ABSTRACT
Matondang, Marbaeni. K.D. Registration Number: 72188330028. Developing ESP Materials for Students of Law Faculty. A Thesis. English Applied Linguistic Study Program, State University ofMedan.2011
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THESIS
DEVELOPING ESP MATERIALS FOR STUDENTS OF
LAW FACULTY
BY
MARHAENI K.D MATONDANG
Registration Num ber: 072188330028
ENGLISH APPLIED LINGUISTIC STUDY PROGRAM
THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
This thesis was examined on
10tbFebruary 2011 by Board
Examiners
Approved by
Adviser Commission
The Head of English Applied
Lin · c
dy Program
APPROVED
This thesis was examined on
lOth
February
2ill
by Board
Examiners
Prof. Tina Mariany, M.A., Ph.D
NIP: 19440302 196902 2 001
I
Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.rltl&a/!,.
NIP: 19540916 198003 2002
'--"='Dr. Eddy Setia, M.Ed., TESP
NIP : 19570412 198403 1 001
AKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the Beneficent and Merciful.
Praise be Allah, the cherisher and sustainer of the world, that has given his blessing, sturdiness, and patience, so that the researcher can finish her thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for post graduation degree of Magister Humaniora.
In writing this thesis, she has encountered a lot of difficulties since the beginning to the last; many people have directly helped her in finishing this thesis. She would like to acknowledge her deep gratitude for all of them for their generous guidance and assistance.
She would like acknowledge with gratitude the time and effort extended on the thesis by the respective Advisers, Prof. Tina Mariany Arifin, M.A.Ph.D First Adviser and Prof.Amrin Saragih, M.A. Ph.D., Second Adviser for their understanding, efforts and willingness to share their valuable time especially for comments, advice, corrections, and suggestions.
Manik M.Hum with whom she discussed about the legal terms and lent her a book related to the Law.
She would also like to express her very deepest thanks to her Mom, Hj Mularia Saragih, her sisters, especially to Dra. Hj . Tuty Dwi Sriaty Matondang and her brothers who have given suggestions and encouragement.
She remains
grateful.
as ever, to her husband, Nurman Pattimura and also to her beloved children, Ria Novira Mantika, Fahryn Patka Aprinsyah and Avifa Trizki Adeira, who have given endless love, spirit, support, and pray to finish the study. She would like to give a special thank to Drs. Ridwin Purba M.Pd., Drs Marasi Manurung, M.Hum, and lr. Kataresada Ketaren MT who always share their time.Special thanks is delivered to, Januarison Saragih, SH., M.H Dean of Law Faculty of University ofSimalungun, Pematangsiantar,
Finally she gratitude to her classmates and friends, Masdelina, Maria, Ayu, Sahat, Salmah, Wiki, Yohana, Yolferi, Maslatif, Ora Anita Purba, M.Hum, Ora Meriany Pulungan, Ir Asril Nizar, Dewi Kirana S.E M.M, Hotma Napitu B.A and Noni (Fahraini) for their supports and prayers.
Medan, December 2010. The writer,
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page ABSTRACT ... ; ... . ... .
