6.4 Data Analysis
1. The writer will classify a few paragraphs through the topic in this study with intensive reading the whole story.
2. Analyzing the data that has been collected based on statement of problems by using the theory.
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1.7Definition of Key Terms
1. Life : It is experience of being alive. Life is a series of punches. It
presents a lot of challenges. It presents a lot of hardship, but the people that are able to take those punches and able to move forward are the
ones that really do have a lot of success and have a lot of joy in their life and have a lot of stories to tell. (qtd. In Qoiroh 2015)
1.8Organization of The Study
The writer divides this research into four chapters. The first chapter includes information about background of this study, statement of problems, objectives of study, significant of study, research design, and the last is organization of study. The
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Theoretical Framework
This chapter is explanation about some theory that will be used by the writer in analyzing novel Room by Emma Donoghue. The writer will focus in the life story
of Jack and his Ma as the major character. The story are divided into two parts inside and outside the locked room. The writer will use New Criticism as the main theory to
analyze the plot line in this study.
2.1.1 New Criticism
Castle stated in his book ‘The Blackwell Guide to Literary Theory’ that the
twentieth century is often called an age of criticism, and in the richness and
complexity of its systems, the rigor of its application, and the enthusiasm of its espousal of the cause of the literary arts it can wear that title with honor. The New
Criticism is an Anglo American variety of Formalism that emerged in the early decades of the twentieth century and dominated teaching and scholarship until the early 1960s. By the end of the First World War, a new generation of poets were
experimenting with form and language, and their work could no longer be judged according to the biographical and aesthetic criteria used by traditional critics.
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As the following of Elliot’s emphasis I A Richards, with his focus on close textual
analysis, inspired the development of the New Criticism in America. (Castle 21)
Leavis in Castle’s book is different to Richards, Brooks, and others who wrote extensively about Modernist poetry, Leavis focused on the novel, specifically a
closed system of canonical “great” works in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In The Great Tradition he notes that the “great novelists” are “very much concerned with ‘form’; they are all very original technically, having turned their
genius to the working out of their own appropriate methods and procedures” (Castle 126).
In Chumairoh 2015, According to Tyson in Critical Theory Today, the New Critics introduced to America and called “close reading”. It means that New Critical
focus the reader’s attention on the literary work as the sole source of evidence for
interpreting the text, so that Tyson also called New Criticism as “the text itself” (Tyson 136). The Images, symbols, metaphors, rhyme, meter, point of view, setting,
characterization, plot and so on (137). Richard in Carter’s book involved the any consideration of context, historical or social, and of the biography of the author, its scope was limited but it did have one positive effect. It nurtured the close reading of
literary texts (Carter 25). Furthermore, in analyzing one of literary text novel, we have to do close reading to understand well about the text. Close reading means the
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point of view, symbol, etc. In this study, the writer takes the plot analysis by using New Criticism as the theory.
2.1.1.1 Plot
Abrams states that plot in drama or narrative is work based on act and events, because it is given to achieve the effect of certain artistic and emotional (224). Plot
has a function as demonstrate the quality of moral and dispositional by the authors. It means story in plot is integral to human experience; the author uses it constantly to
make sense out of his experience, to remember and relate events and significant, and to establish the basic patterns of behavior of his lives. (qtd.in Alfisuma 17)
According to Cuddon in dictionary of literary terms and literary theory, plot is the plan, design, scheme or pattern of events in a play, poem or work of fiction; and further, the organization of incident and character in such a way as to induce curiosity
and suspense in the spectator or reader. In the space or time continuum of plot the continual question operates in three tenses: why did that happen? Why is this
happening? What is going to happen next? (676).
Wellek and Warren state that Narrative structure of novel has traditionally been called the “plot”. It is composed of smaller narrative structures, like episodes
and incidents. It means, plot includes literary structures. On the other hand, in book ‘Fiction’, Kennedy and Gioia state that story has a beginning, a middle, and an end.
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critics have found in many classic works of fiction and drama (12). Its structure are divide into five steps:
1. Exposition
It is the beginning of the fiction. An exposition opening a story by all setting
of the scene (if any), introduces the main characters, tells us what happened before the story opened, and provides any other background information that
we need in order to understand and care about the events to follow. (12) According to Cuddon, exposition at the beginning of his play the dramatist is often committed to giving a certain amount of essential information about the
plot and the events which are to come. He may also have to give information about what has ‘already happened'. All this comes under the heading of
exposition (296). 2. Complication
Kennedy and Gioia state that complication is the middle section of story
begins. This moment introduces the new moment (12). In article Mrs. Welty’s Guide to Literary Elements, This part is also called Rising Action. She states
that the rising action occurs as you begin to move throughout the story. This is
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where conflicts start to build just like when you climb a mountain you are moving further along. (http://edtech2.boisestate.edu)
3. Crisis
Crisis is a moment with high tension. The tension is momentarily resolved
(12). It is also known as Conflict. Holman states that conflict is the struggle which grows out of the interplay of the two opposing forces in a plot. The forces in conflicts are divided into four different kinds as at the first is a
struggle against the forces of nature, secondly a struggle against another person, thirdly a struggle against the society, and fourthly a struggle for
mastery by two elements within the person. Holman explains the term of conflict not only implies the struggle of a person against someone or
something. It also implies the existence of some motivation for the conflict or
some goal to be achieved by it. Conflict is the raw material out of which plot is constructed.
4. Climax
Kennedy and Gioia states that climax is the last section of the story. It is the moment of greatest tension at which the outcome is to be decided (12).
