A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
IN WRITING INVITATION CARDS AT EIGHT GRADERS OF SMP NEGERI 2 PURWOKERTO IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Education Department as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for S. Pd Degree
By:
AURISNA NURAH SETYA ANUGRAHENI 1201050128
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PURWOKERTO
2016
DEDICATION
I decide this thesis for them;
1. My beloved mom Rusmiati, S. Pd. I and my dad Agus Wismono, S. Pd who
have given me everything in my life, May Allah SWT bless us and we can
gather until His Swarga, aamiin.
2. My handsome older brother Wachida Nurah Fajar Arifin, S.T. who has given
me love, support, prayers and what I want. I love you brothy.
3. My girls in Griya Anugrah Kost; Puspa Fortuna Zulfa, Ikhda Nurul Ma’rifah,
Kuntum Palupi Setyaningsih, Ninda Riyana, Leni Yurmatuti, Nur Wakhidah
Lulu’ul Jannah, Marta Amalia Iflahah, Aninda Hana Diya Pawestri. You have
colored my life. Thank you so much my angels.
4. My friends and my families in PBI E 2012, celay and colay; Upi, Ninda, Finka,
Vita, Ferdika, Jevicka, Anis, Nia, Tata, Anggi, Uji, Ani, Novita, Wulan, Ririn,
Sofiah, Ifani, Icha, Cahyani, Endri, Lia, Kareema, Sangidin, Aliy, Dian, Helmi,
and Irfan. I am lucky to know you all.
5. My best friend, my yayang Hesti Setia Ningrum. Thank you for being my
MOTTO
The Qur’an in you
“Don’t tell people how much of the Qur’an you’ve
memorized. Let them see the Qur’an in your actions.
Feed the hungry, clothe the needy, be merciful to
the orphans, forgive those who’ve mistreated you
and be good to your parents.
It isn’t about how far you’ve reached in the Qur’an,
but how far the Qur’an has reached you”
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim. Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Praise and gratitude be only to Allah SWT, the Almighty, the Merciful and the Compassionate one, who has given blessings and opportunity so that I could finish this thesis. The success of making this thesis also get support and help from some people who mentioned bellow;
1. Dr. H. Syamsuhadi Irsyad, S.H, M.H, as the Rector of Muhammadiyah University of Purwokerto.
2. Drs. Pudiyono, M. Hum, the Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty who permit me to conduct this research.
3. Rina Agustina, S.S., MApplLing TESOL, the Head of English Department who also gives me permission to conduct this research.
4. Drs. Pudiyono, M. Hum, as my supervisor who always spend his time and also has given suggestions, guidance and support to accomplish this thesis. 5. All of the lectures in English Education Department. Thank you for all
guidance, knowledge and support.
6. Drs. M Djohar, M.Pd, the Headmaster of SMP Negeri 2 Purwokerto who has given me the opportunity to conduct this research.
7. Nari Bronto, S.Pd and Imam Tobroni, S.Pd the English teacher of SMP Negeri 2 Purwokerto who have given me the opportunity to conduct this research.
8. The students of VIII A–VIII I of SMP Negeri 2 Purwokerto as the subject of this research.
9. All of friends in English Education Department 2012
Finally I do hope that this thesis will be useful for the readers. However, I
realize that this writing is imperfect. Therefore, any criticisms and advices will be
helpful for my improvement.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Purwokerto, 03 August 2016
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ... i
APROVAL ... ii
APPROVAL OF SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE ... iii
EXAM LEGALITY ... iv
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ... v
DEDICATION ... vi
MOTTO ... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... ix
LIST OF PICTURES ... xii
LIST OF TABLES ... xiii
LIST OF CHARTS ... xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xv
ABSTRACT ... xvi
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION A. The Background of Research ... 1
B. Reason for Choosing The Topic ... 3
C. The Research Problems ... 3
D. The Aims of Research ... 3
E. The Clarifications of Terms ... 4
F. The Contributions of Research ... ...
4
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW
A. Grammar
1. The Definition of Grammar ... 6
2. The Importance of Grammar ... 7
B. Writing 1. The Definition of Writing ... 7
2. The Purpose of Writing ... 8
3. The Elements of Writing ... 9
4. The Criteria of Good Writing ... 10
5. The Advantages of Writing ... 11
6. The Problems in Writing Invitation Card ... 12
C. Invitation Card 1. The Definition of Invitation Card ... 14
2. The Generic Structure of Invitation Card ... 14
3. The Contains of Invitation Card ... 15
4. The Expressions Used in Invitation Card ... 15
5. The Language Features of Invitation Card ... 16
6. The Social Function of Invitation Card ... 16
7. The Kinds of Invitation Card ... 16
8. The Examples of Invitation Card ... 17
D. Error Analysis 1. The Definition of Error Analysis ... 20
2. The Categories of Error ... 21
A. The Method of Research ... 25
B. The Place and Time ... 25
C. The Subject of Research ... 26
D. The Technique for Collecting Data ... 27
E. The Technique for Analyzing Data ... 28
CHAPTER VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS A. The Results ... 29
B. The Discussions ... 30
1. Morphological Error ... 31
2. Syntactic Error ... 34
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION A. The Conclusion ... 38
B. The Suggestion ... 39
BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 40 APPENDICES
LIST OF PICTURES
Picture 2.1: Example of the Generic Structure of Invitation Card ... 15
Picture 2.2: Example of Anniversary Invitation ... 17
Picture 2.3: Example of Birthday Invitation ... 17
Picture 2.4: Example of Graduation Invitation ... 18
Picture 2.5: Example of Meeting OSIS Invitation ... 18
Picture 2.6: Example of Wedding Invitation ... 19
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1: The Differences between Error and Mistake ... 21
Table 2.2: The Categories and Types of Errors and the Example ... 22
Table 3.1: The Schedule of Research ... 26
Table 4.1: The Types of Grammatical Error ... 29
LIST OF CHARTS
Chart 1: The Frequency of Error in Morphological Aspect ... 31
Chart 2: The Frequency of Error in Syntactic Aspect ... 34
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1: Instrument
APPENDIX 2: Students’ Worksheet
APPENDIX 3: Official Letters
A STUDY ON STUDENTS’ GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
IN WRITING INVITATION CARDS AT EIGHT GRADERS OF SMP NEGERI 2 PURWOKERTO IN ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
AURISNA NURAH SETYA ANUGRAHENI 1201050128
ABSTRACT
This study investigated the types of grammatical errors in writing invitation card and their causes to the eight graders of SMP Negeri 2 Purwokerto in academic year 2015/2016. A descriptive survey was implemented to meet the purposes of this research. The data were obtained from written test in the form of essay. The samples of this research were 72 students from the total number of 261 students. The sampling method of this research was random sampling technique. The basic frameworks of the grammatical errors’ types were relied linguistic category taxonomies (Politzer and Ramirez category with some modification). There were two data results, they were; the types of students’ grammatical error
and the percentage of each type. The types of grammatical errors were divided into morphology and syntax category. From the highest to the lowest frequency of occurrence in morphology category as follows; (1) error in apostrophe for possessives (42.67%), (2) error in conjunction (6.67%), (3) error in indefinite article (5.33%), and error in using adjective/adverb (4%). In syntax category, (1) error in possessive case (24%), (2) error in concord between first and second word (16%), and (3) error in noun phrase (1.33%). Based on the data result analysis, it was found that the main cause of students’ grammatical errors was the effect of their
mother tongue or first language.
