TREACHE Treachery Reflected In Henrik Ibsen's Public Enemy (1882)Drama: An Individual Psychological Approach.

TREACHE SC M ERY REFLEC AN INDI Submitted for PR DEPAR CHOOL OF MUHAMM

CTED IN HEN

VIDUAL PS

RESE

d as a Partial Getting Bac in Eng RADIKA G A RTMENT O F TEACHER MADIYAH U NRIK IBSEN SYCHOLOG EARCH PAP Fulfillment chelor Degre glish Derpart By GUSLAN HE A320110197 OF ENGLIS R TRAININ UNIVERSIT 2015

’SPUBLIC EN GICAL APPR

PER

of the Requ ee of Educati

tment

ERDIANTO

SH EDUCA

NG AND ED

TY OF SUR

NEMY (1882)D

TRf,ACHERY RtiFr,ECTrin rN HriNRrX TBSEN,S ?'UBZla EVa-Mv ( '

332)

DRAMA: AN INI)IVII}IJAI, PSVCIIoI,O(:ICAI, APPROACTI

By

FRAI}IKA (]IISI,AN HERDIANTO

ADrrroycd to h€errmined brthcconsullant lcrm

Jv"

TREACI'trRY R€FLECTED IN ITENRIK IBSf,N'S PUA'IC

,/r''MY O3IJ2)

DRAMA. AN

INDMDUAL

ISYCHOLOCICAL APPROACH

PRADIKA GIJSI,AN HFIRI}TANTO

A320tt0197

Accepred by rie Boad of Exdine!

School of Teacher Trainins and

Eduetio.

Muhmnadiyai Univarsiry of Su6kaae

I

Dr

Phil. De*i ChrndraninArum,

M

Ed

Tiris Seryabudi, S,S., M. Hum

D. M. Thoyi6i,

Drs _, M.S.

fWP/L

-11,4;iL

Suakana,02 Ausust20l5

Itltrhammadiyah

Univcsil!

iii

(;)

Slri

\-,Y'

acher TlaininE and Educarion

nJokoPraviho.

M,

Hun.

TESTIMONY

I amdsdr

'$.a.hcr. sisnclon

llteikrent

bclo{l

Nmc

: PITADIKAOUSLAN HERDI NTO

NtM

A320[0]97

Study

PDBranr

; I)qrr'bncnl dl tnglish E{lftalion

Tirde

:lrcxchcrrrcncclcdinllcnriklbsr-s/',ili.r1tr.,4,

(1881)l)ftma:Anindiridual ps,ychoLqica lpprcach

Here{nh. I r.srify

tlE

in thh _{rcscarch nancr} $crc is no plagiaris'n

ol$.

pevions lilemry

sork

nhich has hccn miscd

to obtair

bachclor dcerccs

of

uileNity-

nor $erc

ar.

ontions

o,

sancrpiecc rvhich havc hcsn wrillcn or

published by o$ers.e\cefl $osc jo Nhich thl

{nd.g

are

ielered

anus(ifl and ne.rio.ed in lhe lilemry evie*and bibliqraphr.

Eence- laler.

il il n

provcn tha! thcrc arc some untrue

st

eDents in this lestimony, I rvill hold lully resDonsiblc.

\urrtanJ. auCrs

l.

2015

LE

:ry

IF

lradika Guslan I lc'dianlo

v

MOTTO

sesungguhnya sesudah kesulitan itu ada kemudahan (Qs. al

Insyirah: 6)

If the sea has become the ink to write the knowledge of Allah,

then it will run out before all the knowledge can be written,

although if we add it with the same portion (Qs. al khafi: 110)

They plan, and Allah plans, Surely, Allah is the best of planners

(Qs. 08: 30)

If you do the best for Allah, Allah will give the best for you

vi

DEDICATION

Proudly and wholeheartedly, the researcher would like

to dedicate this research paper to:



Allah SWT for the great blessing and the great prophet

Muhammad SAW.



My beloved parents (Ayahanda Edy Heruwanto and

Ibunda Deres Resmiati) who love me so much.



My dearest brother (Prayuda Ardyanto)



My best friends (M

embers of PT. Mire Sak’kemenge

)



My beloved friends (friends of Junior High School,

Senior High School and in the University)



All my lecturers and teachers



My beloved future

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamu’alaikumWr. Wb.

Alkhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. All praises belong to Allah SWT to his

blessing and mercies given to the researcher, he can complete his research paper

entitled TREACHERY REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S PUBLIC ENEMY (1882) DRAMA: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. In conducting this research, the researcher got some helps from many people. On this

best occasion, the researcher would like to express his deepest gratitude and

appreciation to the following people:

1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., Dean of Scholl of Teacher

Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,

2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D, Head of English Department Muhammadiyah

University,

3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Chandraningrum, M. Ed., the first consultant who has

patiently guided the researcher in arranging this work, provided time for

consultant, and gave the researcher nice suggestion,

4. Titis Setyabudi, S.S. M. Hum, the second consultant who has been willing

to guide, correct, and encourage his from the beginning of writing until the

end of it,

5. Rini Fatmawati, Dra., M.pd. as the academic consultant who has given the

researcher guidance as long as he studied in Muhammadiyah University,

6. All lecturers of English Department, for being good educators, guide, and

mentor,

7. His best gratitude for his beloved parents (Ayahanda Edy Heruwanto and

Ibunda Deres Resmiati), his spirit and his reason to be the best in

everything, thanks for ever over love, prayers, support (moral and material),

motivation, and everything during his life, he will always pray that in the

8.