Holman states climax is the point of highest interest, the point at which the reader makes the greatest emotional response. The term used in this sense is
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5. Resolution
It is the outcome or conclusion. The events which follow the climax in a plot
(376). According to Cuddon resolution describes those events which form the outcome of the climax of a play or story. It is also the equivalent of falling
action (743). In the same article of Mrs. Welty’s Guide to Literary Elements, the Resolution is the solution to the problem as you have reached the bottom of the mountain. The solution might not be what you want, but the conflict has
been resolved.
2.2Review of Related Studies
There is no one who analyze novel Room in literary thesis, because probably it is included the new novel. But, there is one article from internet that analyze novel Room. The writer will put thesis by using plot analysis in New Criticism theory as the
previous study in this thesis.
The first previous study is an article Separation Anxiety by Aimee Bender on
September 10th 2010. In that article, Bender describes room is two different world for Jack and his Ma. Ma feels room is like a prison, it is a room with villain holding the key, and Ma must keep against her will to go outside. The opposite of Jack’s feeling
that he does not feel trapped in his condition. Jack does not anything about his Ma’s will because he is only son. Jack seems happily in doing routine activity where he
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exercise, singing, and reading. She always understandable her condition with Jack in room.
Secondly, is thesis with the title A Rejection of Saleem Sinai and His Family
to Islamic Sharia’ as Reflected in Midnight Children : New Criticism Studies by
Amelia Dewi Novitasari, the student of Islamic State University Sunan Ampel
Surabaya on 2016. In her study, Novitasari described New Criticism aspects reflected in Midnight Children. She analyzes the form of Saleem Sinai and his family’s
rejection to Islamic sharia and the effects of that rejection. The characters of Saleem’s family are Adam Aziz, Naseem, Saleem Sinai, Amina Sinai, and Ahmed Sinai. The fact, Saleem as the main character was not a biological family members.
Unfortunately his father was getting bankrupt and becoming a person with worse attitude. Then, his father was die and Saleem’s family disappear one by one because
the war between India and Pakistan. Finally, he becomes alone. By using New Criticism, she tries to answer the research questions in her study. She analyze
character, characterization, plot, and moral value.
Thirdly, The Acts of Loving the Orphan in J.K. Rowlings’s Harry Potter
‘Harry Potter and the order of Phoenix’ by Ahmad Syamsudin on 2014, he also the
student of Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya. He described the acts of loving based on New Criticism, although he did not mention it in his title. The main
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George, Ron, and Ginny weasly. Harry Potter is an orphan because of a tragedy. He has two best friends Hermione and Ron. He lives with Ron’s family in series which is
used by this study. They love Harry Potter as their family, and always caring to him. By using New Criticism, he answer his research questions. He analyze character,
characterization, and moral value.
Based on the two previous studies and one article above, there are similarities and differences which is seen in this study. The writer analyze an international novel
Room by Emma Donoghue. The article and this study focus on Jack and his Ma, but the article only describes their life in the room. The opposing, this study also focuses on Jack and his Ma’s life outside the room. The writer puts two thesis that use New
Criticism theory. The first and this study are same. It describes about life of a family. But, the differences is that the first study analyze character, characterization, plot, and
moral value. And the second previous study also analyze which are in the first previous study, but without plot. It difference to this study that only analyze the plot story without other aspects of close reading in New Criticism. The last, this study
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CHAPTER III
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
The writer presents the analysis of Jack’s life in a novel by Emma Donoghue
Room. This analysis focuses on Jack and his Ma as the main characters in novel. Relating to the title as an image of this study’s content and the research problems, the
writer wants to describe the plot for the beginning. It tells the reader exactly how Jack’s story is begun. In all parts of the plot,the writer finds how Jack’s life before
and after getting out of the single locked room. The results will be discussed in the section of discussion below.
1.1 Jack and his Ma’s life in Room
1.1.1 Exposition
The story is begun by the exposition part first. Analyzing exposition does not
answer two research problems in this study, but the writer analyzes the exposition because it is included in plot organizing. It helps the readers to know about Jack’s life
well. The exposition describes how Jack and Ma could live in a single locked room. The exposition of this story tells us a person who becomes the cause of it. In this part, the writer also tells the scene and the way how the person makes his Ma in a single
locked room at the first time without Jack. The quotation that shows its story as follows:
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Ma’s holding me too tight. “I was a student. It was early in the morning, I was crossing a parking lot to get to the college library, listening to —it’s a tiny machine that holds a thousand songs and plays them in your ear, I was the first of my friends to get one.” (Donoghue 116)
From the quotation above, the scene is in the college at morning time because
Jack’s Ma is a student of university. She is abducted by a man whom she never knows before. She and Jack call him Old Nick. Old Nick abducted Jack’s Ma when
she was nineteen years old.
“Anyway — this man ran up asking for help, his dog was having a fit and he thought it might be dying.”
“What’s he called?” “The man?”
I shake my head. “The dog.”
“No, the dog was just a trick to get me into his pickup truck, Old Nick’s truck.”
(Donoghue 116-117)
The second quotation of the exposition tells us the way Old Nick abducted Jack’s Ma. He tried to get Ma’s help by doing a trick. He pretended that there is
something wrong to his dog. It was the way Old Nick made Ma comes into his pickup
truck.
Her hands are too tight, I loosen them. “He put a blindfold on me” “Like Blindman’s Buff?”
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I forgot. “Was the dog in the truck too?”
“There was no dog.” Ma’s sounding cranky again. (Donoghue 117)
The third quotation shows the next step of Old Nick’s trick to Ma. When she arrives in his pickup truck, he puts a blindfold to her. Then, he just drive his truck. In
that quote, the writer prove the lying of Old Nick. There is no dog in his car like his asking, it is only his word tricks.