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... ... ... ... ... .•... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... iv
LIST OFT ABLES ... vii
LIST OF FIGURES ... viii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION... 1
1.1 The Background of the Study ... .... ... .. . 1.2 The Research Problems . . . 4
1.3 The Objective of the Research . .. .. . .. . . ... .. . .. . ... .... ... ... 4
1.4 The Scope ofthe Research... 4
1.5 The Significance of the Study ... . 5
CHAYfER ll : REVIEW OF LITERATURE... 7
2.1 The Origin and the Growth of ESP. . . 7
2.1.1 The Origin of ESP ... ... ... ... .... 7
2.1.2 The Growth of ESP ... ... ... ... ... 8
2.2 What is ESP... ... 9
2.2.1 Absolute Characteristics... 9
2.2.2 Variable Characteristics ... 10
2.3 Types ofESP... 11
2.4 The Difference of ESP to General English... 15
2.5.1 Needs Analysis ... 16
2.5.1 . 1 Present Situation Analysis (PSA) ... 17
2.5.1.2 Target Situation Analysis (TSA)... 17
2.5.2 Identifying Learned Target Situation... . 20
2.6 Course Design... 21
2. 7 Evaluation ... ... ... .... ... .. . ... 22
2.8 Material Development on Processes of ESP... 23
2.9 Selecting Theoretical Views of Language... 24
2.9.2 Structural Linguistics . . .. .... . .. .. . .. . .. . . .. . . . .. . .. 24
2.9.3 Language
Variationand
Register Analysis...25
2.9.4 Functional and National Grammar... 25
2.10 Developing Materials... 27
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2.11 Revising Material ... ... 28z
2.11.1 Application Material Syllabus .. ... 292.1 L2 Material Development ... ... ... 30
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2.12 Teaching and Learning Processes... 322.13 English for Law ... 32
2.14 Conceptual Frameworks... ... ... 33
CHAPTER ID: ME1HOD OF RESEARCH... 34
3. 1 Research Design... 34
3.2 Subject of the Study... 34
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3.4 Data Collection ... 35
3.5 Techniques of Analyzing Data ... 35
CHAYfER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDING... 36
4.1 Data Analysis . . . .. .. . . .. .. .. . . .... 36
4.2 Research Finding . . . .. . . .. .. . . .. . . .. .. . . .. . .. 36
4.2.1 The Result of Need Analysis . . . . .. .. . . .. . . .. .. .. ... 36
4.2.1.1 The Existing Materials ... .. .... ... 36
4.2.1.2.1 Students Target Needs .. ... .. .... . .. .. .... . 37
4.2.1.2.2 Students' Lack ... .... .. 39
4.2. 1.2.3 Students' Learning Needs .. .. .. .. . 41
4.2.1.4 Problem Finding .. .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 44
4.2.2 The result of Competency Analysis .. .. .. .. .. .... 45
4.2.2.1 Formulation of the Competency... 45
4.2.2.2 Theoretical Model of English Material... 45
4.2.3 Learning Objective ... . 45
4.2.4 Material Production ... .
45
4.2.5 Tentative Model of English Material ... ..
47
4.2.5.1 Draft of English Materials ... ..
47
4.2.6 The Result ofExperts' and Lecturer Analysis .. . 62
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTIONS 63 5.1 Conclusions ... ... 63
5.2 Implication ... .... .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 63
LIST OF TABLES
Table
Page
4.1
The Students' Target Need of Language Skill...
37
4.2
Students'
La ~k. •. . . .... ••• •. •. . . .. . .. .. •. . .. . .. • •.. .. . .. .. . . .... ...
40
4.5
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Students' Preference of Teaching Methodology... ... ...
41
Students' Preference of Teaching Methodology...
42
[image:11.516.32.473.68.604.2]LIST OF FIGURES
Figure
Page
2.1
TbeTreeofELT ...
14
2.2
Factors
affectingESP Course
Design ••• • • • .... • .. .. .. .. .. .. • • • .. 222.3
A Material Design Model ... ... ... ... .... ... .. ...
31
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
The Background of the Study
In this globalization
era.
all aspects of life are changing rapidly. Science and technology, for instance has become more and more complicated. In short. the change of social pattern, has created gaps between today and the future. To cope up with the changes, and competitions, it is inevitable that English language shows its potential role in all aspects of knowledge. It is obvious that English is regarded as a foreign language in Indonesia andit
is moving in its position to be a second language.English as an international language plays a very vital role in all kinds of fields such as, business, law, education, health, tourism, international relationship, scientific, and technological. It attracts many people in many cases, especially in this globalized era, it seems of great importance for everyone to master it well, in terms of the first language skills so as to position one, to be regarded as important and can well communicate with all people.
university level, and English is given in the second semester although it is just as a basic general subject at university but all departments should take it as a compulsary. There is hardly a condusive environment where English is used as a means of communication. Outside the classrooms or courses, English will no longer be spoken or written. Therefore, English atmosphere should be created so that students always keep up with English.