His

bclove

brorhd (Pm,vuda

Adranlo).

\ho

halc giver lo!e.

care. pxyers. aDd srppon. lhahks ln. c\o'_vrhidg. thras

{c

s[arc bgefier si']ce

hc $as a bih] until

nor.lLls!

brr esr.eD to be

lou

hretho.

9.

Uis besr lii.nds at

l,l

Nlik

slh kcnrtrgc. l[mks lor cvcry lau3hs, siniles. n,!hls. and hnpDine$

10.

His big L.1ily.

slo

r$.

_{gi\en u!E- nr!ye6.} and

s+po

.

lhank yoo so

11.

Hh

beloved

lii.nds at

I

ni\eNil].

.ran) beloved

liiends

at

UDive6iry cs0ecirlly

Kdi!

im

. nr.nks forbeing my bcsl liiend Thank a lol liJr your

help rnd {d\ise is

lons:s

I nrdied n, our bclored uilesity. Hh beloved friends ar

SM,\..srr&ially lr,-qor! Ltrsiana

and amr Anbar geDbur ue used k, be rDeerher afd

nr

DrcDu) Nill al\ays be in our ireafls.

A.d

his b.lolcd tiicnds

.t

Si\'lt. csp.cialLy

A'lian

aDd Ana\. thrnks Ior lhe ride

rhal

*c

cyer shard toeeLh.r. Kccp in louch guys! Love

dl

ol you a loBl

ll.

and cslEially rnr KJisli imur.

Ilis ncxr Bonderlul de$r)

\LDrill

co,nplcrc his li1e.lllrn16lor new spirit thalwillyoubring lnr bis soto.day.

Those rvho cannol be tuemiorcd onc by one

losa

lheir suppon lo lhc esearher .omrlctiD! this rcscrtrh.

'lh.

_{rcscdrcher oonsideis}

rlur

_{this researlh paper}

is

_{far fronr bcins}

perltcr. TneEfor- sulaesrio.

&d

.rnicisns are {elcorne

ad

acc@lece.

Ilc

hopes $atlhis rcscarch prper *ould bc valulhl. tbr.eadea

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ix TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE ... i

APPROVAL ... ii

ACCEPTANCE ... iii

TESTIMONIAL ... iv

MOTTO ... v

DEDICATION ... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ... vii

TABLE OF CONTENT ... ix

ABSTRACT ... xi

CHAPTHER I : INTRODUCTION ... 1

A. Background of the Study ... 1

B. Literature Review ... 4

C. Problem Statement ... 6

D. Objectives of the Study ... 6

E. Limitation of the Study ... 7

F. Benefit of the Study ... 7

G. Research Method...7

H. Paper Organization ...9

CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ... 10

A. Notion of Individual Psychology ... 10

B. Basic Concept of Individual Psychology ... 11

C. Notion of Treachery ... 16

D. Structural Elements of Drama ... 18

E. Theoretical Application………..20

CHAPTER III : STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ... 21

A. Structure Elements ... 21

1. Characters and Characterization ... 21

2. Setting ... 28

x

b. Setting of time ... 29

c. Social Circumstances………..29

3. Plot ... 29

a. Exposition ... 30

b. Complication ... 30

c. Climax ... 31

d. Resolution ... 33

e. Causality ... 33

f. Plausibility ... 33

4. Style ... 34

a. Grammatical Structure ... 34

b. Sentence Construction ... 35

c. Diction ... 35

d. Figurative Language... 35

5. Theme…...……… 36

B. Discussion ... 37

CHAPTER IV : AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ... 42

A. Fictional Finalism ... 42

B. Striving for Superiority...44

C. Inferiority Feeling...45

D. Social Interest...46

E. Style of Life ...48

F. Creative Power...50

G. Discussion ... ...52

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL AND SUGGESTION ... 57

A. Conclusion ... 57

B. Pedagogical Implication ... 60

C. Suggestion ... 61

BIBLIOGRAPHY ... 62

xi SUMMARY

PRADIKA GUSLAN HERDIANTO. A320110197. TREACHERY REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN’S PUBLIC ENEMY (1882) DRAMA: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. Research Paper. School of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. August 2, 2015.

The major problem of this study is treachery. Someone who suddenly has treachery nature, he must experience a big change in his life. The objective of this study is to analyze Henrik Ibsen‟s Public Enemy based on the structural elements and analyze this drama based on the Individual Psychological Approach. The Writer employs qualitative method. The writer uses two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source of the study is Public Enemy drama by Henrik Ibsen. Secondary data are the supporting data taken from literary books, criticism, and some articles related to the drama. The secondary data of the study are taken from any information related to the drama. The method of data collection is the reseacher will employ the descriptive qualitative research. Based on the analysis, the reseacher gets some conclusions. The study shows that the problem faced by the minor character is his treachery. It is proven by his dream that becomes success. He is an editor. He wants to be a success man in the life. Someday, Dr. Stockmann gets big news for the town, Hovstad wants get many advantages from that news, so he becomes Dr. Stockmann‟s side. But, the Mayor

didn‟t agree with that news, so Hovstad betrays Dr. Stockmann and becomes the Mayor‟s side. Finally, Hovstad opposes Dr. Stockmann.