“Listen,” says Ma, putting her hand over my mouth. “He made me take some bad medicine so I’d fall asleep. Then when I woke up I was here.” It’s nearly black and I can’t see Ma’s face at all now, it’s turned away so I can only hear. (Donoghue 117)
The last quote of this part is showing Old Nick’s last trick. He gives Ma
medicine after putting a blindfold to her. She has the medicine, then feeling asleep. And Old Nick takes her to a locked room. It is the day which Ma begins to stay in a single locked room in her nineteen years old. She is abducted by an unknown man in
her college.
Exposition takes quotes in the 116-177 page because it based on the true story
telling of Ma to Jack. It introduces that they live in a single locked room because Jack’s Ma has been abducted by a man who is called Old Nick. But, the author of
Roomdoesn’t present the motive of abducting. The author only shows that Jack’s Ma
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put a blindfold to her. She has the bad medicine after that and feeling sleepy, and the last she wakes up in a single locked room.
1.1.2 Complication
Kennedy and Gioia state that complication is the middle section of story begins. It tells the new moment of the story. This next analysis, the writer introduces
the new condition of Ma. She is not alone again in the room, but with Jack. It is the beginning when Jack is getting five years old. This analysis includes the activities of
Jack and his Ma. It describes more detail the ways of Ma and Jack on staying in a single locked room. The quotation that shows Jack and his Ma’s story as follows in
the next paragraphs.
Today I’m five. I was four last night going to sleep in Wardrobe, but when I wake up in Bed in the dark I’m changed to five, abracadabra. Before that I was three, then two, then one, then zero. “Was I minus numbers?” (Donoghue 3)
The quote presents Jack’s conversation to his Ma. It is the first paragraph in
Room. It shows the beginning of the story was started when Jack is five years old. We know that Jack is sleeping in the wardrobe at night, then Ma takes him to the bed.
There is something happen at night which is making Jack sleep in wardrobe. And Ma lets him that.
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“I know you’re excited,” she says, “but remember not to nibble your finger, germs could sneak in the hole.”
“To sick me like when I was three with throw-up and diarrhea?” (Donoghue 4)
It is the conversation between Jack and his Ma for asking a present. Ma offers
the present of Jack is given before or after breakfast time. Jack is interested to his surprise. From that paragraph, we know that Ma not only gives Jack a present on his
five birthday, but also his four, three, and his birthday before it. This part begins to describe the characters Jack and Ma.
From the quotes, it is one of others way which is done by his Ma to survive in a single locked room with Jack. It is the better and possible way that can be done in their condition. Ma gives jack a surprise in his every birthday. Although Ma cannot
buy something special for Jack, she still has an idea to give something as his present.
I stroke Table’s scratches to make them better, she’s a circle all white except gray in the scratches from chopping foods. While we’re eating we play Hum because that doesn’t need mouths. I guess “Macarena” and “She’ll Be Coming ’Round the Mountain” and “Swing Low, Sweet Chariot” but that’s actually “Stormy Weather.” So my score is two, I get two kisses. (Donoghue 7)
The writer finds the second way of Ma in surviving with Jack. Ma makes a game which is called ‘Hum’. Hum is the first which is described by Donoghue in
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Probably, it is like a game when Ma is a child. But, there is no explanation about how Ma gets that game before.
We have thousands of things to do every morning, like give Plant a cup of water in Sink for no spilling, then put her back on her saucer on Dresser. (Donoghue 10)
It shows habitual actions which is always done by Jack and Ma in the morning. It means there are a lot of things in their schedule. This is the third way of Jack and his Ma for living in the locked room. They manage their time by doing
positive things, because Ma is really caring to Jack. It is useful for Jack as his great experience.
At 08:30 I press the button on TV and try between the three. I find Dora the Explorer, yippee. (Donoghue 12), and
I’d love to watch TV all the time, but it rots our brains
……So now she always switches off after one show, then the cells multiply again in the day and we can watch another show after dinner and grow more brains in our sleep. (Donoghue 13)
The two quotes present another activity of Jack and Ma in the morning. Jack
loves watching TV, and he likes to watch Dora the Explorer program. Ma lets Jack for watching his favorite program, but she does not let Jack to spend his time only for
watching TV. Ma tells Jack, it will rot his brain. Ma also manages their time only for one TV show in the morning and after dinner. It is the fourth way of Ma in managing
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I’m a bit jiggly so Ma says let’s play Orchestra, where we run around seeing what noises we can bang out of things. I drum on Table and Ma goes knock knock on the legs of Bed, then floomffloomf on the pillows, I use a fork and spoon on Door ding ding and our toes go bam on Stove, but my favorite is stomping on the pedal of Trash because that pops his lid open with a bing. (Donoghue 20)
From the quotation above, it shows another game. Ma asks Jack playing an orchestra. Jack and his Ma push anything in room, and they will make sounds of it. It
makes Jack creative because he knows that different thing has different sound.
Ma hardly ever reads the no-pictures ones except if she’s desperate. When I was four we asked for one more with pictures for Sunday treat and Alice in Wonderland came, I like her but she’s got too many words and lots of them are old. (Donoghue 21)
The quotation shows one of positive activities of Jack and Ma. It is scheduled for reading a book as Sunday treat. It was begun since Jack is four years old. Jack likes a book which has picture like story of Alice in Wonderland. It will add
knowledge for Jack in his life because he gets something after knows some story. It is also exploring Jack’s creativity.
After dinner something amazing, we make a birthday cake. I bet it’s going to be delicioso with candles the same number as me and on fire like I’ve never seen for real.
(Donoghue 26)
The writer finds that Ma not only gives Jack a present for his birthday, but
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Jack’s fifth birthday. Jack is getting candles and the shape is his age now. He is very
happy because he gets candles for the real, not in the TV or book. It is the sixth thing
which is done by Ma and Jack as the fittest thing when Jack has birthday.
