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1
Lilik B. Prasetyo
Ellyn K. Damayanti
Misa Masuda
I
S
T
HERE
F
OR
EST
T
RANSITION
IN
J
AVA
?:
L
ESSON
L
EARNT
FROM
K
UNINGAN
D
ISTRICT
Topic of Research Umbrella :
Conditions for successful implementation of participatory forest management and the impact on forest resource (Period: 2009-2011, Location: Indonesia, Nepal and India)
Background: Previous studies finding : India and Indonesia led to the forest Infrastructure hypothesis.
FI consist of demarcated forest land, administration system and institution, and technocrats to support the system
FI is one of the prerequisites/enabling condition of Participatory Forest Management (PFM) introduction (success of PFM).
India and Java fit to this FI hypothesis.
• Why PFM could be expanded and functioned in Nepal despite lack of FI? --> Revision of FI theory & Proving the success of PFM in term of Forest Cover (on going research –Lilik, Ellyn, Maria )
1
•Whether the conditions obtained from the case of Nepal can be applied to Indonesia (outside Java)? --> Final goal
2
•Whether PFM actually contributes to the increase of biomass or reforestation (Lilik, Ellyn, Masuda, Shiga)
3
Objectives
of the Research Umbrella:
Study Site: Kuningan District, West Java
Landsat TM 5 of The Study Area
1997
1999
2002
2009
Forest (Natural/
Secondary) Teak Plantation Pine Plantation Mixed Garden
Paddy Field Bush & Grass
Upland & Bareland
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17% 25% 19% 21%
14% 3% 1%
Land-use/Land cover Proportion in 1997
Forest Mixed Garden Grass & Shrubs Upland & bareland Paddy Field Settlement Water Body
8% 22%
20% 32%
13% 4% 1%
Land-use/land cover Proportion in 1999
Forest Mixed Garden Grass & Shrubs Upland & bareland Paddy Field Settlement Water Body
23% 16% 12% 18% 24%
6% 1%
Land-use/land cover proportion in 2002
Forest Mixed Garden Grass & Shrubs Upland & bareland Paddy Field Settlement Water Body
32%
15% 5% 13% 21%
10% 4%
Land-use/land cover Proportion in 2009
Forest Mixed Garden Grass & Shrubs Upland & bareland Paddy Field Settlement Water Body
LULCC 1997 - 2009
Proportion of Forest cover change based on area
PHBM larger than Non PHBM
Non State forest (Hutan rakyat) larger than State forest (Hutan negara)
FI contributed to reforestation 0.00
5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00
Study Area
PHBM area
Non PHBM area
State forest land
area Non State
forest lands area
(Private forest) 1999
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Factor Contributed to Reforestation
•
Clear property rights by
the acknowledgement
of State Forest’s
boundary
•
Increasing confidence
of farmer to manage
the land
•
Current and future
benefits of
PHBM
for
farmers
•
FI is enabling condition
-> FI hypothesis could
explain the condition of
Kuningan
•
Economic factor is
motivation to induce
reforestation
•
Is there any other
theory to explain
Kuningan case ?
0.00 5,000.00 10,000.00 15,000.00 20,000.00 25,000.00 30,000.00
1997 1999 2002 2009
Forest
1999 is the turning point to reforestation, refer to
Forest Transition Theory
Forest Transition Theory:
Definition
•
Shifting from
Deforestation to
Reforestation
(Mather, Fairbairn &
Needle, 1999)
•
The passage from net
deforestation to net
reforestation
(Mather, 2008)
Driving Force (European Case)
•
Local use (pre-industrial) to need
of urban-industrial state (Mather,
Fairbairn & Needle, 1999)
•
Agricultural intensification,
technological improvement and
rural exodus (Mather, 1999)
•
Timber trade & fuel wood
requirement (Mather, 1999)
•
Perception & paradigms shift
(Mather, 1999)