By
mastering English, learners are going to be fam iliar with English text, which can enrich their knowledge.The teaching of English in Indonesia is widespread and improving, as seen from the initiation of the government policy to train and upgrade English teachers for teaching English well. Many schools have used the language laboratory to make teaching English becomes more effective and efficient
The law students at university who learn English as a compulsory subject also face by the failure of studying it. The implementation of needs analysis is expected to solve students' problem in studying English, so that the materials understudy should be associated with their future career.
The Law Faculty of Simalungun University in Pematangsiantar has the objective of preparing graduates to really master the knowledge of legal matters. Instead of learning law, English is given as a general subject to students. In fact, by mastering English, students are expected to be able to absorb knowledge of law from English law text books. Yet, since the materials for teaching English are not designed for the students' needs and the teaching-learning process become unsuccessful. Most of the graduates who become a lawyer can not give a legal advice to the foreign clients for their cases, because they can not communicate in English fluently.
In Indonesia, there are many cases related to international matters, such as, immigration system. trading system, marriage, traficking, divorce, and adoption system. That is why many lawyers who can communicate in English fluently are needed by many clients. But the problem is the lawyers can not speak English fluently. With the globalization of law and the conditioning of international communication, the demand of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) is expanding,
In response to that problems. it
is
really important to help the students of Law Faculty of Simalungun University to adapt today's competitive society. The researcher as a lecturer at that university, is vey much interested in planning to develop English teaching materials that canbe
used to enhance the teaching-learning process.1.2 The Research Problem
In this reseach, the research problems are formulated as the following.
1. What language skills are needed by students the of Law Faculty?
2. How should the English materials be developed for the course for the students of Law Faculty?
The Objective of the Study
In line with the problems above, the objectives are to
1. identify language skills and needed by the students of Law Faculty and 2. develop English materials are for the students of Law Faculty
1.4
The Scope of the
Study
In this part. the researcher will search the process of developing the materials based on the existing materials developed by the lecturer of English in the Law Faculty of Simalungun University. On the other hand, she will implement the materials which have been developed and make the analysis on the materials whether they are suitable to be given to the students
1.5
The Significance of the Study
Findings of study are expected to be useful theoritical and practically This research is expected to be a valuable source of infonnation, in connection with the theoretical as well as practical aspects. Theoretically this research is hoped be useful in the effort to develop science, especially in the development of theories of English for Specific Purposes. It should be very valuable for teachers and in this case lecturers in order to enhance the teaching of English for specific field. It can also serve as a source of references and valuable infonnation for future researches.
The practical value is that it will give some ideas and thoughts to
communicate effectively and effeciently to students who take it as a course of compulsary subject. This research is hoped to be use as guidelines for lecturers lecturing in English for Law and other lecturers as well, in their attempt to develop specific materials as related to the students field of study. So, the fmdings should be very useful and become a sample of how teaching materials can
be
CHAPTERV
CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATION, AND
SUGGESTIONS
5.1. Conclusions
After analyzing the data, some conclusions are drawn as the following
1. Teaching in different major as in Law Faculty is a hard work to the lecturer because they have to master not only English but a lso a little about legal knowledge
2. Need analysis is the primary point in teaching.
3. Language skiiJs which are needed by the students of Law Faculty are speaking and reading.
4. ESP materials are very important to be taught because it can improve
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English ability and it can also support the students' legal knowledge.5.
ESP materials must be actual : issues related to the actual legal?
English.knowledge in order it can be a stimulus for the students to learn
5.2. Implications
The implication are stated as follow
2. Second, the research fmding also gives the implication to the lecturer of Law Faculty at the University of Simalungun to
be
able to improve his/her teaching materials which have its relevance to the students'needs. On the other hand, he/she will conduct suitable methods of teaching that the teaching will be running smoothly 3. Third, this research has given implication to the researcher thatteaching materials will
be
suitable to the students' needs in order to motivate or encourage the students to study.5.3
The Suggestions
Suggestion are stated as follow
1. The teaching of English in Law Faculty in University of Simalungun should apply ESP.
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2. To achieve the effective teaching learning process especially in thez
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