She points up at Watch that says 08:57, that’s only three minutes before nine. So I run into Wardrobe and lie down on my pillow and wrap up in Blanket that’s all gray and fleecy with the red piping. I’m just under the drawing of me I forgot was there. Ma puts her head in.“Three kisses?”
“No, five for Mr. Five.” (Donoghue 31)
It presents the time for sleeping. Ma does not let Jack sleep under nine at
night. Ma gives Jack kisses before he sleep. As stated exposition part before, it also shows that Jack has to sleep in a wardrobe. There is still no explanation why Jack
sleep in a wardrobe. It likes something which is done by Jack as usual.
“Ma?” “Mmm?”
“Why am I hided away like the chocolates?”
I think she’s sitting on Bed. She talks quiet so I can hardly hear. “I just don’t want him looking at you. Even when you were a baby, I always wrapped you up in Blanket before he came in.” (Donoghue 32)
The quotes answer why Jack is sleeping in a wardrobe at every night. It because Ma does not want someone to see Jack since he is a baby. And he is Old
Nick who is coming at night, and sleep in the bed with Ma. It means Old Nick comes in the room when the time is after nine at night, and he never knows how Jack’s
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great thing which can be done by his Ma since Jack was a baby. Probably, it will give Jack and His Ma good effect. Because, there is no one knows what will happen in
future.
“Night-night, sleep tight, don’t let the bugs bite.”
The Bugs are invisible but I talk to them and sometimes count, last time I got to 347. (Donoghue 32)
When Old Nick creaks Bed, I listen and count fives on my fingers, tonight it’s 217 creaks. I always have to count till he makes that gaspy sound and stops. I don’t know what would happen if I didn’t count, because I always do.
(Donoghue 46)
The two quotations describe that Ma not only tells Jack about some story, but also giving Jack about number. Jack counts number at night when Jack and his Ma are going to sleep. Jack counts it after he is in the wardrobe while waiting for Old Nick’s coming. It is a thing which is always done by Jack. He thinks that he must do
his own rule before going to sleep.
Monday is a laundry day, we get into Bath with socks, underwears, my gray pants that ketchup squirted on, the sheets and dish towels, and we squish all the dirt out. Ma hots Thermostat way up for the drying, she pulls Clothes Horse out from beside Door and stands him open and I tell him to be strong. (Donoghue 49-50)
The quote shows Jack and Ma’s schedule on Monday. It is time for washing their clothes. They wash the sheets, and towels which is dirty too. Ma and Jack still
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one by one clothes to the thermostat. From that quote, the writer also finds that Ma will hang their clothes up after its process. It because drying clothes by the thermostat
is not enough dry.
Tuesdays and Fridays always smell of vinegar. Ma’s scrubbing under Table with the rag that used to be one of my diapers I wore till I was one. I bet she’s wiping Spider’s web away but I don’t care much. Then she picks up Vacuum who makes it all noisy dusty wahwahwah.(Donoghue 55)
It is their next schedule on Tuesday and Friday. It is the noisiest day than others. Ma do general cleaning of their room. She always wipes the spider’s web. Ma
also uses vacuum to clean their dirt’s room. It is seen how busy his Ma. But, Jack does not help his Ma, because he likes spider’s web and he does not want Ma to clean
it.
Its Wednesday so we wash hair, we makes turbans of bubbles out of Dish Soap. I look around Ma’s neck but not at it. (Donoghue 66-67)
It is washing hair schedule of Jack and his Ma on Wednesday. Ma and Jack add funny things when doing all of their activities in the room. They makes turbans
from bubbles while washing their hair. From that paragraph, the writer finds there is something in Ma’s neck. But Jack does not want to look at it and asking about it to
his Ma. The writer is sure that Ma is getting it in bad condition. It is done by Old
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Most of the afternoon we play Cat’s Cradle, we can do the Candles and the Diamonds and the Manger and the Knitting Needles and we keep practicing the Scorpion except Ma’s fingers always end up stuck. (Donoghue 82)
It is the third game which is done by Jack and his Ma after the ‘Hum’,
Orchestra, and this is called Cat’s Cradle. They often play the game in the afternoon. Jack and Ma are making balance between activities and playing games. They play different game in different time, and it is really useful for Jack’s memorizing. It can
be the exercise for Jack in learning, although he has to study in a single locked room.
After dinner Ma tells me Hansel and Gretel and How the Berlin Wall Fell Down and Rumpelstiltskin. I like when the queen has to guess the little man’s name or else he’ll take her baby away. (Donoghue 88)
It is the schedule after they have their dinner. Ma is telling different story, now it is about Hansel and Gretel, secondly How the Berlin Wall Fell Down, and thirdly Rumplestiltskin. Ma tells all of the story while waiting for sleeping time. Jack is happy listening his Ma’s storytelling, because he can imagine and practice the
story. He is never bored in listening the same story. And sometimes, he plays a drama
with his Ma.
“Oh, Jack.”
“Why he said something’s wrong with me?”
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That quotation is included an activity, it is the conversation between Ma and Jack in the morning after they wake up. It shows there is something happen at night
before between Jack, his Ma, and Old Nick. She loves Jack very much, and never let anyone to hurt him. She does not blame Jack for his mistake, because Jack is only a
boy. Ma often kisses Jack to show her loves and caring.
From the analysis of complication above, the writer finds a lot of activities which is done by Jack and his Ma. This part is different to exposition part before.
Exposition is telling new condition of Ma and Jack, because the story is started by Jack in his fifth birthday. The writer finds the way of Jack and Ma on living in a single locked room which is seen in exposition parts.
The first way, Ma gives surprise by making a birthday cake and present for Jack in his fifth birthday. Secondly, Jack and Ma create more than one game and play it in different time. They are ‘Hum’, Orchestra, Cat’s Cradle, and others. Thirdly,
Jack and Ma do some activities in their schedule. Such as Monday is time for
washing their clothes and dirty towels, Wednesday is time for washing their hair. Fourthly, Ma is telling some story as Alice in Wonderland, Hansel and Gretel, and others story. Fifthly, learning numbers and count it. Jack always does that activity
before going to sleep. The last, Ma always shows her love. She gives Jack kisses, she never blames Jack, and doing the best things for him. All of the activity is creative
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writer finds seven ways which are done by Jack and His Ma on living in a single locked room for five years.
1.1.3 Crisis
Crisis is a moment with high tension. The tension is momentarily resolved. Usually, it is called conflict moment. In this study, crisis is described when Ma wants
to get out of the room with Jack. Her feeling to escape is seen after she has tried it before. She wants to go back home, and meet her family. She has two ideas to escape
from their single locked room, then she and Jack try her two ideas. The quotations follow in the next paragraphs.
She puts her finger on my mouth to hush me. “I came down and I was a kid like you, I lived with my mother and father.” I shake my head. “You’re the mother.”
…..“She’s. . I guess you’d call her Grandma.”
Like Dora’sabuela. St. Anne in the picture that the Virgin Mary’s sitting in her lap. I’m eating the core, it’s nearly nothing now. I put it on Table. “You grew in her tummy?”(Donoghue 103)
The quote is conversation between Jack and his Ma. Ma remembers her past
time when she was a kid likes Jack. She tells Jack that she lives with her father and mother long time ago. The writer finds Ma’s feeling to her parents from that quote.
She is so love and miss her family. Jack does not understand well to her meaning. She
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“Well — actually no, I was adopted. She and my dad —you’d call him Grandpa. And also I had — I have —a big brother called Paul.” I shake my head. “He’s a saint.”
“No, a different Paul.”
How can there be two Pauls?
“You’d call him Uncle Paul.”(Donoghue 103)
In the same page, the story still describes about Ma’s family. That quotation shows the second true story of Ma. The first is in the exposition. Ma tells two names
are Grandpa and her big brother which is called Uncle Paul. And Jack still does not understand to all the names that are mentioned by his Ma. But, she tries to tell Jack about his own family outside the room.
Ma scrunches up the picture. There’s wet on Table, it makes her white all shiny.
“Don’t be crying,” I say.
“I can’t help it.” She rubs the tears over her face. “Whyyou can’t help it?”
“I wish I could describe it better. I miss it.” “You miss the hammock?”
“All of it. Being outside.”(Donoghue 104-105)
It is really seen that Ma’s emotional is in high tension. She cannot manage her
feeling of miss everything about her life before staying in the single locked room. She wants Jack understand of her meaning and condition. It is too hard for Jack to
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room. And he never knows no one else except his Ma and Old Nick since he was a baby.
I sit up too. “Why you don’t like it in Room with me?” Ma holds me tight. “I always like being with you.”
“But you said it was tiny and stinky.”
“Oh, Jack.” She says nothing for a minute. “Yeah, I’d rather be outside. But with you.”
“I like it here with you.” “OK.”(Donoghue 106)
Jack is confused to their condition. Finally he asks his Ma after her feeling is better than some minutes ago. In Jack’s thought, their condition in the single locked
room is never wrong. Jack cannot accept all the new thing which is said by his Ma.
Importantly, he is always being with his Ma in the room. He is anxious why his Ma wants to live outside the room. But, his Ma does not want to explain it more.
Ma holds me tight. “I always like being with you.” “But you said it was tiny and stinky.”
“Oh, Jack.” She says nothing for a minute. “Yeah, I’d rather be outside. But with you.”
“I like it here with you.” “OK.”(Donoghue 111)
“Let’s go in Outside tomorrow,” I say. “Oh, Jack.”
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She moves her head to stare at me.(Donoghue 114)
That conversation was happened in the next morning. It was hard time for
Jack and his Ma at the previous night. Suddenly, Jack is asking about his Grandma and Grandpa. How surprised Ma is when Jack says that question. It is probably Jack always thinks about his other family at night before. He trusts in Ma’s true story.
Jack’s thought is different, he wants to go outside like his Ma’s want. Ma is really
happy to hear what Jack’s saying. And she wants to go outside the room as fast as
they can.
“Oh, Ma! We could wait till Old Nick comes one night and you could say, ‘Oh, look at this yummy cake we made, have a big slice of our yummy Easter cake,’ and actually it would be poison.’
…..“If you could slip out, even, while I go for his eyes—” Ma shakes her head. “No way.”
……After a minute I say, “Any other ideas?” (Donoghue 131)
“Exactly. When he comes in —I could tell him you’re really sick.” “What kind of sick?”
“Maybe a really, really bad cold,” says Ma. “Try coughing a lot.” (Donoghue 132)
The two quotations show different atmosphere in Jack and Ma’s day. They
begin to make a plan for escaping. They think the best way to go outside from the room. Firstly, Jack’s idea to put poison in Easter cake then give it to Old Nick when
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out the door as fast as he can while his coming. And Ma’s thought it won’t work well
because Old Nick will find him as fast as he can. Thirdly, Jack may pretend to be
really sick. And finally that last idea is accepted by Jack and his Ma.
“Or maybe it’s five steps, actually.Sick, Truck, Hospital, Police, Save
Ma.” She waits.
“Truck—” “Sick.” “Sick,” I say.
“Hospital—no, sorry, Truck. Sick, Truck—”
“Sick, Truck, Hospital, Save Ma.”
“You forgot Police”she says. “Count on your fingers. Sick, Truck, Hospital,
Police, Save Ma.” We do it over and over.(Donoghue 136-137)
It shows that Ma begins to explain how their idea is going to work. Ma is making a map likes in Dora. Jack has to follow his Ma’s way. He tries to remember
the list of some places that he will get in, if he does Ma’s idea for escaping. Ma is
making a creative way for Jack in memorizing some places.She makes it easier for
Jack. He can use his five finger to remember the five places. They often practice it before that happening day.
I’m crying because the stink and my face in the hot bag so I think it’s going to melt off. “You’re mean.” “I’ve got a good reason,” says Ma.
……“Give him one of those headache pills.”
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Ma’s voice is like she’s crying. “If you don’t bring him in now, he’ll, he could—”
“Enough with the hysterics,” he says. “Please. I’m begging you.”
“No way.”(Donoghue 149)
That day is coming, they begin to play their drama. Ma has prepared a hot bag for Jack’s face before. It will help Jack to get hot temperature in his face. Ma is
telling the condition of Jack when Old Nick comes to their room. But, it is hard to make sure Old Nick about Jack’s condition. He doesn’t care about Jack, because he
thinks Jack only needs a medicine than a doctor. He prefers gives Jack headache pills than carries him to the hospital. Ma tries to force Old Nick about Jack, but she is still
failed.
She nods. “I know. But listen anyway. There’s a Plan B. Plan A was really the first part of Plan B.” “You neversaid.”
“It’s pretty complicated. I’ve been puzzling over it for a few days now.” “Yeah, well I’ve got millions of brains for puzzling.”(Donoghue 151)
Ma was never gives up to make the next plan for their escaping. She is ready
if her plan before does not really work. Ma is confident to prepare another plan. It is different to Jack, he does not want to hear his Ma next planning. But, it does not influence Ma’s thought yet. She tries to make the new plan carefully.
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“So I think wrapping you up in the rug is the only way to keep him from guessing you’re actually alive. Then I’ll tell him he has to take you somewhere and bury you, see?”(Donoghue 154)
“So this time the plan isDead, Truck, Run, Police, Save Ma.Say it?”
“Dead, Truck, Run, Police, Save Ma.”(Donoghue 156)
The second plan is already thought by his Ma. The next day she is
remembering Jack about plan B, then she explains what exactly her new plan. Ma’s
new plan sounds better than the first plan. Ma tells the plan B is asking Jack to pretend to die. Ma also prepares the reason why Jack was die. Ma describes their plans using the same method. It means Jack will get five places again in doing plan B.
“Guess it must have been something really serious,” says Old Nick, “the pills wouldn’t have worked anyway.”
“You killed him.” Ma’s howling.
...“My baby!”
“I know, it’s a terrible thing. But I’ve got to take him away now.” (Donoghue 169)
The quote shows how good Jack and his Ma’s action at night. The
conversation between Ma and Old Nick is telling that he believes about what happen to Jack. The plan B is easier to force Old Nick in taking Jack outside the room. He is
really carrying him to his truck and burying Jack in some places out of his backyards. When the truck stops, Jack knows it is time to go from the Old Nick’s truck. He runs
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telling the true story of his Ma to the man. Then, he meets the police and asks them to save his Ma. Jack shows the way to get in the single locked room and finally, they
save his Ma.
From all the quotations above, the crisis part provides two important things in this study. Firstly, it is the part when Jack’s Ma remembers about her past with her family. She begins to tell jack about Jack’s Grandma, Grandpa, Uncle Paul, and how
much she misses them. Jack cannot accept the new things in Ma’s life before. He only
knows Ma and Old Nick since they live in a room. There is no one else because he never knows other life outside the room. The next day, Jack wants to know about his other family and how their life in outside. The second part is Jack and his Ma’s day
for making plans. It is planning to go outside the room. Ma wants to escape with Jack. There are two plans which is done by Jack and Ma. The first plan fails, but the
second is really working. Finally, the police helps jack to save his Ma. And it is done by Jack.
1.1.4 Climax
Climax is the highest section of the story. It is the moment of greatest tension at which the outcome is to be decided. It will tell about Jack and his Ma’s life after
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finally they solve it and then save his Ma. The quotations about how Jack and Ma’s
life after getting out is in the next paragraphs.
“Does this look like it might be your street?” asks Officer Oh. “I haven’t got a street.”
“I mean the street this Nick guy took you from tonight.”
….. “Jack, is there daylight in this room of yours?” “It’s night,” I tell her, didn’t she notice?
“I mean in the daytime. Wheredoes the light come in?” “Skylight.”
“There’s a skylight, excellent.”(Donoghue 187-188)
The policeman and policewoman who helps Jack to save his Ma is getting a problem. Jack doesn’t know the street where Old Nick abducting he and his Ma. Jack
cannot explain about the room well. But they don’t give up to Jack, they try another clue to find the room. The clue makes them closer to aim their purpose. And they try to relate it with some house.
I stare out the window at the house with no lights. A bit of it is open now that wasn’t before I don’t think, the garage, a huge dark square….. Then a person that’s Officer Oh and beside her —
I’m thumping banging on the car door but I don’t know how, I have to smash the glass but I can’t,Ma MaMaMaMaMaMaMa —
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It presents that Jack is waiting in the police’s car with a policeman. Jack
cannot be calmer, because he is afraid Old Nick will kill his Ma who is in the room
alone. He just looks at the house with no lights and it is really dark around them. Suddenly, Officer Oh is coming out with a woman and she is Ma. They go out from
the garage. It means that Jack and his Ma is abducted and then they live in a garage for many years. It is a small and dark place, but it isn’t important for Jack. He only needs his Ma and never lost her again. Jack is doing good works.
“Now,” says the wide man, “I appreciate it’s late, and your son’s got some abrasions that need looking at, and they’re on standby for you at the Cumberland Clinic, it’s a very nice facility.”
“What kind of facility?”
“Ah, psychiatric.”(Donoghue 198)
Jack and his Ma are arriving in the police office. It is the first place which they visit after getting out from the room. They have to be there because the police
need some explanations about what is happening to them. Old Nick does criminal cases to Jack and his Ma. In different case Officer Oh tells Ma that they have to go to
the Cumberland Clinic. She wants Jack and his Ma meets a psychiatric, because they have been in bad nights before.
“Jack doesn’t needtreatment,he needs some sleep.” Ma’s talking through her teeth. “He’s never been out of my sight and nothing happened to him, nothing like what you’re insinuating.”
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. . It’s all admissible evidence, and more importantly, it’ll help us figure out what Jack needs right away.”
Ma looks at me. “Can you be a superhero for one more minute and let Dr. Kendrick prick your arm?”(Donoghue (209)
The quotes show Jack and his Ma are in a hospital, it is Cumberland. There are Dr. Clay and Dr. Kendrick who will be handling Jack and Ma’s treatment. There
are a lot of things needed in their treatment. The first quote is showing Ma’s rejecting
expression to the doctors. She doesn’t want Jack to get some treatments. Ma makes
sure there is no wrong that happens to Jack. Ma’s thought that Jack is fine and he
only needs to take a rest not a treatment. But, the two doctors still ask Ma to do the treatments with Jack. And finally Ma is letting Jack to do his treatments in Lab.
“We’re in Outside already.”
“Yeah, but let’s go out in the fresh air and look for the cat,” says Ma. “Cool.”
She finds us two pairs of slippers but they don’t fit me so I’m falling over, she says I can be barefoot for now. When I look out the window again, a thing zooms up near the other cars, it’s a van that saysThe Cumberland
Clinic.(Donoghue 217)
Hospital is the second place which is visited by Jack and his Ma. They have to sleep in Cumberland Clinic till their treatments are over. They sleep in one bed since the first night because Jack wants to sleep with his Ma. Ma also doesn’t like to go
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“Jack, it’s the best news,” Ma butts in. She holds up pictures. I see who it is without even going close, it’s Old Nick. The same face as when I peeked at him in Bed in the night that time, but he has a sign around his neck and he’s against numbers like we marked my tall on birthdays, he’s nearly at the six but not quite. There’s a picture where he’s looking sideways and another where he’s looking at me.(Donoghue 228)
It describes a news for Jack and Ma. It is the best one of some news which is ever happened in Ma’s life. She is really happy because someone who has been
abducting her is put in jail by police. He is Old Nick, the one who makes Ma and Jack live in the locked room which is actually a garage. He is caught by the police, thus he cannot find Ma and Jack again. Jack is afraid of that possible thing.
A person comes in and runs at Ma, I jump up with fists but Ma’s laughing and crying at the same time, it must be happy sad.
“Oh, Mom.” That’s Ma saying. “Oh, Mom.”(Donoghue 232)
There is a surprise in the next day. Ma’s mother is coming. She is Jack’s
Grandma like Ma’s explanation when they are in the single locked room. Ma is really
happy to see her and Grandma too. She misses Ma so much after they don’t meet in many years ago. The writer also finds how Ma’s feeling when she meets her Ma
again. She cannot manage her tears like in the room when she tells about her family to Jack. She said that she misses Jack’s Grandma, Grandpa, and Uncle Paul and she
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Grandma knocks with more visitors, but she waits outside so it won’t be too much of a crowd. The persons are two, they’re called my Uncle that’s Paul that has floppy hair just to his ears and Deana that’s my Aunt with rectangular glasses and a million black braids like snakes. “We’ve got a little girl called Bronwyn who’s going to beso psyched to meet you,” she tells me. “She didn’t even know she had a cousin — well, none of us knew about you till two days ago, when your grandma called with the news.” (Donoghue265)
Not only Grandma visits Jack and Ma in the hospital, but also Uncle Paul and
his wife Aunt Deana. They also bring their little daughter Bronwyn, and now she becomes Jack’s sister. From that conversation, they know about Jack after the news
about Jack is up. It also gives the new fact about Jack and his Ma that they are famous. There is a lot of people outside knows them probably.
“That’s you,” Ma tells me. “What do you say when someone asks you how you are?”
Manners again. “Thank you.”
They both laugh, I did another joke by accident. “ ‘Very well,’ then ‘thank you,’ ” says Grandma.
The Leo man is in the door.“Could he come in just for a minute?” Grandma asks.
“I don’t care,” says Ma.(Donoghue 267)
Only Jack, Ma, Grandma are in the room number seven at the hospital. Grandma likes Jack very much. She teaches Jack about manners. But, Jack cannot remember one by one which the right word to say is. There is a man outside the room. He is Leo, Ma’s stepfather. Grandma wants him to meet Ma in a minute, but
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I find a newspaper folded up, the visitors must have brung it. On the front there’s a picture of a bridge that’s broken in half, I wonder if it’s true. On the next page there’s the one of me and Ma and the police the time she was carrying me into the Precinct. It says HOPE FOR BONSAI BOY. It takes me a while to figure out all the words. (Donoghue 269)
The quote is relating to the page 265 which as the two quotes before this. Jack wants to see the newspaper. There is really news about him and his Ma in the next page. He is called ‘Bonsai Boy’. He gets that calling because he ever saves his Ma in
escaping the room. There is one picture of them and one police in that newspaper.
“What’ll we ask for Sunday treat?” Ma shakes her head.
In the afternoon we’re going in the van that says The Cumberland
Clinic,we’re driving actually outside the big gates to the rest of the world. I don’t want to, but we have to go show the dentist Ma’s teeth that still hurt. (Donoghue 277)
Jack and his Ma are changing their schedule they used to do in the room. It is different place and condition from the room. Jack still remembers their schedule of Sunday treat and he asks Ma about it. They have to meet dentist in the morning.
Then, Ma wants to go around with Jack in afternoon. They are going around after meet Dr. lopez, she is the dentist. They come back to the Cumberland Clinic as they
finish their Sunday treat.
“Believe me,” the woman is saying to Ma, “we’re just trying to help you tell yourstory to the world.” (Donoghue 290)
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It is a bit of conversation between Ma and a woman. She does the interview and asks for some question. The interview will be seen on TV. There are many people
outsides not only see her in a newspaper, but also on TV. Ma answers one by one question like the true ones. The fact, she does everything in the room for Jack, she survives because of him, and she doesn’t regret what she had been done for Jack. She
does as the best as she can.
“Noreen?” I shout, I run at the door. I’m not meant to disturb the persons but—“Noreen!” She’s at the end of the corridor, she turns around. “Ma did a vomit.” (Donoghue 312)
It is two days after Ma are meeting her father and doing interview. Ma is fine in the morning before Jack goes outside the room with Uncle Paul. But, the next morning there is something happen to her. Suddenly, she doesn’t wake up and has a
vomit. Then Jack calls Norris, a nurse who takes care of them in the hospital. Ma has a lot of pills to her, and it makes Ma gets bad condition for that day.
This part analyzing Jack and Ma’s life after they escape from the room. It is
the answer for the second question of this study. The fact, they are not really free
after escaping from the room. They arrive at the police office. Then, they have to do some medical treatments in Cumberland Clinic. It is been a long day and night at the
Hospital. Ma meets with her family again, they are Grandma, Grandpa, Uncle Paul, and Aunt Deana there. Besides, there are a lot of people who know Jack and Ma’s
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interview because of the news. Two days later, there is something bad happen to Jack and Ma. Ma takes a lot of pills and getting overdoses. She has to get an intensive
treatment.
1.1.5 Resolution
It is the outcome or conclusion. It is the last part of plot analysis. The writer
analyzes this part to complete the answer of research question in this paper. In this study, the resolution also describes about Jack’s life after getting out from the single
locked room. But it is different with the climax. In the climax there still happened some cases to Jack and his Ma, but it is not dangerous condition. In the resolution, the writer describes about Jack and Ma’s life in outside the room after getting some cases
such as in the Police office, and Hospital. It tells the last story of Jack and his Ma in spending their free time. The quotation about their last story is in the next paragraphs
below.
The white car is outside not moving, I rode in it from the Clinic even though there was no booster, Dr. Clay wanted me to stay for continuity and
therapeutic isolationbut Grandma shouted that he wasn’t allowed keep me like a prisoner when I do have a family. (Donoghue 315)
Jack lives with his Grandma and Step Grandpa after the accident which happen to his Ma. Grandma doesn’t allow Jack to do some treatments at the hospital.
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“Guess what, Jack, you and me have our own apartment.”
Grandma says her other name. “Is that such a good idea, do you think?” “I t was my idea. I’s OK, Mom. There’s counselors there around the clock. (Donoghue 375)
Ma is getting her health again after that day. Her treatments in Cumberland
Clinic are done. She backs home and very happy to see Jack. She decides to live with Jack in a new apartment. Jack and Ma want to live at home for a week before they
move. They are really free after a lot of things that happen in some days before. Jack and Ma do some activity and walk around together.
I walk to Bed Wall and touch it with one finger, the cork doesn’t feel like anything. “Is good night in the day?”
“Huh?”
“Can we say good night when it’s not night?” “I think it would be good-bye.” (Donoghue 401)
It is the last quote in this analysis. Ma asks Officer Oh to drive her and Jack back to the single locked room for some minutes. Jack wants see the room again. He says good bye for all things in the room for the last time.
Resolution is the last part to analyze the plot. The resolution part tells how Jack and Ma’s life in Grandma’s house. Jack still misses the single locked room and
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CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
4.1Conclusion
Room is an international novel by Emma Donoghue. It tells how a mother’s
love to her child can help them both to survive in difficult situation. Therefore, the writer wants to analyze the topic using plot analysis to find out in details anything happens in the story. The writer also uses naturalism to analyze the way they survive
in the locked room for five years.
The analysis on Jack and Ma’s life based on New Criticism. It uses the plot analysis. The first part of plot is exposition. It introduces that they live in a single
locked room because Jack’s Ma has been abducted by a man who is called Old Nick.
But, the author of Roomdoesn’t present the motive of abducting. The author only shows that Jack’s Ma never knows the man before. Ma is abducted by doing a trick.
Old Nick pretended for asking help when she is in the college. Then, she comes to his
pickup truck and he put a blindfold to her. She has the bad medicine after that and feeling sleepy, and the last she wakes up in a single locked room. Secondly is
complication, it tells Jack and Ma’s life inside the room. Jack and Ma live in a single
locked room by doing some positive activities in schedule. They are making surprise for Jack in his five years old, creating more than one game and play it in different
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in Wonderland, Hansel and Gretel, and others story. They are learning numbers and counting it. They also put their activity in schedule; as on Monday is time for
washing their clothes and dirty towels, and on Wednesday is time for washing their hair. The last and the important thing is Ma is always giving her love for Jack. She
kisses Jack, she never blames Jack, and doing the best things for him. All of the activity makes Jack and Ma never think that they are forced. Thirdly Crisis, it is the part when Ma remembers about her past with her family. She begins to tell jack about
Jack’s Grandma, Grandpa, Uncle Paul, and how much she misses them. Jack wants to
know about his other family and how their life in outside. It also describes Jack and
his Ma’s day for making plans. It is planning to go outsi
